BLEPT ENGLISH MAJOR

PRE-BOARD

Adonis M. Capulong
Discussant
1. Among Filipinos, what characteristics
make English difficult to understand?

A. It is a complex language
B. It is a strange language
C. It is a second/ third language
D. It is a universal language
• One of the reasons why English is known for being
difficult is because it’s full of contradictions. There
are innumerable examples of conundrums such as:
• There is no ham in hamburger.
• Neither is there any apple nor pine in pineapple.
• If teachers taught, why didn’t preachers praught?
• If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a
humanitarian eat?
• “Overlook” and “oversee” have opposite meanings,
while “look” and “see” mean the same thing.
2. ESP is centered on the language appropriate
to various activities that relate well with
grammar, lexis, register, discourse, and
_________.

A. Genre
B. Poetry
C. Prose
D. Composition
• Genre is a term used to classify types of
spoken or written discourse. These are
normally classified by content, language,
purpose and form. Learners analyse an
example of a formal letter of complaint,
looking at structure, set phrases, formality
and purpose.
3. An English teacher may administer a
performance-based assessment in ESP using a
rubric as a measuring instrument. In which of
the following tests is a rubric best applicable?

A. Dictation test
B. Oral interview
C. Sentence transformation
D. Analyzing sentences
4. Use of grade readers is one approach applied
in ESP to teach students with a low level of
knowledge of English. In general these
materials refer to __________.
A. Books read by the students from Grade i- VI
B. Multi-graded books received in the different
grade levels
C. Different versions of books with simplified
grammar and vocabulary
D. Books used by several grade levels.
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC
PURPOSES
I. What does ESP mean?
In the advent of content-based language instruction and
skills-based syllabus, more and more teachers have
realized the effectiveness and practicality of teaching
what the students NEED and not what the syllabus or the
curriculum dictates. Hence, the birth of English for
Specific Purposes. Hutchinson and Waters (1987) use ESP
as an approach rather than a product, by which they
mean that ESP does not involve a particular kind of
language, teaching material or methodology. They
suggest that “the foundation of ESP is the simple
question: “Why does this learner need to learn a foreign
language?” The answer to this question relates to the
learners, the language required and the learning context,
and thus establishes the primacy of NEED in ESP.
II. What are the Basic Features of ESP?
1. ESP is goal oriented- Because students study English for a specific purpose, i.e. to
survive in an academic setting or in a workplace, topics and activities are specified
on the goal of the student. Hence, the program should not be geared towards a
general approach to teaching the English language.
2. ESP is based on needs analysis- Relevant to the first criteria, the topics and
activities embedded within an ESP course is based on the analysis of students’
needs, i.e. initial needs, learning needs, and target or end-of-course requirements.
3. ESP is time-bound- Because students study English for a specific purpose, they do
not intend to spend too much time engaging to indirect learning activities and
exercises. Each session aims to contribute to the end goal, which should be met at
a specified time or duration.
4. ESP is for adults- Although there may be some people taking up ESP courses, most
often the students are adults, simply because they are the ones who are opting to
learn English as a preparation for higher learning or for the workplace.
5. ESP is discipline specific- Most often than not, ESP courses are written to fit a
particular group of students who belong to the same field of study. If you’re a
nurse, you would not enroll in an English for Engineers course, would you?
5. An act enhancing the Philippine Basic
Educatuion System by strengthening its
curriculum and for other purposes is known
as _______.

A. Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013

B. Trifocalization Act
C. National Education Act
D.Kindergarten Education Act of 2012
Enhanced Basic Education Act of
2013
• Act refers to Republic Act No. 10533,
entitled “AnAct Enhancing the
Philippine Basic EducationSystem by
Strengthening Its Curriculum and
Increasing the Number of Years for Basic
Education, Appropriating Funds Therefor
and for Other Purposes,” otherwise known
as the “Enhanced Basic Education Act
of 2013.
Trifocalization Act
• Prior to 1994, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports
(DECS) had the sole responsibility for policy formulation,
planning, budgeting, program implementation and coordination
in all levels of formal and nonformal education in the
Philippines. It also supervised all education institutions in both
the public and the private sectors. During the Aquino
administration, Congress created an Education Committee
(EDCOM) which recommended the “trifocalization” of the
organizational structure in the education sector. Under this
policy which took effect in 1994/1995, oversight for the
education sector is now provided by three distinct bodies: the
DECS for basic education; the Technical Education and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA) for technical and vocational
education and training; and the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED) for higher education
National Education Act
Republic Act No. 9155
AN ACT INSTITUTING A FRAMEWORK OF GOVERNANCE FOR BASIC EDUCATION, ESTABLISHING
AUTHORITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, RENAMING THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND
SPORTS AS THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001.”
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is hereby declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the
right of all citizens to quality basic education and to make such education accessible to all by providing
all Filipino children a free and compulsory education in the elementary level and free education in the
high school level. Such education shall also include alternative learning systems for out-of-school youth
and adult learners. It shall be the goal of basic education to provide them with the skills, knowledge and
values they need to become caring, self- reliant, productive and patriotic citizens.
The school shall be the heart of the formal education system. It is where children learn. Schools shall
have a single aim of providing the best possible basic education for all learners.
Governance of basic education shall begin at the national level. It is at the regions, divisions, schools and
learning centers — herein referred to as the field offices — where the policy and principle for the
governance of basic education shall be translated into programs, projects and services developed,
adapted and offered to fit local needs.
The State shall encourage local initiatives for improving the quality of basic education. The State shall
ensure that the values, needs and aspirations of a school community are reflected in the program of
education for the children, out-of-school youth and adult learners. Schools and learning centers shall be
empowered to make decisions on what is best for the learners they serve.
Kindergarten Education Act of
2012
• [REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10157]
• AN ACT INSTITUTIONALIZING THE KINDERGARTEN EDUCATION INTO THE
BASIC EDUCATION SYSTEM AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR
• Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in
Congress assembled:
• SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Kindergarten Education Act”.
• SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. – In consonance with the Millennium Development Goals
on achieving Education for All (EFA) by the year 2015, it is hereby declared the policy
of the State to provide equal opportunities for all children to avail of accessible
mandatory and compulsory kindergarten education that effectively promotes
physical, social, intellectual, emotional and skills stimulation and values formation to
sufficiently prepare them for formal elementary schooling. This Act shall apply to
elementary school system being the first stage of compulsory and mandatory formal
education. Thus, kindergarten will now be an integral part of the basic education
system of the country.
• Kindergarten education is vital to the academic and technical development of the
Filipino child for it is the period when the young mind’s absorptive capacity for
learning is at its sharpest. It is also the policy of the State to make education learner-
oriented and responsive to the needs, cognitive and cultural capacity, the
circumstances and diversity of learners, schools and communities through the
appropriate languages of teaching and learning.
6. Examples, activities, songs, poems,
stories, and illustrations, are based on local
culture, history, and reality. This strategy
particularly refers to _________

A. Localization
B. Contextualization
C. Cultural adaptability
D. Authenticity
7. The Philippine Qualifications Framework
(PQF) is very significant in the
development of __________

A. Content and performance standards

B. Learning resources
C. Critical content
D. Learning competencies
• Educational qualifications and sets the standards
for qualification outcomes. development, recognition
and award of qualifications based on standards of
knowledge, skills and values acquired in different ways
and methods by learners and workers in the country.
• It is a national policy describing the levels of
educational qualifications and sets the standards
forqualification outcomes.
• A quality assured national system for the development,
recognition and award of qualifications based on
standards of knowledge, skills and values acquired in
different ways and methods by learners.
8. Listening to classical music ________one of
his preferred leisure activities.

A. Were
B. Are
C. Will
D. Is
SV Agreement
Dog barks
Dogs bark
9. While there is no absolute way to prevent
ankle__________, exercises such as ankle
lifts can help strengthen the joint.

A. Sprain
B. Sprain’s
C. Sprains
D.Sprains’
10. Substituting different sounds for the first sound of a familiar song just like the
example below can help in developing __________
Row, row, row your boat
Gently down the stream.
Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily,
Life is but a dream

Bow, bow, bow, your boat

Bently bown the beam
Berrily, berrily, berrily, berrily
Bife is but a beam

A. Phonological awareness
B. Word recognition
C. Phonological stress
D. Emergent word reading skills
11. Lila bought coffee for Isabella and ________.

A.Me
B.Mine
C.Both me And I are correct
D.I
12. After the show, the board members went
to another areas and _______ out with their
fans.

A.Hung
B.Hunged
C.Hanged
D.Hang
13. Neither you nor your children ________the
problem.

A.Understands
B.Are understanding
C.Is understanding
D.Understand
Either / Or and Neither / nor
• Two singular nouns connected by or or nor take a singular verb.
Neither Charles nor Benjamin was present there.
Neither he nor his dad is good at driving.
• When one of the nouns connected by or or nor is plural, the verb must
be plural, and the plural subject must be placed next to the verb.
Neither Peter nor his parents were aware of this. (More natural than
‘Neither his parents nor Peter was aware of this.)
• When the subjects connected by or or nor are of different persons, the
verb agrees with the noun that comes closer to it.
Neither you nor he is responsible for this. (Here the verb is agrees with
the third person pronoun he.)
Either he or you are to clean up the mess. (Here the verb are agrees with
the second person pronoun you.)
Either you or John has to pay for the drinks.
14. Eminent educators have observed that
qualified jobs are becoming ________.

A.Scarcest
B.More scarce
C.Scaring
D.Scarce
15. Which statement is correct in structure and
form?
A.Of the areas that produce lanzones, the
Camiguin Island is sweeter.
B.Of the areas that produce lanzones, the
Camiguin island is the sweetest.
C.Of the areas that produce lanzones, the
Camiguin island, is the sweetest.
D.Of the areas, that produce lanzones, the
Camiguin island is the sweeter.
16. Among ASEAN countries, Singapore is
known as ______ paradise

A.Shoppers’
B.Shop’s
C.Shoppers’
D.Shops’
17. A semantic study of Philippine English shares how
unique meanings are I his/hern contrast to its
standard counterpart. An example is the term room
for someone who stays in a dormitory or shared room
of a boarding house without meals provided is known
as _________

A.Bed pals
B.Bed spacer
C.Roommate
D.Transient
18. The study of ways in which non-native
speakers acquire, comprehend, and use
linguistic patterns or speech acts in a
second language is known as____________

A.Contrastive Rhetoric
B.Intra-language variety
C.Jargonized expression
D.Inter-language pragmatics
• Contrastive rhetoric is the study of how
a person's first language and his or her
culture influence on writing in a second
language or how a common language is
used among different cultures.
19. The THIRD child is the most intelligent.
The capitalized word is an example of
________.

A.Descriptive adjective
B.Cardinal adjective
C.Ordinal adjective
D.Limiting adjective
20. Some people feel that is _____ to the
president was unnecessary.

A.Delusion
B.Convulsion
C.Allusion
D.Illusion
• Delusion an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being contradicted by what is
generally accepted as reality or rational argument, typically a symptom of mental disorder.
"the delusion of being watched“
synonyms:
misapprehension, misconception, misunderstanding, mistake, error, misinterpretation, misconstruction, misbelie
f
• Convulsion a sudden, violent, irregular movement of a limb or of the body, caused by involuntary contraction of
muscles and associated especially with brain disorders such as epilepsy, the presence of certain toxins or other
agents in the blood, or fever in children.
Synonyms: fit, seizure, paroxysm, spasm, attack; ictus
"she had convulsions“
• Allusion an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing
reference.
"an allusion to Shakespeare“
synonyms: reference to, mention of, suggestion of, hint to, intimation of, comment on, remark on
"the town's name is an allusion to its founding family“
• Illusion a thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted by the senses.
"the illusion makes parallel lines seem to diverge by placing them on a zigzag-striped background"
synonyms: mirage, hallucination, apparition, figment of the imagination, trick of the light.
Illusion a deceptive appearance or impression.
"the illusion of family togetherness“
synonyms: appearance, impression, semblance; More
21. Analogies are comparisons based on
relationships between ideas. Finish the
analogy below..
Dwindle: Increase::Stiffen: _________

A.Relax
B.Cringe
C.Crawl
D.Freeze
22. When the word “consumables” refers to
resources such as toner, ink and paper
which are used up, it is regarded as a/an
__________.

