Selecting, Citing,

Synthesizing and Ethical

Standards in Writing
Literature Reviews
 Writing a Review of
Literature
• The structure of the review SHOULD contain
the following:
– A synopsis of the subject, problem or theory
under contemplation
– Dissection of works under review into themes or
categories
– An explanation how each works is alike to and
differ from others
– Conclusions as to which parts are best
considered and can make a contribution to the
enhancement of your area of research
 Literature review
• An examination of relevant books,
scholarly articles and other
sources pertinent to an area of
research.
• A consolidation of key ideas and
evaluation of literature available
in view of the research problem
 Forms of Review of Related
Literature
• Integrative review – are simply the
“summaries of past research”;
• Theoretical review – “wherein the
researcher focuses on extant theory
that relates the problem being studied
• Methodological review – actual critique
of the strength and weaknesses of the
method sections
Guidelines in Writing RRL
• Include a substantial amount of
literature
• Use the RRL in planning a
quantitative study
• Consider how the parts in the
review will be written (integrative,
theoretical and methodological)
Guidelines in Writing RRL
• Focus on the available varied
types of materials or literature
that you can consider in the
review
• Decide on what reference style to
use.
 Guidelines in Writing RRL
• Limit the scope of your review. It is
important to know what data you need to
extract from existing studies.
– Literature related to independent variable
(Topic 1)
– Literature related to dependent variable (Topic
2)
– Literature related to literature that relates the
independent and dependent variable (Topic 3)
– Summary
 Guidelines in Writing RRL
• Organize a visual research map of
the literature that highlights key
works and findings relevant to your
study.
The primary ethical issue we often
encounter in writing our research
paper is…

PLAGIARISM
 Citation
• A way to tell your readers that certain
materials in your work came from another
source.
• Provides the following information:
– Name of the author
– Title of the Work
– Name and location of the publishing company
– Date the copy was published
– Page number of the reference material
 Chicago/Turabian
Documentation Style
• Documentary notes or Humanities
style
• Places bibliography citations at
the bottom of a page or at the end
of a paper.
APA or American Psychological
Association Style
• Contains the author’s last name and
the work’s date
• Page number appears only on a
citation to a direct quotation.
 MLA or Modern Language
Association Style
• help researchers accurately cite
their sources when it's time to
write their final paper
• Author and page number
 Referencing
• There are lots of citation and
referencing style used in the
internet but the most commonly
used is the APA style.
• Prepare your literatures
and studies this week.
We’ll have a writing
workshop activity on
RRL.
 Written Work: On notebook
• True or False: Are the ff. True or False
regarding the RRL?
1. Place each work in the context of its
contribution to understanding the
research problem being studied
2. Describe the relationship of each work
to the others under consideration
3. Does not need to reveal gaps that
exists in the literature
4. Integrative reviews are
summaries of _____________________.
5. In text citations in APA style
shows the ___________ and the
_______________ of the published
work.