HOW

IS
SOCIETY
ORGANIZED
OBJECTIVE
S:
1.Understand and discuss
the composition of society
based on the groups that
compose it;
2.Identify and define the
different types of groups in
NO MAN IS AN
ISLAN
D
Humans always move and live
in groups since ancient
times.
Humans bond and
survive together
 What drives us to organize

s oc e
i t y?
Is it due t o o u r instinct to
survive? Or is it our nature to
build & destroy cities,
civilizations, cultures & then
ACTIVITY NO.
1:“Name that

Picture” (GROUP/
NO GROUP)
CROWD AT MRT
STATION
FAMIL
EDSA PEOPLE POWER
MALL
PEOPLE AT
CHURCH
CLOSE
 RESPECT
FOR
ELDERS
 ANALYSI
s
•S:
Do you consideryourselfas part of

ocial group?
•
How does it feel being one of the
members
 WHY THERE IS A NEED FOR
SOCIAL DO WE REALLY DEPEND
GROUP?
ON IT?
• Everyone wants a sense of
belonging
•Man is by nature a social being
and he interacts with others…
(Aristotle)
• As members, we think of
 GROUPS
Smaller: units that compose a
society;
Unit interactin
of g with an
interdependence of roles
personalitie
and statuses
s existing
IMPORTANCE OF

G R O U P S:
1 . Tr an s m i t t e r of
culture
2. Means of social control
3. Socializes the individual
4. Sources of ideas
 SOCIAL GROUP
Is two or more people who
identify with and interact with
one another (Macionis, 2012).
 SOCIAL
GROUP

•It is where human beings come together

in couples, families, circles of friends,
churches, clubs,
 SOCIAL
GROUP

• Whatever the form, it is made up of

people with shared experiences,
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SOCIAL GROUP
•Group
members
interact on a
fairly
regular
CHARACTERISTICS OF
SOCIAL GROUP
• Member should
s
develo a structure
p
wher each
assumes
e a specific
member
status and adopts
a particular role.
 Certain
orderly
procedures
and
values are
agreed
upon.

CHARACTERISTICS OF
 The
members of
the group
feel a sense
of
identity.
 NOT EVERY COLLECTION OF
INDIVIDUALS FORMS A
GROUP…
SOCIAL
CATEGORY
(people with a status in common )

shared social characteristic, like

gender, race, ethnicity,
nationality, age, class, etc.
 SOCIAL
CATEGORY
(people with a status in common )
women,
homeowners,
soldiers, skilled
workers,
professionals,
millionaires, college
graduates, and
 NOT EVERY COLLECTION OF
INDIVIDUALS FORMS A
GROUP…
CROWD – loosely formed
collection of people in one place
(e.g. students sitting in a large
stadium with interaction at a limited
extent).
EDSA PEOPLE POWER
PEOPLE AT
CHURCH
 SOCIA
AGGREGAT
L
E
A social aggregate is a collection of
people who are in the same place at the
same time, but who otherwise do not
necessarily have anything in common,
and who may not interact with each
other.
 SOCIA
AGGREGAT
L
EXAMPLES:
E
•when we walk down a crowded sidewalk,
eat in restaurant,
•ride public transitwith other passengers,
and shop in stores
 FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE
GROUPS
-Motivational base shared
by individual
- Size of group
- Type of group goals
- Kind of group structure
 SOCIA
ORGANIZATION
L
is a process of bringing
order
and significance into
human social life.
CHARACTERISTICS
OF SOCIAL
ORGANIZATIO
N
1. Differentiation in
statusesand roles on
the basis of
sex, age and
2.Repeated activities
and behavior.
3.A system of norms and
values govern the social
activities.
4.Control:some person
control the behavior of
others, and a
system of sanctions
maintain orderly behavior.
 SOCIAL
STRUCTURE
The organized set of social
institutions and patterns of
institutionalized relationships
that together compose society.
 SOCIAL
STRUCTURE
The organized set of social
institutions and patterns of
institutionalized relationships
that together compose society.
GROUPS
GROUPS ACCORDING
TO TIE
1. PRIMARY

Small, intimG ate R andO less

U specP ialized group.