A.Technological jargon
B.Multimedia jargon
C.Computer jargon
D.ICT jaqrgon
23. In Bloom’s Taxonomy of Thinking
process, which verbs help you design
activities for the creating level?

A.Justify, debate, invent

B.Modify, apply, debate
C.Recommend, design, produce
D.Compose, imagine, propose
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

CREATING
High
EVALUATIN Level
G Challenge
ANALYZING

APPLYING Medium
Level
UNDERSTA Challenge
NDING Lower
REMEMBER Level
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

List Outline
Locate Match
Quote Select
Repeat Cite
Label Give
Recall example

REMEMB
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

Define Reorganize
Describe Restate
Interpret Associate
Summarize Retell
Paraphrase Identify
Classify Infer
Explain Outline
UNDERS
TANDING
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

Translate Compute
Manipulate Sequence
Exhibit Show
Illustrate Solve
Calculate Demonstrate
APPLYIN Interpret Construct
G Operate Draw
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

Compare Contrast
Distinguish Detect
Question Test
ANALYZI Inspect Relate
NG Examine Dissect
Probe Categorize
Investigate Calculate
 BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

Judge Value
Rate Argue
EVALUATValidate Infer
ING Predict Determine
Assess Compare
Score Choose
Justify Conclude
Deduce Recommend
 BLOOM’S TAXONOMY

CREATIN
Assemble Prepare
G Craft Develop
Invent Imagine
Formulate Generate
Improve Design
Produce Create
Blend Modify
Devise
24. Which type of plot device ends abruptly so
that the main characters are left in a
difficult situation without offering any
resolution or conflict?

A.Foil
B.Anti hero
C.Cliffhanger
D.Archetype
• In fiction, a foil is a character who
contrasts with another character —usually
the protagonist— to highlight particular
qualities of the other character. In some
cases, a subplot can be used as a foil to
the main plot. This is especially true in the
case of metafiction and the "story within a
story" motif.
• A protagonist that lacks the characteristics that would
make him a hero. Quite simply, antiheros rock. Most of
them are social outcasts, who have no desire for foolish
things such as 'friendship' or 'trust'. An antihero can be a
jerk, or even have every characteristic of a villain, but
because success wouldn't be possible without their help,
they are still considered good guys. Due to the fact that
antiheros are not stupid, they probably won't do anything
helpful unless they are paid, or unless there is
some fine huny connected with the plot. Antiheros are
97% better off than most people in the world, in the way
that, they are good guys, but they're not stupid, and they
actually give a damn about money.
• archetype refers to the model upon which
something is based, but it has also come to
mean an example of a personality archetype,
particularly a fictional character in a story
based on a well-established personality model.
• archetype is a perfect example or model of
something. If you have long blonde hair, a
sparkly ball gown, and a fairy godmother
hovering over your head, you're
the archetype of a fairytale princess.
• A cliffhanger, or cliffhanger ending, is a
plot device in fiction which features a main
character in a precarious or difficult
dilemma, or confronted with a shocking
revelation at the end of an episode of
serialized fiction
25. The intensification of the conflict in a
story or play is called_________.

A.Exposition
B.Conflict
C.Rising action
D.Complication
26. Which type of paragraph would this topic
sentence is considered?
The day I won the oratorical title changed my
self perception.

A. Expository
B. Narrative
C. Descriptive
D. Persuasive
27. Sound words like bam, bang, booing are
examples of __________.

A.Metaphor
B.Simile
C.Onomatopeia
D.Idiom
• Metaphor A simile is similar to a
• Used for the purpose of metaphor. However, here,
comparison, a a reference between two
metaphor is a figure of concepts is made by
speech that implies the using the terms 'like' or
meaning of an object 'as'. Some examples
with its reference to are are:
another completely Cause she looks like a
unrelated object. For flower but she stings
instance: like a bee
• The sofa is fertile soil Like every girl in
for a couch potato. history. - Ricky Martin
(She Bangs)
• An idiom is a figure of
speech that is used to help
express a situation with
ease, but by using
expressions that are usually
completely unrelated to the
situation in question. These
examples will help you
understand idioms:
• It's no good crying over
spilt milk. - This is an idiom
that simply means there is
no use regretting about
unfortunate events that
have passed and cannot be
changed.
• An onomatopoeia is a word
that phonetically imitates,
resembles or suggests the
sound that it describes. As
an uncountable
noun, onomatopoeia refers
to the property of such
words. Common
occurrences of
onomatopoeia include
animal noises such as
"oink", "miaow" (or
"meow"), "roar" and
"chirp". 
28. A type of comedy based on a far-fetched
humorous situation often with ridiculous or
stereotyped character is called

A.Sequel
B.Simile
C.Farce
D.Fable
• A sequel is a literature, film, theatre,
television, music or video game that
continues the story of, or expands upon,
some earlier work.
• In theatre, a farce is a comedy that aims at
entertaining the audience through situations
that are highly exaggerated, extravagant,
and thus improbable.
• Farce is also characterized by physical humor,
the use of deliberate absurdity or nonsense,
and broadly stylized performances. Farces
have been written for the stage and film.
Furthermore, a farce is also often set in one
particular location, where all events occur.
• Fable is a literary genre: a succinct fictional story,
in prose or verse, that features animals, legendary
creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of
nature that are anthropomorphized (given human
qualities, such as the ability to speak human
language) and that illustrates or leads to a
particular moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at
the end be added explicitly as a pithy maxim.
• A fable differs from a parable in that the
latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects,
and forces of nature as actors that assume speech
or other powers of humankind.
29. “Life is like a roller coaster” is an
example of what figure of speech?

A.Simile
B.Personification
C.Metaphor
D.Hyperbole
30. Which refers to the use of a word whose
sound in some degree imitates or suggests its
meaning? Example: “Keeping time, time, time;
A sort of Runic rhyme. To the tintinnabulation
that so musically wells, from the Bells, bells,
bells.”
A.Rhyme
B.Alliteration
C.Rhythm
D.Onomatopoeia
• Rhythm generally means a "movement
marked by the regulated succession of
strong and weak elements, or of opposite
or different conditions"
• A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds
(or the same sound) in two or more words,
most often in the final syllables of lines in
poems and songs. The word rhyme is also
a pars pro toto ("a part (taken) for the
whole") that means a short poem, such as
a rhyming couplet or other
brief rhyming poem such as
nursery rhymes
• Alliteration is derived from Latin’s “Latira”.
It means “letters of alphabet”. It is a
stylistic device in which a number of
words, having the same first consonant
sound, occur close together in a series.
• examples:
• But a better butter makes a batter better.
• A big bully beats a baby boy.
• From Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime
of the Ancient Mariner”
• “The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,
The furrow followed free;
We were the first that ever burst
Into that silent sea.”
• In the above lines we see alliteration (“b”,
“f” and “s”) in the phrases “breeze blew”,
“foam flew”, “furrow followed”, and “silent
sea”.
• From William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” (prologue to Act
1)
• “From forth the fatal loins of these two foes;
A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life.”
• This is an example of alliteration with the “f” and “l.” in words
“forth, fatal, foes” and “loins, lovers, and life”.

• Percy Bysshe Shelley’s (English Romantic poet) “The Witch of

Atlas” is a famous poem that is full of examples of alliterations.
Just a few of them are “wings of winds” (line 175), “sick soul to
happy sleep” (line 178), “cells of crystal silence” (line 156),
“Wisdom’s wizard. . . wind. . . will” (lines 195-197), “drained and
dried” ( line 227), “lines of light” (line 245), “green and glowing”
(line 356), and crudded. . . cape of cloud” (lines 482-3).
31. “It was the best of times; it was the worst
or times. It was the age of wisdom; it was
the age of foolishness…” In this opening line
of the novel the Tale of Two Cities, Charles
Dickens uses ______
A.Didacticism
B.Consonance
C.Juxtaposition
D.Concession
• Didacticism is a term that refers to a particular
philosophy in art and literature that emphasizes
the idea that different forms of art and literature
ought to convey information and instructions,
along with pleasure and entertainment.
• The word didactic is frequently used for those
literary texts that are overloaded with
informative or realistic matter, and are marked
by the omission of graceful and pleasing details.
Didactic, therefore, becomes a derogatory term
referring to the forms of literature that are
ostentatiously dull and erudite. However, some
literary texts are entertaining as well as didactic.
Examples of didacticism 
• Pilgrim’s Progress (By John Bunyan)
• Essay on Man (By Alexander Pope)
• Animal Farm (By George Orwell)
• Consonance refers to repetitive sounds produced by consonants within
a sentence or phrase. This repetition often takes place in quick
succession, such as in “pitter, patter.”
• It is classified as a literary device used in both poetry as well as prose.
For instance, the words chuckle, fickle, and kick are consonant with
one another, due to the existence of common interior consonant
sounds (/ck/).
• The literary device of consonance is inherently different from 
assonance, which involves the repetition of similar vowel sounds
within a word, sentence, or phrase. Another distinction to be
appreciated is that between consonance and rhyme. In the case of
rhyme, consonant sounds can be present at the beginning, middle, or
end of several successive words, rather than merely at the ends of
words. Further, the device of consonance needs to be distinguished
from alliteration. In contrast to alliteration, consonance involves
repetition of consonant sounds only.
Examples
• The ship has sailed to the far off shore
• She ate seven sandwiches on
a sunny Sunday last year.
• Shelley sells shells by the seash
• Juxtaposition is a literary technique in which two or more
ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side
by side in a narrative or a poem, for the purpose of
developing comparisons and contrasts.
• In literature, juxtaposition is a useful device for writers to
portray their characters in great detail, to create suspense
, and to achieve a rhetorical effect. It is a human quality to
comprehend one thing easily by comparing it to another.
Therefore, a writer can make readers sense “goodness” in
a particular character by placing him or her side-by-side
with a character that is predominantly “evil.”
Consequently, goodness in one character is highlighted by
evil in the other character. Juxtaposition in this case is
useful in the development of characters.
• Examples of Juxtaposition in Literature
• Paradise Lost (By John Milton)
• A Tale of Two Cities (By Charles Dickens)
• Do not Go Gentle into that Good Night (By
Dylan Thomas)
• Romeo and Juliet (By William Shakespeare)
• Charles Dickens uses the technique of juxtaposition in the opening line
of his novel A Tale of Two Cities:
• “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of
wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was
the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season
of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we
had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going
direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way …”
• In order to give us an idea of the factors responsible for the French
Revolution, Dickens uses juxtaposition throughout the novel. Here, the
haves and have-nots are put side-by-side to highlight the presence of
severe disparity and discord in the then-French society, which
ultimately paved the way for the revolution. By examining the given
juxtaposition, readers can vividly imagine the
calamitous atmosphere before the revolution, and understand its need
at that time.
32. “The time is out of joint, O cursed spite
That ever I was born to set it right.”
The two lines above from Shakespeare’s Hamlet
use what literary device which is characterized by
having two successive rhyming lines in averse
and the same meter to form a complete thought?
A.Couplet
B.Assonance
C.Free verse
D.Meiosis
33. Which figure of speech uses
exaggeration for special effect like: “…
where the corn grows so tall they have to
go up on a ladder to pick the ears off.”?

A.Onomatopoeia
B.Alliterartion
C.Hyperbole
D.Metaphor
34. In analyzing poetry, one must first understand context. Which
among the following is NOT included in a poem’s context?

