CEMENT–

QUALITY TYPES
& USES

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by
Arundhathi unnikrishnan
CONTENTS
 What is cement ?

 Composition

 Quality

 Grade

 Types

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WHAT IS CEMENT?
* A cement is a binder , a substance used in
construction that sets, hardens and adheres to
other materials, binding them together.
* Cement is a mixture of different constituents and
acts as the main constituent in concrete, Egyptians
first manufactured Cementing materials by burning
gypsum. And then Romans & Greeks used
cementing materials obtained by burning limestone.

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GENERAL CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION

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 QUALITY
 It is necessary to check the quality of cement on site at the
time of preliminary inspection. It is not possible to check all the
engineering qualities of cement on site but there exist some
field test which gives us a rough idea of quality of cement.
 Date of packing

 Colour

 Rubbing

 Hand Insertion

 Float Test

 Smell Test

 Presence of lumps

 Shape Test

 Strength Test 5
 GRADE OF CEMENT
  These are terms used for describing different grades of
cement. A grade of cement indicates the strength of
cement that is measured in Mega pascal (Mpa ) or
N/mm2. Cement is usually measured after 28 days of
curing for a standard cube.
most professionals opt for 53 grade cement.
33 Grade Ordinary Portland used for general construction
Cement work under normal
I.S. 269:1989
environmental condition.

43 Grade Ordinary Portland used for plain concrete work

Cement and plastering works.
I.S. 8112:1989
53 Grade Ordinary Portland  used for structural purposes
Cement as in reinforced cement 6
I.S. 12269:1987
concrete.
TYPES OF CEMENT
 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
 Rapid hardening cement
 Coloured cement
 Hydrophobic cement
 Expanding cement
 Acid resistant cement
 Quick setting cement
 Sulphate resisting cement
 High Alumina cement
 White cement
 Air entraining cement
 Oil well cement
 Low heat cement
 Super sulphate cement
 Pozzolana cement 7
 Blast furnace slag cement
Ordinary portland
Rapid hardening cement
cement

In usual construction  When finely grounded

work,Ordinary Portland Tri-calcium silicate
Cement is widely used. (C3S) is present in
Uses of Ordinary OPC with higher
Portland Cement content, it gains
 It is used for general strength more quickly
than OPC. This type of
construction purposes.
OPC is called Rapid
 It is also used in most
Hardening Cement.
of the masonry works.
 It’s initial Setting Time
30 minutes and Final
Setting Time 600
minutes.
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Coloured cement Hydrophobic cement

 The cements are  Usually, it is used in the

obtained by adding construction of water
pigments with opc or structures such as
white cement dams, spillways, or
 Chromium oxide-green other submerged
 Cobalt-blue structures.
 It is also used in the
 Carbon pigments-black
construction of
 Manganese-black,brown
underground structure
Uses like tunnel etc.
For decorative works
Plastering of walls
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Expansive cement Acid resisting cement

 Opc shrinks during  This cement resists

setting and drying. the attack of acid.
 While expansive  To achieve this, the
cement suffers materials like
hardly any change quartz,sodium
in volume during silicates are added
drying to opc.
Uses  Used for

Machine foundation construction of acid

Concrete repair resisting floors in
works factories
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Sulphate resisting
Quick setting cement
cement

 Sulphet resisting Quick setting cement is

cement is used to the cement which sets in a
resist sulphet attacks in very short time. The initial
concrete. Due to the setting time is 5 minutes
lower percentage and the final setting time is
30 minutes. The
of Tricalcium aluminate,
composition of Quick
the production of Setting Cement:
calcium sulpho- Aluminium sulphate (1% to
aluminates gets 3% by weight of clinker)
reduced. The aluminium sulphte
Uses increase the hydration rate
 Marine structures of silicate.
Ideal for under water
 Sewage treatment 11
construction
structures
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