It is joined by primary relationships where
people:
 1.
•
G R
PRIMARYO
The first group w
U e ex peri ence in

P
li fe
• Members are bound to others by emotion and
loyalty.
 2.
GROU
SECONDARY
A large and impersonal social
P members pursue a
group whose
specific goal or activity.

Examples: Industrial Workers;

business associates, Faculty Staff,
Company Employees
 2.
SECONDARY
•Involve P
R
weaties
lkmO U
aneand
o oti little personal
knowledge of one another.
• It includes many more
people
(the reason why one another
couldn’t a lasting
 2.
GROU
SECONDARY
•It exist for only a short
P
time, beginning and ending
without

p a r t ci u a l r s i gn fi i c a n c e
(e . g . s tu d en t s en r o l le d i n the
same course at a university who may not
 PRIMARY GROUP SECONDARY GROUP
Intimate, personal & Impersonal, formal,
informal relationships distant relationships
Long term, sometimes Short term or
life long temporary
We develop our self- We meet our life long
identity or who we are partners through these
Family members, close Work, school,
3.
GROUP
INTERMEDIATE
A cross between
primary and
secondary groups.
 3.
GROU
INTERMEDIATE
It is a group that is large
scale P
yet applies
familial
relationship with
How television companies
package their TV
 3.
GROU
INTERMEDIATE
P
Example:
A wheremembers ar
family because of e
residence, and
separate work
circumstances.
d ,
ACCORDING TO
SELF-
 1. IN-
A GROUPS
member can identify
him/herself within that
group & which individuals
feel at home.
 1. IN-
GROUPS
Indicator: Distinct yet Abstract
ethnicity, race, faith and ideology.
common interests, pastime
or hobbies-
playing chess, cooking,
backpacking, gardening etc.
 1. IN-
GROUPS
very specific:
being students of one school,
citizens of a country, employees
of a company
etc.
 2. OUT-
GROUPS
A social unit to which individuals do
not
belong due to differences in
social categories and with which
they do not identify.
 2. OUT-
GROUPS
EXAMPLE:
The Lasallians are Lasallians because
they are not Ateneans.
I play chess intensely that I do not hang-
out with basketball players.
 3.
GROUP
Groups REFERENCE
to which we consciously
or S
unconsciously refer when
we evaluate our life situations
and behavior but to
which we do not necessarily
belong.
 3.
GROUP
The REFERENCE
group is used to determine
the
S
reference point in so far as
the kind of expected
behaviour or norm one should
act or manifest.
 3.
GROUP
REFERENCE
A S
person can have
multiple reference groups.
It can be used as basis for
what
someone aspires to be- role
model.
 3.
GROUP
REFERENCE
Has greatSinfluence in the
way we create our
own identities, the
groups we form & aspire us
to be
 4.
a NETWORK
series or web of social ties
involving people or groups
of individuals connected to
each other.
 4.
NETWORK
EXAMPLES:
Connected through
friendship, family, business
relationship,
academic institutions,
religious organizations.
FUNCTIONS
OF SOCIAL
NETWORKS
 1.
DIFFUSION
In networks information
travel fast like gossips
and other breaking
news.
 2.
EXCHANGE
Information exchange ,
material exchange like in
multilevel marketing.
 3.
SOCIAL
S U P
Re fe rra l
well in
networks in
locating someon
P s
O
finding
a y
st
R e
m
T
job,
forming support works e,
groups. advice
 4.
EXCLUSION
Those outside the network
are excluded from the
benefits, support system &
information shared within
the network.
ACCORDING
TO
 1. SPECIAL
GROUPS
INTEREST
Groups which are organized
to meet the specific interest
of the members
 2. TASK
GROUPS
Groups assigned
to accomplished jobs which
cannot be done by one
person
 3.
GROUPS
INFLUENCE/PRESSURE
Groupsorganized to
support or influence
social actions.
ACCORDING TO
FORM OF
 1.
GROUP
FORMAL
•Social organization
S
•Their goals are clearly stated & the
division of labor is based on member’s
ability or merit
•Deliberately formed & their purpose &
objectives are defined
 2.
•AnBUREAUCRACY
administrative
structure which is aimed to
enable members to meet