A.Does the poem belong to aparticular period or literary movement?

Does the poem relate to imagism, confessional verse, beat
movement, the Harlem Renaissance, the Civil Rights Era etc.?
B.How long is the poem? The longer the poem is, the more focus is
demanded of the readers.
C.Who wrote the poem? Does the poet’s life suggest any special
point of view, such a political affiliation, religious sect, career
interest, musical talent, family or personal problems, travel etc.?
D.When was the poem written and in what country? Such
information will help readers understand what’s in a poem and
why?
35. Which among the following options best
explains what imagery is?

A.Cartoon shows that makes everyone

laugh
B.When an author compares two things
C.The author send mental images in the
readers mind using words
D.Expressive picture hanging on the wall
• Imagery means to use figurative
language to represent objects, actions,
and ideas in such a way that it appeals to
our physical senses. Usually it is thought
that imagery makes use of particular
words that create visual representation of
ideas in our minds. The word “imagery” is
associated with mental pictures.
36. In a novel or a short story, this is the point
of view assumed by the narrator from
which is able to tell everything that happens
in the story. This is known as __________.

A.Eyewitness
B.Omniscient
C.First person
D.Stream of consciousness
• Third person Omniscient Point of View •In the
omniscient point of view, the narrator plays
no part in the story but can tell us what all
the characters are thinking and feeling as
well as what is happening in other places.
•The omniscient narrator •can tell us as
much or as little as the writer permits •may
tell us what all—or only some—of the
characters are thinking, feeling, and
observing •may comment on the story’s
meaning, characters, or events
• First person point of view involves the use of either of the
two pronouns “I” or “we.”
• “I felt like I was getting drowned with shame and disgrace.”
• stream of consciousness is a method of narration that
describes happenings in the flow of thoughts in the minds of
the characters.
• Another appropriate term for this device is
“interior monologue,” where the individual thought
processes of a character, associated to his or her actions,
are portrayed in the form of a monologue that addresses the
character itself. Therefore, it is different from the “dramatic
monologue” or “soliloquy,” where the speaker addresses
the audience or the third person.
37. Which type of paragraph has the goal of
convincing another person to change or
think about changing his/her opinion on
something?

A.Descriptive
B.Persuasive
C.Expository
D.Narrative
38. A plot device in literature which is usually
employed where visions are realized due to
the action of the character who tries to
prevent them. An example of this is
“Oedipus Rex.”
A.Oracle
B.Foresight
C.Self-fulfilling prophecy
D.Insight
• A self-fulfilling prophecy is when a person
unknowingly causes a prediction to come true, due
to the simple fact that he or she expects it to come
true. In other words, an expectation about a subject,
such as a person or event, can affect our behavior
towards that subject, which causes the expectation
to be realized.
• A notable fictional example of a self-fulfilling
prophecy occurs in classical play Oedipus Rex, in
which Oedipus becomes the king of Thebes, whilst
in the process unwittingly fulfils a prophecy that he
would kill his father and marry his mother.
39. The ten commandments of a modern story are:
it must have compression and immediateness,
momentum, characterization, verisimilitude,
style, culmination, soul are must be __________.

A.Publishing
B.Short
C.Read in one sitting
D.Complete in one reading
40. What is the method of storytelling in
which the narrator knows the thoughts and
feelings all the characters in the story?

A.Third person limited

B.Second person point-of-view
C.First person point-of-view
D.Third person omniscient
• Point of view is the angle of considering
things, which shows us the opinion or
feelings of the individuals involved in a
situation. In literature, point of view is the
mode of narration that an author employs
to let the readers “hear” and “see” what
takes place in a story, poem, or essay.
• First person point of view involves the use of either of
the two pronouns “I” or “we.”
• “I felt like I was getting drowned with shame and
disgrace.”
• Second person point of view employs the pronoun
“you.”
• “Sometimes you cannot clearly discern between anger
and frustration.”
• Third person point of view uses pronouns like “he,”
“she,” “it,” “they,” or a name.
• “ Stewart is a principled man. He acts by the book and
never lets you deceive him easily.”
• Third person Omniscient Point of View •In the
omniscient point of view, the narrator plays
no part in the story but can tell us what all
the characters are thinking and feeling as
well as what is happening in other places.
•The omniscient narrator •can tell us as
much or as little as the writer permits •may
tell us what all—or only some—of the
characters are thinking, feeling, and
observing •may comment on the story’s
meaning, characters, or events
41. The stylistic device in which a word or
phrase is repeated at the end of
successive clauses is known as ______.

A.Polyptoton
B.Epiphora
C.Gradation
D.Symploce
• Polyptoton is a stylistic device that is a rhetorical 
repetition of the same root word. However, each time the
word is repeated in a different way, such as the words
luppiter, lovi, lovis, and lovem are derived from the root
word “love.”
• Example: The Dry Salvages (By T. S. Eliot)
• “There is no end of it, the voiceless wailing,
No end to the withering of withered flowers,
To the movement of pain that is painless and motionless,
To the drift of the sea and the drifting wreckage,
The bone’s prayer to Death its God. Only the hardly,
barely prayable
Prayer of the one Annunciation…”
• Epiphora, also known as “epistrophe,” is a stylistic device in which a
word or a phrase is repeated at the ends of successive clauses.
Examples of epiphora are not only found in literary pieces, but debates
and persuasive writings are also rich with epiphora examples.
• Epiphora is an exact counterpart of another figure of speech, anaphora
. An anaphora is repetition of the first part of successive sentences,
whereas in an epiphora repetition occurs in the last part of successive
clauses and sentences. For example, “Every day, every night,
in every way, I am getting better and better” is an example of
anaphora, as the word “every” is repeated in the successive clauses.
• The sentence, “I am an American, he is an American, and everybody
here is an American,” exhibits epiphora, as the repetition is in the last
part of the successive clauses. Despite being different in their
structures, both anaphora and epiphora have the same function of
laying emphasis on a particular point.
• Example #1: The Tempest (By William Shakespeare)
“Hourly joys be still upon you! Juno sings her blessings
on you … Scarcity and want shall shun you, Ceres’ blessing
so is on you.”
Here, Shakespeare wants to convey the importance of “you”
through the use of epiphora.
• Example #2: Romeo and Juliet (By William Shakespeare)
“Fie, fie, thou shamest thy shape, thy love, thy wit,
Which, like a userer, abound’st in all,
And uses none in that true sense indeed
Which should bedeck thy shape, thy love, thy wit.”
• Again, Shakespeare is at his best in using epiphora, as the
phrase “thy shape, thy love, thy wit” comes twice within four
lines. It puts much emphasis on three of Romeo’s attributes.
Friar Laurence is at his best when he speaks this dialogue.
• Example #3: Merchant of Venice (By William Shakespeare)
• BASSANIO:
“Sweet Portia,
If you did know to whom I gave the ring,
If you did know for whom I gave the ring
And would conceive for what I gave the ring
And how unwillingly I left the ring,
When nought would be accepted but the ring,
You would abate the strength of your displeasure.”
• PORTIA:
“If you had known the virtue of the ring,
Or half her worthiness that gave the ring,
Or your own honor to contain the ring,
You would not then have parted with the ring.”
• Shakespeare played with the phrase “the ring” in his famous play The
Merchant of Venice. He makes both of his characters use the same phrase
again and again in their dialogues.
42. The most important sentence in any
essay is ________.

A.The first sentence in the body of

paragraph
B.The thesis sentence in the introduction
C.The final sentence of conclusion
D.The first sentence of the introduction
43. A scene in a short story, a novel, a
narrative poem, or a play that interrupts the
story to show an event that happened earlier
or in the past is known as ____________.

A.Foreshadowing
B.Review
C.Retreat
D.Flashback
• Foreshadowing is a literary device in
which a writer gives an advance hint of
what is to come later in the
story. Foreshadowing often appears at
the beginning of a story, or a chapter, and
it helps the reader develop expectations
about the upcoming events. A writer may
implement foreshadowing in many
different ways.
• literature review is a search and
evaluation of the available literature in
your given subject or chosen topic area. It
documents the state of the art with
respect to the subject or topic you are
writing about. 
• Retreat an act or process of withdrawing
especially from what is difficult,
dangerous, or disagreeable.
• A flashback is an interjected scene that
takes the narrative back in time from the
current point in the story. Flashbacks are
often used to recount events that
happened before the story's primary
sequence of events to fill in crucial
backstory.
44. The glass unicorn in the Glass
Menagerie, the rocking horse in the
rocking-horse Winner, and the road in
Robert Frost’s The Road not Taken are all
examples of_____________.
A.Fable
B.Imagery
C.Subject
D.Symbolism
45. The resolution of the conflict in a story is
known as _________.

A.Denouement
B.Coda
C.Diasporas
D.Epilogue
• a coda [ˈkoːda] (Italian for "tail", plural code) is
a passage that brings a piece (or a movement) to an end.
Technically, it is an expanded cadence. It may be as
simple as a few measures, or as complex as an
entire section.
• Coda (It.) (1) The tail of a note. (2) The bars occasionally
added to a contrapuntal movement after the close or
finish of the canto fermo. (3) The few chords or bars
attached to an infinite canon in order to render it finite; or
a few chords not in a canon, added to a finite canon for
the sake of obtaining a more harmonious conclusion. (4)
That closing adjunct of any movement, or piece, specially
intended to enforce a feeling of completeness and finality
• A diaspora is a scattered population whose
origin lies within a smaller geographic
locale. Diaspora can also refer to the
movement of the population from its
original homeland.
•  Epilogue, a supplementary element in a
literary work. The term epilogue carries
slightly different meanings in nondramatic
and dramatic works. In the former,
the epilogue is the conclusion or final
part that serves typically to round out or
complete the design of the work
46. In fiction, the transformation of a
character from arrogance to humility is
referred to as _________.
A.Catharsis
B.Turning point
C.Realism
D.Mellowing
• Catharsis is an emotional discharge
through which one can achieve a state of 
moral or spiritual renewal, or achieve a
state of liberation from anxiety and stress.
Catharsis is a Greek word meaning
“cleansing.”  In literature, it is used for the
cleansing of emotions of the characters. It
can also be any other radical change that
leads to emotional rejuvenation of a
person.
• turning point or climax is the point of
highest tension in a narrative; it's the most
exciting and revealing part of a story. It
leads the rising action into the falling
action before a story is resolved and
reaches the conclusion.
• Realism is a literary movement that
developed in the middle of the 19th
century in France and then spread like
wildfire throughout the rest of Europe, all
the way to Russia, and then overseas to
the US. Realism, as you might guess by
its title, is all about portraying real life. 
• mellow out, Slang. to become detached
from worry, strife, stress, etc.; relax: After
final exams let's go down to the beach and
mellow out. to make more relaxed,
agreeable, workable, etc.; soften or
smooth: Chopin really mellows me out
when I'm feeling tense.
47. Which of the following is a characteristic
of a formalist’s criticicsm?

