Organizing Medical

Research Papers (13)

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Measuring physiological signals plays an important role in medical or
clinical studies, as evidenced by numerous electrophysiological studies
attempting to acquire various physiological signals emitted from pain in order to
develop adequate monitoring and recording systems.
Despite the abundance of electrophysiological investigations in this
area, no objective and precise method is available to evaluate pain in clinical
practice.
For instance, conventionally adopted electrophysiolgical
systems have only a single channel, thus expending considerable time. The
ability to use multi-channel recording systems would not only save
experimental time, but also detect the reproducibility of the recordings without
delay.
The inability to construct a standardized, multi-channel system
makes it impossible to compensate for the lack of current-source-density (CSD)
analysis obtained from stimulations, without which, makes it extremely difficult
to understand the distribution of touch or pain responses. Therefore, a multi-
channel microelectrode incorporated with a customized multi-channel recording
amplifier must be designed to record multi-channel evoked potentials and
quantitatively evaluate clinical pain.
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Based on the above, we should design a multi-channel
microelectrode incorporated with a customized multi-channel recording
amplifier to record multi-channel evoked potentials and quantitatively evaluate
clinical pain.
To do so, glass microelectrodes can be used to record
cerebral evoked potentials caused by electrical or mechanical stimuli. The
responsive centers can then be identified via current-source-density (CSD)
analyses. Next, a concentration can be made of sixteen channels in one
system, which consists of amplifiers and filers capable of preventing too many
falling heads.
As anticipated, the multi-channel microelectrode incorporated with
a customized multi-channel recording amplifier can markedly reduce the time
required to perform electrophysiological experiments and reproduce
experiments.
While adequate monitoring and recording systems can build up
public confidence in the reliability of laboratory results, further clinical trials of
this systems can increase diagnosis efficiency and detect diseases in their
early stages for immediate treatment.
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Coronary artery angiography (CAG) can not divide the severity of
left main coronary artery (LMCA) with plaque or fibrous lesion, making
impossible an appropriate and immediate treatment strategy and necessitating
an alternative means of determining the severity of a lesion to prescribe such
a strategy. In practice, CAG displays coronary arteries by combining an x-ray
intensity of 100~150 kVp and 10 mAs, making it further impossible to acquire
the images of plaque and fibrous lesion with a low intensity X-ray and
explaining why the severity of the lesion is often underestimated.
For overcoming this problem, although scanning these images with
intra-vessel ultrasound (IVUS) is a feasible alternative, how to define an
accurate stenosis rate when calculating the cross-section area ratio is
problematic.
The reference is defined as the LMCA with IVUS scanning.
The clinical criteria value of a normal vessel cross-section area (CSA) is
defined as the percentage confident area (Mean lumen area minus 2*
standard deviation)
Although the control group can be defined as the LMCA with
CAG, whether it is normal can not be determined by comparing their CSA
results. Consequently, a precise treatment strategy can not be devised without
comparing the criteria value and the abnormal value.
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Based on the above, we should attempt to determine the
ratio of the plaque and fibrous lesion to CSA in order to enable medical
personnel to assess the severity of a lesion.
To do so, severity of a lesion can be determined
based on the melanized value of the x-ray penetrating various density
materials. The vessel lumen can then be directly scanned using IVUS
and, in doing so, not only divide different stenosis rates but also display
the anatomy three-dimensionally.
As anticipated, analysis results can verify the effectiveness
of IVUS scanning in providing a safe and accurate means of diagnosing
patients, enabling medical personnel to prescribe accurate treatment
based on IVUS results.
In contrast with CAG, IVUS is a safe, immediate and
precise diagnosis method that can not only facilitate an evaluation of
lesions in the LMCA, but also enable cardiologists to effectively treat
patients and, ultimately lower the mortality rate of CAD patients and
medical expenses.
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Portable x-ray machines are extensively adopted in hospitals
as auxiliary equipment to diagnose illnesses, enabling medical
technicians to free move around hospital wards with these machines
that strictly adhere to certain radiation level requirements in patient-
physician consultation rooms, but not so for general waiting areas for
sick patients.
However, patient-physician consultation rooms are
constructed of a lead-laden protective shelter, while general waiting
areas for sick patients are not, only blocking ordinary radiation levels by
three lead-laden protective screens. 3D space measurements are
difficult to quantify.
Doing so involves adopting a mode of isodose curve
in which the data distributed dose of a 3D space is quantified.
The traditional tubes of an x-ray machine that
illuminate the angle will influence the extent to which radiation is
distributed.
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Given the difficulty in quantifying 3D space measurements, we
should attempt to determine the distribution of radiation dosage from portable
x-ray machines in general waiting areas for sick patients via simulation, results
of which can provide a valuable reference for concerns over radiation
protection in a clinical diagnosis setting.
To do so, clinical diagnosis or treatment can be simulated, in
which radiation is distributed in a 3D space. Exactly how radiation dose is
distributed in medical personnel and patients can then be understood. Next,
simulation of RANDO phantoms can be observed with respect to the influence
of x-ray scattering during clinical diagnosis. Additionally, a TLD chip can be
suspended at varying heights in the level layer of three planes. Moreover, TLD
data can be obtained after analyzing the radiation distribution.
As anticipated, analysis results can identify the optimal radiation
dose distribution in a 3D space, thus clarifying not only how radiation dose is
distributed in medical personnel and patients and what radiation protection
equipment is available, but also how radiation in a lead laden protective screen
can be stopped.
Results of this study can demonstrate that lead laden protective
screen can prevent 96 % of all radiation leakage from harming medical
personnel and patients.
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