their goals;
•
 2.
BUREAUCRACY are
•Formal organizationsin which parts

ordered in the manner of a pyramid

based on

a division of function and authority

•
 3.
 GROUP
INFORMAL
Arises spontaneouslyout
S
interactions
of of two or
more

persons;
 3.
 GROUP
INFORMAL
Has no explicit rules &
S
Has characteristics of primary
objectives
groups & members are bound
by emotion & sentiments
 FAMILY
,
KINSHIP
&
- Explain the function of the family
- Define kinship, marriage and
OBJECTIVES:
household
-Enumerate and explainthe
different forms of kinship by
blood, kinship by
marriage and kinship by rituals
WHAT IS YOUR
OWN IDEA OF
A FAMILY?
 WHAT IS
YOUR IDEAL
MARRIAGE?
 • FAMIL
Is defined as a type of
Y
social institution that
unites people by
blood, kinship or
alliance
 FAMIL
A typical family would
Y
consists of the parents &
their children living in the
same residence.
 GEORGE PETER MURDOC
Family is a social group that has the
following characteristics:
1.Share common residence
2.Presence of
economic cooperation
3. Includes adults of both sexes,
wherein at least two of whom
uphold a socially approved form
of sexual relationship.
5. Responsible for the
socialization of infants and
children.
 KINGSLEY DAVIS
Family is a group of individuals
wherein the relationship is
based on consanguinity and
kinship.
 TALCOTT PARSONS
Family a factory that
is and produces
develops
human
personalities.
 BRONISLOW NALINOWSKI
Family an institution that
is down the cultural
passes
traditions of a society to the
next generations.
TYPES OF
FAMILIES
 1.
FAMIL
NUCLEAR
United Nations
a. Y
married
(UN) : couple
Achildren,
without
b.A married couple with one
or more unmarried
 1.
FAMIL
NUCLEAR
C. A father with one or
unmarriedYchildren or
more
D. A mother with one or
more unmarried children.
 2.
FAMIL
EXTENDED
Families that include the
membersofYthe kinship
other
group such as :
Uncles, grandparents,
cousins
 3. SINGLE-
FAMILY
PARENT
The parent
(married,
unmarried,
widowed, d lives wi
 4. BLENDED FAMILY
Remarried couple and
their children.
KINSHI
 • KINSHIP
•is one of the main
organizing principles of
society
•It is one of the basic social
 • KINSHIP
•The most basic bonds
are
those based on marriage
and reproduction. Kinship
refers to
KINSHIP
BY
1. CONSANGUINEAL
KINSHIP
This relationships
achieved by birth or
blood affinity.
 2. DESCENT
•biological
relationship
between parents
and
 3. LINEAGE
the line where
one’s descent is
traced.
4.UNILINEAL
DESCENT
tracing the affiliation of
a person through
descent of only one
sex,
GROUPS:
CLANS:
A link by kin with members
connection through
tracing anothe
one if the
even r
supposedly union is ancestr
not clear . al
GROUPS:
LINAGES:
The type of link is through
common
ancestry using both mother
and father ’s side of the family.
GROUPS:
MOIETIES:
Are based on the association by
choice with an ancestral line but
the members couldn’t explain
the reason for the link.
GROUPS:
PHRATRIES:
group of people within
a tr ibe who have
a
5. BILATERAL
DESCENT
•some societies trace their
descent through
the study of both parentsancestors. In
a biliteral descent, kinship is
traced through
both ancestral lines of the
6. PATRILINEAL
•Descent is identified by tracing
the ancestry of an individual
by
relatives the men, sons
his or her
from or
fathers of the families in the
ancestry line.
7. MATRILINEAL
•Descent is identified by tracing
the affiliation of an individual
by hisor her
relatives
or from of women,
the the families in
daughters
mothers the
RELATIONSHIP
OF
CONSANGUINIT
 1 ST
2 ND DEGREE 3 RD 4 TH
DEGRE DEGRE DEGREE
PERSO E-Child - E
-Great -Great-
N - Grandchildr grand great-
parent en children grandchildre
-Sister
-Nephew n
-Brother -Aunt -
- -Uncle -
Grandniece
Grandparent -Great Grandnephe
grand w
parent
-First
KINSHIP
BY
 MARRIAG
E
The union of a couple through legal
and
socially acceptable means. Kinship by
is a union of two families where the
family and relatives from both sides
are related by
 MARRIAG
E
•It is a socio-sexual institution, a part of
the wider institutional complex of the
family.
•It is the center of the kinship
system.
 AFFINAL
KINSHIP
refers to type of relations
developed when marriage
occurs. When marriage takes
place new forms of social
relations are developed. (in-
laws)
RELATIONSHIP
OF
AFFINITY
 1 DEGREE 2
ST ND