A.It is dependent on the writer’s background

B.Criticism is focused on the work itself
C.It is extrinsic in essence
D.Criticism describes the objective of the
author
• Formalist Criticism: This approach regards
literature as “a unique form of human knowledge
that needs to be examined on its own terms.” All
the elements necessary for understanding the
work are contained within the work itself. Of
particular interest to the formalist critic are the
elements of form—style, structure, tone, imagery,
etc.—that are found within the text. A primary
goal for formalist critics is to determine how such
elements work together with the text’s content to
shape its effects upon readers.
• Biographical Criticism: This approach “begins with
the simple but central insight that literature is written
by actual people and that understanding an author’s
life can help readers more thoroughly comprehend the
work.” Hence, it often affords a practical method by
which readers can better understand a text. However,
a biographical critic must be careful not to take the
biographical facts of a writer’s life too far in criticizing
the works of that writer: the biographical critic “focuses
on explicating the literary work by using the insight
provided by knowledge of the author’s life....
[B]iographical data should amplify the meaning of the
text, not drown it out with irrelevant material.”
• Historical Criticism: This approach
“seeks to understand a literary work
by investigating the social, cultural,
and intellectual context that produced
it—a context that necessarily includes
the artist’s biography and milieu.” A
key goal for historical critics is to
understand the effect of a literary
work upon its original readers.
• Gender Criticism: This approach “examines how sexual identity
influences the creation and reception of literary works.” Originally an
offshoot of feminist movements, gender criticism today includes a
number of approaches, including the so-called “masculinist” approach
recently advocated by poet Robert Bly. The bulk of gender criticism,
however, is feminist and takes as a central precept that the patriarchal
attitudes that have dominated western thought have resulted,
consciously or unconsciously, in literature “full of unexamined ‘male-
produced’ assumptions.” Feminist criticism attempts to correct this
imbalance by analyzing and combatting such attitudes—by questioning,
for example, why none of the characters in Shakespeare’s
play Othello ever challenge the right of a husband to murder a wife
accused of adultery. Other goals of feminist critics include “analyzing
how sexual identity influences the reader of a text” and “examin[ing]
how the images of men and women in imaginative literature reflect or
reject the social forces that have historically kept the sexes from
achieving total equality.”
• Psychological Criticism: This approach reflects the effect that modern psychology
has had upon both literature and literary criticism. Fundamental figures in
psychological criticism include Sigmund Freud, whose “psychoanalytic theories
changed our notions of human behavior by exploring new or controversial areas like
wish-fulfillment, sexuality, the unconscious, and repression” as well as expanding
our understanding of how “language and symbols operate by demonstrating their
ability to reflect unconscious fears or desires”; and Carl Jung, whose theories about
the unconscious are also a key foundation of Mythological Criticism.
Psychological criticism has a number of approaches, but in general, it usually
employs one (or more) of three approaches:
– An investigation of “the creative process of the artist: what is the nature of literary genius
and how does it relate to normal mental functions?”
– The psychological study of a particular artist, usually noting how an author’s biographical
circumstances affect or influence their motivations and/or behavior.
– The analysis of fictional characters using the language and methods of psychology.
• Sociological Criticism: This approach “examines literature in the
cultural, economic and political context in which it is written or
received,” exploring the relationships between the artist and society.
Sometimes it examines the artist’s society to better understand the
author’s literary works; other times, it may examine the representation
of such societal elements within the literature itself. One influential type
of sociological criticism is Marxist criticism, which focuses on the
economic and political elements of art, often emphasizing the
ideological content of literature; because Marxist criticism often argues
that all art is political, either challenging or endorsing (by silence) the
status quo, it is frequently evaluative and judgmental, a tendency that
“can lead to reductive judgment, as when Soviet critics rated Jack
London better than William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway, Edith Wharton,
and Henry James, because he illustrated the principles of class struggle
more clearly.” Nonetheless, Marxist criticism “can illuminate political and
economic dimensions of literature other approaches overlook.”
• Mythological Criticism: This approach emphasizes “the recurrent
universal patterns underlying most literary works.” Combining the
insights from anthropology, psychology, history, and comparative
religion, mythological criticism “explores the artist’s common humanity
by tracing how the individual imagination uses myths and symbols
common to different cultures and epochs.” One key concept in
mythlogical criticism is the archetype, “a symbol, character, situation,
or image that evokes a deep universal response,” which entered
literary criticism from Swiss psychologist Carl Jung. According to Jung,
all individuals share a “‘collective unconscious,’ a set of primal
memories common to the human race, existing below each person’s
conscious mind”—often deriving from primordial phenomena such as
the sun, moon, fire, night, and blood, archetypes according to Jung
“trigger the collective unconscious.” Another critic, Northrop Frye,
defined archetypes in a more limited way as “a symbol, usually an
image, which recurs often enough in literature to be recognizable as an
element of one’s literary experience as a whole.” Regardless of the
definition of archetype they use, mythological critics tend to view
literary works in the broader context of works sharing a similar pattern.
• Reader-Response Criticism: This approach takes as a fundamental
tenet that “literature” exists not as an artifact upon a printed page but
as a transaction between the physical text and the mind of a reader. It
attempts “to describe what happens in the reader’s mind while
interpreting a text” and reflects that reading, like writing, is a creative
process. According to reader-response critics, literary texts do not
“contain” a meaning; meanings derive only from the act of individual
readings. Hence, two different readers may derive completely different
interpretations of the same literary text; likewise, a reader who re-reads
a work years later may find the work shockingly different. Reader-
response criticism, then, emphasizes how “religious, cultural, and social
values affect readings; it also overlaps with gender criticism in
exploring how men and women read the same text with different
assumptions.” Though this approach rejects the notion that a single
“correct” reading exists for a literary work, it does not consider all
readings permissible: “Each text creates limits to its possible
interpretations.”
• Deconstructionist Criticism: This approach “rejects the traditional assumption
that language can accurately represent reality.” Deconstructionist critics regard
language as a fundamentally unstable medium—the words “tree” or “dog,” for
instance, undoubtedly conjure up different mental images for different people—
and therefore, because literature is made up of words, literature possesses no
fixed, single meaning. According to critic Paul de Man, deconstructionists insist
on “the impossibility of making the actual expression coincide with what has to
be expressed, of making the actual signs [i.e., words] coincide with what is
signified.” As a result, deconstructionist critics tend to emphasize not what is
being said but how language is used in a text. The methods of this approach
tend to resemble those of formalist criticism, but whereas formalists’ primary
goal is to locate unity within a text, “how the diverse elements of a text cohere
into meaning,” deconstructionists try to show how the text “deconstructs,” “how
it can be broken down ... into mutually irreconcilable positions.” Other goals of
deconstructionists include (1) challenging the notion of authors’ “ownership” of
texts they create (and their ability to control the meaning of their texts) and (2)
focusing on how language is used to achieve power, as when they try to
understand how a some interpretations of a literary work come to be regarded as
“truth.”
48. The person assigned to dictate the
actor’s line if he forgets is called
a/an__________.

A.Prompter
B.Understudy
C.Substitute
D.Assistant
49. A poem that tells a tragic story
iscalled_________.

A.Parable
B.Epic
C.Sonnet
D.Ballad
• Parable a usually short fictitious story that illustrates a moral
attitude or a religious principle. the Biblical parable of the
Good Samaritan ; also : something (such as a news story or
a series of real events) likened to a parable in providing an
instructive example or lesson.  
• Epic is a long,tragic,dignified narrative story about the
adventures of a national hero using elevated language,
speech, and actions. 
• Ballad is a simple narrative verse that tells a story to be
sung or recited
• Sonnet is a rigid fourteen-line lyric poem, usually in rhymed
iambic pentameter;  expresses single theme or idea.
50. What literary device refers to a situation
of poetic justice where the good
characters are rewarded and the evil
character are punished for their vices?
A.Ambiguity
B.Apocalyptic
C.Nemesis
D.Objectivity
• Ambiguity is a type of uncertainty of
meaning in which several interpretations
are plausible. It is thus an attribute of any
idea or statement whose intended
meaning cannot be definitively resolved
according to a rule or process with a finite
number of steps.
• the quality of being open to more than one
interpretation; inexactness.
• Apocalyptic literature is a genre of
prophetical writing that developed in post-
Exilic Jewish culture and was popular
among millennialist early Christians.
• means relating to or
involving predictions about futuredisasters
 and the destruction of the world.
• nemesis is a person or thing that is very
difficult for them to defeat. (a cause of)
punishment or defeat that is deserved and
cannot be avoided:
• objectivity means the state or quality of
being true even outside a subject's
individual biases, interpretations, feelings,
and imaginings.
51. “It’s no wonder everyone refers to Mary
as another Mother Theresa in the making;
she loves to help and care after people
everywhere from the streets to her own
friends”, is an example of a/an________.
A. Metaphor
B.Irony
C.Allusion
D.Historical paradox
•  allusion is a figure of speech that makes a
reference to a place, person, or event. This
can be real or imaginary and may refer to
anything, including fiction, folklore,
historical events, or religious manuscripts.
The reference can be direct or may be
inferred, and can broaden the reader’s
understanding.
• “I was surprised his nose was not growing like Pinocchio’s.” This refers to
the story of Pinocchio, where his nose grew whenever he told a lie. It is
from The Adventures of Pinocchio, written by Carlo Collodi. 
• “When she lost her job, she acted like a Scrooge, and refused to buy
anything that wasn’t necessary.” Scrooge was an extremely stingy
character from Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol. 
• “I thought the software would be useful, but it was a Trojan Horse.” This
refers to the tale in Homer's Iliad where the Greeks built a large, hollow
wooden horse to hide soldiers in. It was given as a gift to the enemy during
the Trojan War and, once inside the enemy's walls, the soldiers broke out.
By using trickery, the Greeks won the war.
• “He was a real Romeo with the ladies.” Romeo, the lead character in
Shakespeare’s play, Romeo and Juliet, is considered to be a true romantic
hero, and won over Juliet against her family's wishes.  
• “Chocolate was her Achilles’ heel.” This means that her weakness was her
love of chocolate. Achilles is a character in Greek mythology who was
thought to be invincible. His mother dipped him in magical water when he
was a baby, and she held him by the heel. So his heel was the only part of
him not protected by the magic. 
• A paradox is a statement or problem that
either appears to produce two entirely
contradictory (yet possible) outcomes, or
provides proof for something that goes
against what we intuitively expect.
• "We used to call her Jimmy Stewart,
because he was the greatest American in
pain in the history of film.
• A paradox is used to challenge the mind and make you think about the
statement in a new way. A paradox is often used to intrigue and
question common thoughts. Take the statement "Less is more." This
statement uses two opposite words that contradict one another. How
can less be more? The concept behind this statement is that what is
less complicated is often more appreciated.
examples of paradoxical statements are:
• You can save money by spending it.
• I know one thing; that I know nothing.
• This is the beginning of the end.
• Deep down, you're really shallow.
• I'm a compulsive liar.
• “Men work together whether they work together or apart.” - Robert
Frost
•  "What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young." - George
Bernard Shaw
• "I can resist anything but temptation." - Oscar Wilde
52.The funeral home was built to a
children’s nursery is an example of
_________.

A.Oxymoron
B.Metaphor
C.Juxtaposition
D.Paradox
• Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which
two opposite ideas are joined to create an
effect. The commonoxymoron phrase is a
combination of an adjective proceeded by
a noun with contrasting meanings, such as
“cruel kindness,” or “living death”.
However, the contrasting words/phrases
are not always glued together.
53. “Debit card and Bad credit,” “The
earthquake and the queer shake,” are
examples of ___________.

A.Anagrams
B.Puns
C.Contracts
D.Oxymoron’s
• Anagrams are an extremely popular form of literary
device wherein the writer jumbles up parts of the word to
create a new word. From the syllables of a phrase to the
individual letters of a word, any fraction can be jumbled
to create a new form. Anagram is a form of wordplay that
allows the writer to infuse mystery and a little interactive
fun in the writing so that the reader can decipher the
actual word on their own and discover a depth of
meaning to the writing.
• Example: 
• An anagram for "debit card" is "bad credit". As you can
see, both phrases use the same letters. By mixing the
letters a bit of humor is created.
A pun is a joke that makes a play on words. A pun, also called 
paronomasia, uses words that have several meanings or
words that sound similar but have different meanings.
Santa’s helpers are known as subordinate Clauses.
She had a photographic memory but never developed it.
The two pianists had a good marriage. They always were in a
chord.
I was struggling to figure out how lightning works then it struck
me.
I really wanted a camouflage shirt, but I couldn't find one
.The grammarian was very logical. He had a lot of comma
sense.
54. Read the stanza and answer the item that follows:
In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeoning of chance
My head is bloody, but unbowed
“My head is bloody, but unbowed” is an example of
which figure of speech?
A.Onomatopeia
B.Alliteration
C.Simile
D.Metaphor
55. The words spoken by an actor to the
people watching a play that the characters
in the play do not hear is called
a/an________.