PERSON DEGREE
-spouse -brother-in-law
-mother-in-law -sister-in-law
-father-in-law -spouse’s
-son-in-law grandparent
-daughter-in-law -spouse’s
-stepson
-stepdaughter
grandchild
-Stepmother -grandchild’s
-stepfather spouse
 ENDOGAM
Y
The practice of marrying
specific
within a

ethnic group, class or social group,

rejecting others on such a basis as being
unsuitable for marriage or for the other
close relationships.
 EXOGAMOU
S
The practice of marrying outside
group, class
or social group, which is vey common
in
modern societies.
Means of maintaining
boundaries and creates
links.
 MONOGAM
Y
The marriageof sexual
partnering practice where
the individual has
only one male of female
partner or mate.
 POLYGAM
The Ypractice of having
more than one partner or
sexual mate.
 POLYGYNY
(a man has multiple partner)

POLYANDR
Y has multiple
(a woman
 SOROR
POLYGYNY
AL
A man marries
several
sisters
 KINSHIP BY
BLOOD
1. CONSANGUINEAL
2. DESCENT
3. LINAGE
4. UNILINEAL
5.GROUPS:
CLANS,LINAGE,MOIETIES,
PHRATRIES
6. BILATERAL DESCENT
7.PATRILINEA
 KINSHIP
MARRIAGE
BY
1. AFFINEAL
KINSHIP
A. ENDOGAMY
B. EXOGAMY
C. MONOGAMY
D. POLYGAMY
(POLYGYNY &
ACTIVITY: TRACE
IT DOWN!!!
Trace the kinship by blood and
marriage of your own family
(PATRILINEAL OR MATRILINEAL).
Use the sample format and give
the complete name/information
of each member of the family.
 SERQMY KINSHIP &
FAMILY
CECILIA & PEDRO SERQUINA

EDITHA & ODYOK PORFIRIO

ADERE ORTI
AMALI PETER
S Z
A
SERQUIN SERQUINA
A

MARK JEREMY MARA JOELA

DIANE DANICA LYRA DAIRA LEE

LIZ
DIANE LIZ
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
1.WHAT TYPE OF FAMILY DO
YOU THINK MOST OF THE
FILIPINO HAS? WHY?
2.HOW IMPORTANT IS MARRIAGE TO
YOU?
3.WHAT IS YOUR IDEA OF
A MARRIED PERSON?
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
4.HOW WOULD YOU CATEGORIZE
YOUR FAMILY?WHY?
5.IF YOU BELONG TO A FAMILY THAT
HAS A BAD REPUTATION IN THE
PAST,HOW WOULD YOU PROCEED TO
LIVE BY IT IN THE PRESENT?