A.Lines
B.Monologue
C.Aside
D.Symbolic narrative
a monologue is a speech presented by a single
character, most often to express their mental
thoughts aloud, though sometimes also to directly
address another character or the audience.
aside is a dramatic device in which a character
speaks to the audience. By convention the
audience is to realize that the character's speech
is unheard by the other characters on stage. It
may be addressed to the audience expressly (in
character or out) or represent an unspoken
thought.
• It's a narrative that stands symbolically
for something else. For example, Little Red
Riding Hood could be a symbol of
innocence.
56. What figure of speech is “ O wild, west
wind”

A.Apostrophe
B.Hyperbole
C.Irony
D.Metaphor
57. The Trojan War can be seen today as
________.

A.Women’s empowerment
B.The war over lands and boundaries
C.Men’s exhibition of grief
D.The reign of political dynasty
• The Trojan War is probably one of the
most important events that have been
narrated in Greek mythology. It was a war
that broke out between the Achaeans
 (the Greeks) and the city of Troy. The
best known narration of this event is the
epic poem Iliad, written by Homer.
58. The myths of the Greeks reflect _________.

A.A view of the universe that acknowledge the

mystery and beauty of humanity
B.That humans are the center of the universe
C.That humans and gods live alike
D.A less strange and frightening magic than
the myths of other ancient civilizations
59. Si Malakas at Maganda is a famous
Filipino _________.

A.Legend
B.Folktale
C.Creation myth
D.Story
• Legend is a story from the past that is believed
by many people but cannot be proved to be
true. : a famous or important person who is
known for doing something extremely well.
• A Folktale or folk tale is folklore genre that
typically consists of a story passed down from
generation to generation orally. These kinds of
stories were meant to give an explanation to
things people did not understand, discipline
children or to simply pass the time.
• A creation myth (or cosmogonic myth) is
a symbolic narrative of how the world
began and how people first came to
inhabit it. While in popular usage the term
myth often refers to false or fanciful
stories, members of cultures often ascribe
varying degrees of truth to their creation
myths.
60. Maria Makiling is a famous
Filipino_________.

A.Folktale
B.Legend
C.Myth
D.Fairy tale
61. In Greek mythology, who was the hero
who sailed in the long ship Argo to search
for the Golden Fleece?

A.Ulysses
B.Achilles
C.Paris
D.Jason
• The legendary Greek hero, Odysseus was
the king of Ithaca, a small island in the
Ionian sea, where he lived with his
wife Penelope. He was known to Romans
as Ulysses. After fighting the war against
the city of Troy with the Greeks, he started
his journey home. His sailing journey was
obstructed by the sea god Poseidon.
• Paris was the son of King Priam and
Queen Hecuba of Troy, who eloped with
Helen, queen of Sparta, thus causing the
events that led to the Trojan War. Before
he was born, Hecuba saw a dream in
which her child was a flaming torch.
• Jason ) was an ancient Greek mythological hero who was the
leader of the Argonauts whose quest for the Golden
Fleece featured in Greek literature. He was the son of Aeson,
the rightful king of Iolcos. He was married to the
sorceress Medea. He was also the great-grandson of the
messenger god Hermes, through his mother's side.
• Jason appeared in various literary works in the classical
world of Greece and Rome, including the epic
poem Argonautica and the tragedy Medea. In the modern world,
Jason has emerged as a character in various adaptations of his
myths, such as the 1963 film Jason and the Argonauts and the
2000 TV miniseries of the same name.
• Jason has connections outside the classical world, being the
mythical founder of the city of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia.
62. Who was the mythical strong man
punished by the gods for stealing fire?

A.Jason
B.Ulysses
C.Medes
D.Hercules
• The Medes were an ancient Iranian people
who lived in an area known as Media and
who spoke the Median language.
• In Greek mythology, Prometheus is a
Titan, culture hero, and trickster figure
who is credited with the creation
of man from clay, and who defies
the gods by stealing fire and giving it to
humanity, an act that enabled progress
and civilization. Prometheus is known for
his intelligence and as a champion of
mankind.
63. Which of the following lines from the peom “Vulture” by
Chinua Achebe, represents a miserable or bleak scene?
“In the grayness
And drizzle of one despondent
Dawn unstirred by harbingers
Of sun break a vulture
Perching high on
Broken bones a dead tree…”

A. Dawn unstirred by harbingers

B.Of sun break a vulture
C.In the grayness
D.Broken bones and dead tree
64. What is revealed in the following lines taken from the
poem, “ The Answer.” By Bei Dao?
Debasement is the password of the base
Nobility the epitaphof the noble
See how the glided sky is covered
With the dritting, twisted shadows of the dead

A.Condemned voices of the suppressed

B.Slavery as a pressing concern I societies
C.Disparity between the rich and the poor
D.High disposition enjoyed by the aristocrats
65. What message is expressed in the first line
of th poem by Rabindranath Tagore entitled
“Mind is without fear?”
“Where the mind is is without fear
And the head is held high;
Where knowledgeis free;”

A.Only a fearless mind can hold its head upright

B.There must be unity in diversity
C.Bravery is better than cowardice
D.Liberation isbest achieved by force
66. Egyptian literature is identified as
________ literature.

A.Mediterranean
B.Middle eastern
C.Asian
D.African
67. The FENCE in the story written by Jose
Garcia Villa refers to ________.
A.Free standing structure designed to
restrict movement across a boundary
B.Represents the distance between two
families
C.Walls representing hindrances that
separate the families
D.Protection from intrusion of other people
• They should have stood apart, away from
each other, those two nipa houses. There
should have been a lofty impenetrable wall
between them, so that they should not
stare so coldly, so starkly, at each other—
just staring, not saying a word, not even a
cruel word. Only a yard of parched soil
separated them, a yard of brittle-crusted
earth with only a stray weed or two to
show there was life still in its bosom
68. Read the excerpt below, and then answer the question.
“Are you insulting my poor father? He gives me a
piece of sodden land?
Impossible! Oh if he were to know what sort of son-
in-law he was getting, he would
Have made a wise decision. But I shall have a better
son-in-law who’ll not depend on his wife’s dowry.”
What is revealed in the character of the one who
utters the above lines?
A.she acted as an over-protective mother
B.she loved her father very much
C.she wanted a good son-in-law
D.she regretted marrying her husband
69. Who is the Chinese leader whose essays
and poems depicted the totalitarian rule in
China and advocated a revolutionary
movement?

A.Chou en Lai
B.Lao-Tze
C.Mao Tze-Tung
D.Confucius
• Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of
China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January
1976. Zhou served along with Chairman Mao Zedong and
was instrumental in the Communist Party's rise to power, and
later in consolidating its control, forming foreign policy, and
developing the Chinese economy.
• A skilled and able diplomat, Zhou served as the
Chinese foreign minister from 1949 to 1958.
Advocating peaceful coexistence with the West after the
stalemated Korean War, he participated in the 1954 Geneva
Conference and the 1955 Bandung Conference, and helped
orchestrate Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China. He helped
devise policies regarding the bitter disputes with the U.S.,
Taiwan, the Soviet Union (after 1960), India and Vietnam.
• Laozi (also Lao-Tzu /ˈlaʊˈdzʌ/[1] or Lao-Tze; Chinese:  老
子 ; pinyin: Lǎozǐ, literally "Old Master") was an ancient Chinese
philosopher and writer. He is known as the reputed author of
the Tao Te Ching,the founder of philosophical Taoism, and
a deity in religious Taoism and traditional Chinese religions.
• A semi-legendary figure, Laozi was usually portrayed as a 6th-
century BCE contemporary of Confucius, but most modern
historians consider him to have lived during the Warring States
period of the 5th or 4th century BCE.A central figure in Chinese
culture, Laozi is claimed by both the emperors of the Tang
dynasty and modern people of the Li surname as a founder of
their lineage. Laozi's work has been embraced by both
various anti-authoritarian movements as well as Chinese
Legalism.
• Mao commonly known as Chairman Mao,
was a Chinese communist revolutionary,
poet, political theorist and founding
father of the People's Republic of China,
which he ruled as the Chairman of the
Communist Party of China from its
establishment in 1949 until his death in
1976. His theories, military strategies, and
political policies are collectively known
as Maoism.
• Confucius  was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician,
and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese
history.
• The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism,
emphasized personal and governmental morality,
correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. His
followers competed successfully with many other schools
during the Hundred Schools of Thought era only to be
suppressed in favor of the Legalists during the Qin Dynasty.
Following the victory of Han over Chu after the collapse of
Qin, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction and were
further developed into a system known in the West as Neo-
Confucianism, and later New Confucianism (Modern Neo-
Confucianism).
70. What traditional Japanese poem consists of
three lines totaling only seventeen syllables
and treats the world in its natural setting?
Example: “A bead of water
Clinging to a willow branch
The first drop of rain.”
A.Tanka
B.Sintaishi
C.Haikai
D.Haiku
• Tanka ( 短歌 , "short poem") is a genre of classical Japanese
poetry and one of the major genres of Japanese literature.

• Form
• Tanka consist of five units (often treated as separate lines
when romanized or translated) usually with the following
pattern of on (often treated as, roughly, the number of
syllables per unit or line):
• 5-7-5-7-7.
• The 5-7-5 is called the kami-no-ku ( 上 の 句 , "upper
phrase"), and the 7-7 is called the shimo-no-ku ( 下 の 句 ,
"lower phrase").
• A syllable is a part of a word pronounced as a unit.  It
is usually made up of a vowel alone or a vowel with
one or more consonants.  The word "Haiku" has two
syllables:  Hai-ku; the word "introduction" has four
syllables:  in-tro-duc-tion.
• "Haiku" is a traditional form of Japanese poetry. 
Haiku poems consist of 3 lines.  The first and last
lines of a Haiku have 5 syllables and the middle line
has 7 syllables.  The lines rarely rhyme.
• Here's a Haiku to help you remember:
• I am first with five
Then seven in the middle --
Five again to end.
• Because Haikus are such short poems, they are
usually written about things that are recognizable to
the reader.  Animals and seasons are examples of
recognizable topics children might enjoy exploring.
71. What is the oldest Indian document of
Sanskrit literature that consists of 1, 028
hymns recited in solemn rituals?

A.Mahabharata
B.Upanishads
C.Ramayana
D.Rig Veda
• The Mahābhārata  is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient
India, the other being the Rāmāyaṇa.
• The Mahābhārata is an epic narrative of the Kurukṣetra War and the
fates of the Kaurava and the Pāṇḍava princes. It also
contains philosophical and devotional material, such as a discussion of
the four "goals of life" or puruṣārtha (12.161).
• Among the principal works and stories in the Mahābhārata are
the Bhagavad Gita, the story of Damayanti, an abbreviated version of
the Rāmāyaṇa, and the story of Ṛṣyasringa, often considered as works
in their own right.
• Traditionally, the authorship of the Mahābhārata is attributed to Vyāsa.
There have been many attempts to unravel its historical growth and
compositional layers. The oldest preserved parts of the text are
thought to be not much older than around 400 BCE, though the origins
of the epic probably fall between the 8th and 9th centuries BCE.
[2] The text probably reached its final form by the early Gupta
period (c. 4th century CE).
• The title may be translated as "the great tale of the Bhārata dynasty".
According to the Mahābhārata itself, the tale is extended from a
shorter version of 24,000 verses called simply Bhārata.
• The upanishads, a part of the Vedas, are ancient Sanskrit texts
that contain some of the central philosophical concepts and ideas
of Hinduism, some of which are shared with Buddhism,
and Jainism.[1][2][note 1][note 2]Among the most important
literature in the history of Indian religions and culture, the
Upanishads played an important role in the development of
spiritual ideas in ancient India, marking a transition from Vedic
ritualism to new ideas and institutions.[5] Of all Vedic literature,
the Upanishads alone are widely known, and their central ideas
are at the spiritual core of Hindus.
• The Upanishads are commonly referred to as Vedānta. Vedanta
has been interpreted as the "last chapters, parts of the Veda" and
alternatively as "object, the highest purpose of the Veda".[7] The
concepts of Brahman (ultimate reality) and Ātman (soul, self) are
central ideas in all of the Upanishads,and "know that you are the
Ātman" is their thematic focus. Along with the Bhagavad Gita and
the Brahmasutra, the mukhya Upanishads (known collectively as
the Prasthanatrayi) provide a foundation for the several later
schools of Vedanta, among them, two influential monistic schools
of Hinduism.
• Ramayana is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine
prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana. Along with
the Mahabharata, it forms the SanskritItihasa.
• The epic, traditionally ascribed to the Hindu sage Valmiki, narrates the life of Rama,
the legendary prince of the Kosala Kingdom. It follows his fourteen-year exile to the
forest from the kingdom, by his father King Dasharatha, on request of his second
wife Kaikeyi. His travels across forests in India with his wife Sita and
brother Lakshmana, the kidnapping of his wife by Ravana, the demon king of Lanka,
resulting in a war with him, and Rama's eventual return to Ayodhya to be crowned
king.
• The Ramayana is one of the largest ancient epics in world literature. It consists of
nearly 24,000 verses (mostly set in the Shloka meter), divided into seven Kandas
(books) and about 500 sargas (chapters). In Hindu tradition, it is considered to be
the adi-kavya (first poem). It depicts the duties of relationships, portraying ideal
characters like the ideal father, the ideal servant, the ideal brother, the ideal wife
and the ideal king. Ramayana was an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry
and Hindu life and culture. Like Mahabharata, Ramayana is not just a story: it
presents the teachings of ancient Hindu sages in narrative allegory, interspersing
philosophical and ethical elements.
• The characters Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata, Hanuman, Shatrughna,
and Ravana are all fundamental to the cultural consciousness of India, Nepal, Sri
Lanka and south-east Asian countries such
as Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia.
• There are many versions of Ramayana in Indian languages, besides Buddhist, Sikh
and Jain adaptations. There are
also Cambodian, Indonesian, Filipino, Thai, Lao, Burmese and Malaysian versions of
the tale.
• The Vedas (veda, "knowledge") are a large body of knowledge texts
originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit,
the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the
oldest scriptures of Hinduism. Hindus consider the Vedas to be apauruṣeya,
which means "not of a man, superhuman” and "impersonal, authorless".
• Vedas are also called śruti ("what is heard") literature, distinguishing them
from other religious texts, which are called smṛti ("what is remembered").
The Veda, for orthodox Indian theologians, are considered revelations seen
by ancient sages after intense meditation, and texts that have been more
carefully preserved since ancient times.
•  In the Hindu Epic the Mahabharata, the creation of Vedas is credited
to Brahma. The Vedic hymns themselves assert that they were skillfully
created by Rishis (sages), after inspired creativity, just as a carpenter
builds a chariot.
• There are four Vedas: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda and
the Atharvaveda
• The Rigveda (rig "praise,
shine" and veda "knowledge") is an
ancient Indiancollection of Vedic
Sanskrit hymns. It is one of the four canonical
sacred texts (śruti) of Hinduism known as
the Vedas.The text is a collection of 1,028
hymns and 10,600 verses, organized into ten
books (Mandalas). A good deal of the
language is still obscure and many hymns as
a consequence are unintelligible.
72. The application of social and behavioral
science research method to the practice of
journalism is called _________.

A.Precision journalism
B.Modern journalism
C.Contemporary journalism
D.New journalism
73. In journalism, copy refers to ________.

A.Any piece of material that makes it to print

B.The writers name as it appears in the story
C.The word for a headline
D.The belief that what someone says is true
74. The organization of an editorial follows more or less the
following arrangement marked by Roman numerals:
I. __________
II.Argument
III.Argument
IV.Argument
V.Argument
VI.Course of action
What should be contained in the first Roman numeral?

A.Lead sentence expressing the facts

B.Topic sentence that states the opinion
C.Position of the newspaper regarding the issue
D.Statement of the newspaper editorial policy
75. What periodical publication contains
accounts of current events, information,
articles, and diverse features?

A.Brochure
B.Newspaper
C.Journal
D.Magazine
• A brochure is an informative paper document
(often also used for advertising) that can be
folded into a template, pamphlet or leaflet.
• A newspaper is a periodical publication
containing written information about current
events.Newspapers can cover wide variety of
fields such as politics, business, sport and art
and often include materials such as opinion
columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local
services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords,
editorial
• A journal has several related meanings: a record of
events or business; a private journal is usually
referred to as a diary; a newspaper or other periodical,
in the literal sense of one published each day; many
publications issued at stated intervals, such as
academic journals
• A magazine is a publication, usually a periodical
publication, which is printed or electronically
publishedMagazines are generally published on a
regular schedule and contain a variety of content. They
are generally financed by advertising, by a purchase
price, by prepaid subscriptions, or a combination of the
three. 
76. A word can have associated mental
images and feelings. Often these cannot
be found by consulting a dictionary. These
are referred to as_______.

A.Co-reference
B.Collocation
C.Denotation
D.Connotation
• Collocation refers to how words go
together or form fixed relationships.
(juxtaposition)
• In linguistics, coreference, sometimes
written co-reference, occurs when two or
more expressions in a text refer to the
same person or thing; they have the same
referent, e.g. Bill said he would come; the
proper noun Bill and the pronoun he refer
to the same person, namely to Bill.
• Denotation is a translation of a sign to its
meaning, precisely to its literal meaning,
more or less like dictionaries try to define
it. Denotation is sometimes contrasted to
connotation, which includes associated
meanings.
• The denotation of this example is a red
rose with a green stem. The connotation is
that it is a symbol of passion and love –
this is what the rose represents.
• Connotation is the associated or
secondary meaning of a word or
expression in addition to its explicit or
primary meaning: A
possible connotation of “home” is “a
place of warmth, comfort, and affection.”.
• the act of connoting; the suggesting of an
additional meaning for a word or
expression, apart from its explicit
meaning.
77. Which refers to concepts that include
choice of words, elegance of construction,
punctuation consideration, and length of
entries?

A.Preferences
B.Style
C.Subjectivity
D.Strategies
writing style is the manner of expressing thought in language
characteristic of an individual, period, school, or nation.Beyond the
essential elements of spelling, grammar, and punctuation, writing
style is the choice of words, sentence structure,
and paragraph structure, used to convey the meaning
effectively.The former are referred to
as rules, elements, essentials, mechanics, or handbook; the latter
are referred to as style, or rhetoric.The rules are about what a writer
does; style is about how the writer does it. While following the rules
drawn from established English usage, a writer has great flexibility
in how to express a concept.The point of good writing style is to
• express the message to the reader simply, clearly, and convincingly;
• keep the reader attentive, engaged, and interested;
not to
• display the writer’s personality;
• demonstrate the writer’s skills, knowledge, or abilities;
78. What kind of linguistics studies how
languages are constructed?

A.Descriptive
B.Theoretical
C.Historical
D.Applied
Descriptive linguistics is the study of
the description of
the internal phonological, grammatical,
and semantic structures of languages at
given points in time without reference to
their histories or to one another
• Theoretical linguists are most
concerned with constructing models
of linguistic knowledge, and ultimately
developing a linguistic theory. The fields
that are generally considered the core
oftheoretical linguistics are phonology,
morphology, syntax, and semantics.
• Historical linguistics, also called
diachronic linguistics, is the scientific
study of language change over time.
Principal concerns of historical
linguistics include: to describe and
account for observed changes in particular
languages.
• the study of the history and development
of languages.
• Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field
of linguistics which identifies, investigates, and
offers solutions to language-related real-life
problems. Some of the academic fields related
to applied linguistics are education,
psychology, communication research,
anthropology, and sociology.
• refers to a broad range of activities which
involve solving some language-related problem
or addressing some language-related concern.
79. The character who contrasts with
another character is a/an _________.

A.Support
B.Villain
C.Antagonist
D.Foil
• In fiction, a foil is a character who
contrasts with another character —usually
the protagonist— to highlight particular
qualities of the other character. In some
cases, a subplot can be used as a foil to
the main plot. This is especially true in the
case of metafiction and the "story within a
story" motif.
80. Which is an approach to literature and the
other arts that stresses reason, balance,
clarity, ideal beauty and orderly form in
imitation of the arts of ancient Greece and
Romans?

a. Realism
b. Romanticism
c. Classicism
d. Imaginism
• Realism is a literary movement that
developed in the middle of the 19th
century in France and then spread like
wildfire throughout the rest of Europe, all
the way to Russia, and then overseas to
the US. Realism, as you might guess by
its title, is all about portraying real life. 
• Romanticism, first defined as an
aesthetic in literary criticism around 1800,
gained momentum as an artistic
movement in France and Britain in the
early decades of the nineteenth century
and flourished until mid-century. Discusses
human and beauty of nature / human
subjectivity and its expression and
exaltation of nature
• Classicism is the following of ancient Greek or Roman
principles and style in art and literature, generally
associated with harmony, restraint, and adherence to
recognized standards of form and craftsmanship,
especially from the Renaissance to the 18th century.
• the following of traditional and long-established
theories or styles.
• refers generally to a high regard for a classical period,
classical antiquity in the Western tradition, as setting
standards for taste which the classicists seek to
emulate.
• Mostly roman and greek classics
• Imaginism was a poetic flow inside
Russian avant-garde which came about
after the Revolution of 1917.
• The creative minds and creating unusual
images
81. The statement “Once upon a time in a
distant land” exemplifies the _______________

a. setting of the story

b. place of the setting
c. time of the setting
d. local color
82. Which benefit is derived from literature as
we engage ourselves in a continuing process
of refining our capabilities to the language
and our sensibilities to good language use?

a. Wisdom
b. Exploration of a world view
c. Cultural function
d. Language enhancement
83. Which is an early 20th century movement in
literature and the arts that broke with
traditional forms, conventions, and
expectations, challenging accepted notions of
the relationship between art and everyday life
and experimenting with new techniques and
new modes of representing reality?

a. Modernism
b. Scientific realism
c. Postmodernism
d. Realism
84. The curriculum goes through the stages
of curriculum planning, implementation and
evaluation. The production of instructional
material falls under ____

a. curriculum planning and implementation

b. curriculum planning and evaluation
c. curriculum planning
d. curriculum evaluation
85. As important step in ensuring the
relevance of the instructional materials to
the rest of the curriculum is to keep a list of
__________

a. policies issued by DepEd

b. goals and objectives of the curriculum
c. provisions in the constitution of the PTA
d. visions and missions of the school
86. In which literary period was poem
analysis done within the framework of
human subjectivity and its expression and
exaltation of nature?

a. Naturalism
b. Realism
c. Neoclassicism
d. Romanticism
• Romanticism, first defined as an
aesthetic in literary criticism around 1800,
gained momentum as an artistic
movement in France and Britain in the
early decades of the nineteenth century
and flourished until mid-century.
•  Neoclassical literature was written
between 1660 and 1798. This time period
is broken down into three parts: the
Restoration period, the Augustan period,
and the Age of Johnson. Writers of
the Neoclassical period tried to imitate
the style of the Romans and Greeks.
• Naturalism is a literary genre that
started as a movement in late nineteenth
century in literature, film, theater, and
art. It is a type of extreme realism. ...
Thus, naturalistic writers write stories
based on the idea that environment
determines and governs human character.
87. “Shall I compare thee to summer’s day?” this
sonnet to William Shakespeare may be interpreted
in terms of its allusion to the beauty of nature its
metaphor, and the feelings that nature and
human nature evoke upon the reader. Which
literary movement advocated this critical
approach?

a. Empiricism
b. Realism
c. Neoclassicism
d. Romanticism
88. Which literary movement is
characterized by the avoidance of what
fantastical, imaginary, and mythical or
supernatural?

a. Naturalism
b. Realism
c. Neoclassicism
d. Romanticism
89. Which emphasizes the hereditary
psychological components of characters and
experimenting the connections between
human psychology and external environment?

a. Naturalism
b. Realism
c. Neoclassicism
d. Romanticism
90. As an extreme form of Realism, which
literary movement emphasizes the use of the
methods of the physical sciences and
principles of causality, using highly detailed
methods of description to present the natural
occurrences of things in the literary text?

a. Enlightenment
b. Naturalism
c. Magic Realism
d. Romanticism
91. Known as the era of “decadence” which
literary movement was a reaction against
realism and naturalism, and highly
structured poetry?

a. Aestheticism
b. Enlightenment
c. Classicism
d. Symbolism
• Symbolism is the use of symbols to
signify ideas and qualities, by giving
them symbolic meanings that are
different from their literal
sense. Symbolism can take different
forms. Generally, it is an object
representing another, to give an entirely
different meaning that is much deeper and
more significant.
92. Which literary movement rejected the
idea that language was referential, or that
the signifiers automatically refer to their
accurate signified?

a.Naturalism
b. Realism
c. Post-Modernism
d. Symbolism
93. Which literary movement emphasizes a
more suggestive, allusive, and connotative
language that would enrich and evoke
feelings of awareness and aesthetic
experience?

a.Naturalism
b.Realism
c. Post-Modernism
d. Symbolism
94. Which literary movement states that the
art exists for its own sake, or for the sake of
beauty, disregarding moral or political
considerations, and advocating the freedom
of art from didactic, educational, and
moralistic functions?

a.Aestheticism
b. Renaissance
c. Humanism
d.Structuralism
• Aestheticism, late 19th-century
European arts movement which centred on
the doctrine that art exists for the sake of
its beauty alone, and that it need serve no
political, didactic, or other purpose.
95. Which literary movement would give productive
interpretations and criticism of Jose Garcia Villa’s
comma or punctuation poems?

“In, my, undream, of, death,

I, unspoken, the Word.
Since, nobody, had, dared,
With, my, own, breath,
I, broke, the, cord!

a. Aestheticism
b. Structuralism
c. Realism
d. Symbolism
96. Which of the following qualities does not
describe a teacher in the preparation,
selection and utilization of instructional
materials?

a.Creative
b. Fashionable
c. Resourceful
d. Culture-sensitive
97. The following materials are used to
activate students’ schema or prior
knowledge except ________

a. opinionaire
b. anticipation guide
c. story impression
d. story star
98. In K to 12 curriculum, which two types of texts
are prescribed to facilitate and enrich learning?
•
I. Literary text as primary text
II. Informative text as parallel text
III. Literary text as parallel text
Iv. Informative text as primary text

a.I and III

b.I and II
c. II and IV
d.III and IV
99. One prime consideration of instructional
materials’ use is to link materials to the
__________

a. curriculum
b. current issues
c. policies
d. textbook board
100. Who among the following teachers is doing
formative assessment?

a. Mr. Anudin who asked series of questions in the

middle of the lecture to determine if students
understood the concepts
b. Mr. Oamil who gave a test at the end of the grading
period to determine if the goals of the program are
met
c. Ms. Parungao who gave a test to determine what
students know before the unit begins
d. Mr. Clarin who gave a test at the end of the semester
to determine if the course outcomes are met.
101. Which among the list of activities below
should be least prioritized or used in an ESP
class?

a.Simulation
b.Case Studies
c.Feasibility Studies
d.Research
101. Which type is an example of an ESP
needs analysis?

a. Psychoanalysis
b. Advocacy Analysis
c. Material-based analysis
d. Target Situation Analysis
102. The following statements characterize ESP in the
context of English language teaching, EXCEPT ____.

a. It is designed to meet specified needs of the

learner.
b. It is related in the content to particular disciplines,
occupations and activities
c. It is centered on the language appropriate to
those activities in syntax, lexis, discourse,
semantics, etc. and analysis of this discourse.
d. it is in contrast with General English
103. Which is an example of a course for
English for Occupational Purposes (EOP)?

a. English for counseling

b. English for Classroom Application
c. English for Technicians
d. English for Social Advocacy
104. Which of the following K to 12 features of
English language teaching in secondary level
is NOT true?

a. Focus on common areas in difficulty in

grammar
b. Sequential teaching in language forms
c. Common errors included in standard and
international English proficiency tests.
d. Use of literary and informative texts
105. The following statements are TRUE about
sentence structure EXCEPT ________.

a. Two words (lexis) that belong to the same category

(lexical category) can substitute each other in a
sentence.
b. Each word has a limitless range of possible
functions.
c. There are restrictions on how the words can
combine to form grammatical phrases.
d. Lexical categories can expand into bigger strings of
words called “phrasal categories”
106. The following are basic simple sentence
patterns in English EXCEPT _________.

a. subject + verb
b. subject + verb + object
c. subject + verb + indirect object + direct
object
d. subject + object + verb
107. What device did Ovid use in the excerpt
“And Icarus, his son, stood by and watched
him/ Not knowing he was dealing with his
downfall/ Stood by and watched, and raised
his shiny face/ To boy will, always/ Whenever
a father tried to get some work done”?
a. Flashback
b. Frame Story
c. Foreshadowing
d. Epiphany
• A flashback is an interjected scene that
takes the narrative back in time from the
current point in the story. Flashbacks are
often used to recount events that
happened before the story's primary
sequence of events to fill in crucial
backstory.
• Frame story is a story set within
a story, narrative, or movie, told by the
main or the supporting character. A
character starts telling a story to other
characters, or he sits down to write
a story, telling the details to the audience.
• Foreshadowing is a literary device in
which a writer gives an advance hint of
what is to come later in the
story. Foreshadowing often appears at
the beginning of a story, or a chapter, and
it helps the reader develop expectations
about the upcoming events. A writer may
implement foreshadowing in many
different ways.
• Derived from the Greek word
epiphaneia, epiphany
means “appearance,” or “manifestation.”
In literaryterms, an epiphany is that
moment in the story where a character
achieves realization, awareness, or a
feeling of knowledge, after which events
are seen through the prism of this new
light in the story.
108. The short poem describes the _______.

a.onset of night
b.high noon
c.rising of sun
d.spread of moonlight
109. A word that means “a shelter or
protection from danger or distress” is ______.

a.night
b.Wings
c.Refuge
d.plumes
110. In mythology, Zeus, the ruler of
Olympus had two brothers: one who ruled
the sea and the other who ruled the
underworld. The two were ______.

a.Apollo and Artemis

b.Hermes and Ares
c.Poseidon and hades
d.Achilles and Aeschylus
111. Three monstrous sisters with snakes for
hair, teeth like the tusks of a wild boar,
hands of brass and bodies covered with
impenetrable scales. They turned to stone all
who looked on them. The most famous of the
three was Medusa. Which is described?

a.Gigantes
b.Gorgons
c.Furies
d.Fates
• In Greek and Roman Mythology, the
Giants, also called Gigantes were a race of
great strength and aggression, though not
necessarily of great size, known for the
Gigantomachy (Gigantomachia), their
battle with the Olympian gods.
• Gorgon, monster figure in Greek
mythology. Homer spoke of a single Gorgon—
a monster of the underworld. The later Greek
poet Hesiod increased the number of Gorgons
to three—Stheno (the Mighty), Euryale (the
Far Springer), and Medusa (the Queen)—and
made them the daughters of the sea god
Phorcys and of his sister-wife Ceto. The Attic
tradition regarded the Gorgon as a monster
produced by Gaea, the personification of
Earth, to aid her sons against the gods.
• Furies. Furies, Greek Erinyes, also called
Eumenides, in Greco-Roman mythology,
the chthonic goddesses of vengeance.
They were probably personified curses, but
possibly they were originally conceived of
as ghosts of the murdered.
• The Moirai or Fates were three sister deities,
incarnations of destiny and life. Their names
were Clotho, the one who spins the thread of
life; Lachesis, she who draws the lots and
determines how long one lives, by measuring the
thread of life; and Atropos, the inevitable, she who
chose how someone dies by cutting the thread of
life with her shears. They were often described as
being ugly and old women, stern and severe.
Three days after a child was born, it was thought
that the Moirai would visit the house to determine
the child's fate and life.
112. Son of Zeus and Alcmene, he was
renowned for his superhuman strength and
courage. Sometimes called Alcides, he is often
represented with a bow or cub wearing a lion
skin. Who is referred to?

a.Oedipus
b.Androcles
c.Odyseus
d.Hercules or Heracles
• Oedipus Rex, also known by its Greek title, Oedipus
Tyrannus (Ancient Greek: Οἰδίπους Τύραννος IPA: [oidípuːs
týranːos]), or Oedipus the King, is
an Athenian tragedy by Sophocles that was first performed
around 429 BC.Originally, to the ancient Greeks, the title was
simply Oedipus (Οἰδίπους), as it is referred to by Aristotle in
the Poetics. It is thought to have been renamed Oedipus
Tyrannus to distinguish it from Oedipus at Colonus. In antiquity,
the term “tyrant” referred to a ruler, but it did not necessarily
have a negative connotation.
• Of his three Theban plays that have survived, and that deal with
the story of Oedipus, Oedipus Rex was the second to be written.
However, in terms of the chronology of events that the plays
describe, it comes first, followed by Oedipus at Colonus and
then Antigone.
• Androcles (Greek: Ἀνδροκλῆς) or
Androclus is the name given by some
sources to the main character of a
common folktale that is included in the
Aarne–Thompson classification system as
type 156. The story reappeared in the
Middle Ages as "The Shepherd and the
Lion" and was then ascribed to Aesop's
Fables.
113. Half-human and half-bull, he/it was
confined in the labyrinth, where he/it received
and annual tribute of seven youths and seven
maidens from Athens. Which is referred to?

a.Minotaur
b.Midas
c.Pegasus
d.Medea
• The Minotaur dwelt at the center of the
Labyrinth, which was an elaborate maze-
like construction designed by the architect
Daedalus and his son Icarus, on the
command of King Minos of Crete.
TheMinotaur was eventually killed by the
Athenian hero Theseus.
• Midas is the name of at least three
members of the royal house of Phrygia.
The most famous KingMidas is popularly
remembered in Greek mythology for his
ability to turn everything he touched into
gold. This came to be called the golden
touch, or the Midas touch. 
• Pegasus (Greek: Πήγασος, Pḗgasos; Latin: Peg
asus, Pegasos) is a mythical winged
divine stallion, and one of the most recognised
creatures in Greek mythology. Usually depicted
as pure white in color, Pegasus was a child of
the Olympian god Poseidon, in his role as
horse-god, and foaled by
the Gorgon Medusa upon her death, when the
hero Perseus decapitated her. Pegasus was
also the brother of Chrysaor and the uncle
of Geryon.
• Medea (Ancient Greek: Μήδεια, Mēdeia) is
an ancient Greek tragedy written by Euripides,
based upon the myth of Jason and Medea and first
produced in 431 BC. The plot centers on the
actions of Medea, a former princess of the
"barbarian" kingdom of Colchis, and the wife of
Jason; she finds her position in the Greek world
threatened as Jason leaves her for a Greek
princess of Corinth. Medea takes vengeance on
Jason by killing Jason's new wife as well as her
own children, after which she escapes
to Athens to start a new life.
114. A king of Corinth condemned in the
underworld to roll a huge stone up a hill. Just
as he reached the top, the stone would roll
down, forcing him to begin the task again.
Who is referred to?

a.Sisyphus
b.Spartacus
c.Sphinx
d.Stentor
• In Greek mythology Sisyphus or Sisyphos 
was the king of Ephyra (now known
as Corinth). He was punished for his self-
aggrandizing craftiness and deceitfulness by
being forced to roll an immense boulder up a
hill only for it to roll down when it nears the
top, repeating this action for eternity.
Through the classical influence on modern
culture, tasks that are
both laborious and futile are therefore
described as Sisyphean
• Spartacus was a Thracian gladiator who, along
with the Gauls Crixus, Gannicus, Castus,
and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped
slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a
major slave uprising against the Roman
Republic. Little is known about Spartacus
beyond the events of the war, and surviving
historical accounts are sometimes contradictory
and may not always be reliable. However, all
sources agree that he was a former gladiator
and an accomplished military leader.
• A sphinx is a mythical creature with the head of
a human and the body of a lion.
• In Greek tradition, it has the head of a human,
the haunches of a lion, and sometimes the wings of
a bird. It is mythicised as treacherous and merciless.
Those who cannot answer its riddle suffer a fate typical
in such mythological stories, as they are killed and eaten
by this ravenous monster This deadly version of a sphinx
appears in the myth and drama of Oedipus Unlike the
Greek sphinx, which was a woman, the Egyptian sphinx
is typically shown as a man (an androsphinx). In addition,
the Egyptian sphinx was viewed as benevolent, but
having a ferocious strength similar to the malevolent
Greek version and both were thought of as guardians
often flanking the entrances to temples
• In Greek mythology, Stentor was a herald
of the Greek forces during the Trojan War.
He is mentioned briefly in Homer's Iliadin
which Hera in the guise of Stentor, whose
"voice was as powerful as fifty voices of
other men" encourages the Greeks to
fight.
• Elsewhere, Stentor is said to have died
after losing a shouting contest
with Hermes.
115. Which is the substitution of a term
considered inoffensive for one that might
bring the reader or listener too close to an
uncomfortable reality?

a.Euphemism
b.Translation
c.Imagery
d.Bathos
• A euphemism is a polite expression used
in place of words or phrases that otherwise
might be considered harsh or unpleasant
to hear. Euphemisms are used regularly,
and there are many examples in every day
language.
• “To pass away” is a euphemism for “to
die
116. Which term is barrowed from art criticism
and applied to a kind of fiction that mixes
realism with flights of myths and fantasy. It is
associated with Latin American writers such as
Gabriel Garcia Marquez?

a.Metaphor
b.Magic Realism
c.Masque
d.In media res
117.Which is the subject in Mythic history
portrayed in “Musee des Beaux Arts”
painting?

a. Daedelus and Icarus

b. Iliad and Odyssey
c. Farewell of Hector and Andromache
d. Encounter with Polyphemus
• Landscape with the Fall of Icarus is a painting in oil on canvas measuring
73.5 by 112 centimetres (28.9 in × 44.1 in) in the Royal Museums of Fine
Arts of Belgium in Brussels. It was long thought to be by the leading
painter of Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting, Pieter Bruegel the
Elder. However, following technical examinations in 1996 of the painting
hanging in the Brussels museum that attribution is regarded as very
doubtful, and the painting, perhaps painted in the 1560s, is now usually
seen as a good early copy by an unknown artist of Bruegel's lost original,
perhaps from about 1558. According to the museum: "It is doubtful the
execution is by Breugel the Elder, but the composition can be said with
certainty to be his", although recent technical research has re-opened the
question.
• Largely derived from Ovid, the painting is described in W. H. Auden's
famous poem "Musée des Beaux-Arts", named after the museum in
Brussels which holds the painting, and became the subject of a poem of
the same name by William Carlos Williams, as well as "Lines on Bruegel's
'Icarus'" by Michael Hamburger.
118. The following are examples of
Situational Irony except ____________

a. Abduction of Helen
b. Oedipus fled Corinth
c. Death of Acrissius in the hands of Perseus
d. The quest to expose Laius’ murderer
• Irony is a figure of speech in which words
are used in such a way that their intended
meaning is different from the actual
meaning of the words. It may also be a
situation that ends up in quite a different
way than what is generally anticipated. In
simple words, it is a difference between
appearance and reality.
• In Oedipus. …one version of the
story, Laius, king of Thebes, was warned
by an oracle that his son would slay him.
Accordingly, when his wife, Jocasta
(Iocaste; in Homer, Epicaste), bore a son,
he had the baby exposed (a form of
infanticide) on Cithaeron.
• Acrisius had one daughter, Danae; after
consulting the Oracle of Delphi, he found out that
he would be killed by his daughter’s son. As his
daughter was childless at the
time, Acrisius incarcerated her so as to remain a
virgin. However, Zeus, who had fallen in love with
her, sneaked into her cell and impregnated
her. Acrisius, enraged that his daughter now had a
child, locked both of them in a chest and threw it
into the sea. The chest washed up on the island of
Seriphos, and was found by a fisherman, who took
care of Danae and her son, Perseus.
• Oedipus was accusing him for plotting
against him to be king and he accused him
of killing the king. ... A shepherd who
asked to be sent far
because Oedipus became king. Why
had Oedipus fled Corinth many years
before? He was afraid of the prophecy that
the oracle gave him.
119. Philosophic-religious belief in
reincarnation is based on which mythical
character?

a.Orpheus
b.Achilles
c.Paris
d.Agamemnon
• Orpheus, ancient Greek legendary hero
endowed with superhuman musical skills.
He became the patron of a religious
movement based on sacred writings said
to be his own. Traditionally,Orpheus was
the son of a Muse (probably Calliope, the
patron of epic poetry) and Oeagrus, a king
of Thrace (other versions give Apollo).
• In Greek mythology, Achilles or Achilleus) was a Greek hero of
the Trojan War and the central character and greatest warrior
of Homer's Iliad. His mother was the immortal Nereid Thetis, and
his father, the mortal Peleus, was the king of the Myrmidons.
• Achilles' most notable feat during the Trojan War was the slaying of
the Trojan hero Hector outside the gates of Troy. Although the
death of Achilles is not presented in the Iliad, other sources concur
that he was killed near the end of the Trojan War by Paris, who shot
him in the heel with an arrow. Later legends (beginning with a
poem by Statius in the 1st century AD) state that Achilles was
invulnerable in all of his body except for his heel because, when his
mother Thetis dipped him in the river Styx as an infant, she held
him by one of his heels. Alluding to these legends, the term
"Achilles heel" has come to mean a point of weakness, especially in
someone or something with an otherwise strong constitution.
• Paris, also known as Alexander the son of
King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy, appears
in a number of Greek legends. Probably the
best known was his elopement with Helen,
queen of Sparta, this being one of the
immediate causes of the Trojan War. Later in
the war, he fatally wounds Achilles in the heel
with an arrow as foretold by Achilles’s
mother, Thetis. The name Paris is
probably Luwian and comparable to Pari-zitis,
attested as a Hittite scribe's name.
• In Greek mythology, Agamemnon was the son of
King Atreus and Queen Aerope of Mycenae, the
brother of Menelaus, the husband
of Clytemnestra and the father
of Iphigenia, Electra or Laodike
(Λαοδίκη), Orestes and Chrysothemis.Legends
make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought
to be different names for the same
area.When Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was taken
to Troy by Paris, Agamemnon commanded the
united Greek armed forces in the ensuing Trojan
War.
120. The following are typical characteristics
of an epic hero, except

a.Immortality
b.Bravery
c.Superiority
d.fame
121. It is a significant truth about life and
human that is exhibited by the words,
actions and decisions of characters. This
element of fiction is known as ________

a.Setting
b.Plot
c.point of view
d.theme
• a theme is the central topic a text
treats.Themes can be divided into two
categories: a work's thematic concept is
what readers "think the work is about" and
its thematic statement being "what the
work says about the subject“.
122. A mechanism by which a narrative
sequence of events (story) is structured and
organized is called ____

a.point of view
b.literary device
c.Plot
d.denouement
123. Which represents the various social
overtones, cultural implications or emotional
meanings associated with a sign?

a.Denotation
b.Syntax
c.Connotation
d.Euphemism
124. Which is a direct address to someone
absent, long dead or even to an inanimate
object, e.g. “Pack, clouds, away; and
welcome, day!”

a.Metonymy
b.Metaphor
c.Personification
d.Apostrophe
125. The term thespian was taken from
Thespis, a 6th B.C poet who was said to
have been the founder of Greek drama and
the first actor. Thespian means _____

a.Actor
b.Speaker
c.Orator
d.teacher
• Thespian is a fancy word for actor. Since
this word is related to Thespis, the guy
who first took the stage in Ancient Greece,
you can feel real scholarly using the
word thespian. As an adjective, you can
use the word thespian to describe
something that is related to drama.
126. The one through whose eyes we “see”
the story is the ____________

a.Author
b.Character
c.Narrator
d.reader
127. The following make a good idea for an
essay except __________

a. it is true but arguable

b. it is limited enough in scope
c. it comes with available evidence
d. it has a probable setting
128. His crowning achievement was the
Aeneid, an epic poem in 12 books
recounting the story of Aeneas. Who referred
to?

a.Euripides
b.Homer
c.Aristophanes
d.Virgil
• Euripides (c. 480 – c. 406 BC) was a tragedian of classical
Athens. Along with Aeschylus and Sophocles, he is one of the
three ancient Greek tragedians for whom a significant number
of plays have survived. Some ancient scholars attributed 95
plays to him but, according to the Suda, it was 92 at most.
• Of these, 18 or 19 have survived more or less complete (there
has been debate about his authorship of Rhesus, largely on
stylistic grounds) and there are also fragments, some
substantial, of most of the other plays.
• More of his plays have survived intact than those
of Aeschylus and Sophocles together, partly because his
popularity grew as theirs declined—he became, in
the Hellenistic Age, a cornerstone of ancient literary
education, along with Homer, Demosthenes, and Menander.
• Homer is the name ascribed by the ancient
Greeks to the legendary author of the Iliad and
the Odyssey, two epic poems which are the
central works of ancient Greek literature.
The Iliad is set during the Trojan War, the ten-
year siege of the city of Troy by a coalition of
Greek states. It focuses on a quarrel between
King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles lasting
a few weeks during the last year of the war.
The Odysseyfocuses on the journey home
of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, after the fall of Troy.
• Aristophanes , son of Philippus, of
the deme Kydathenaion was
a comic playwright of ancient Athens.
Eleven of his forty plays survive virtually
complete. These, together with fragments
of some of his other plays, provide the
only real examples of a genre of comic
drama known as Old Comedy, and are
used to define it.
• Publius Vergilius Maro , usually
called Virgil or Vergil  in English, was
an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan
period. He wrote three of the most famous
poems in Latin literature:
the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics,
and the epic Aeneid. A number of minor
poems, collected in the Appendix
Vergiliana, are sometimes attributed to
him.
129. What is a novel about the education
and development of the young hero?

a.Burlesque
b.Aestheticism
c.Bildungsroman
d.Allegory
• Bildungsroman, class of novel that deals
with the maturation process, with how and
why the protagonist develops as he does,
both morally and psychologically. The
German word Bildungsroman means
“novel of education” or “novel of
formation.”
• A burlesque is a literary, dramatic or musical work
intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the
manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous
treatment of their subjects. The word derives from
the Italian burlesco, which, in turn, is derived from
the Italian burla – a joke, ridicule or mockery.
• A later use of the term, particularly in the United
States, refers to performances in a variety
show format. These were popular from the 1860s to
the 1940s, often in cabarets and clubs, as well as
theatres, and featured bawdy comedy and
female striptease.
130. Which is a figure of speech in which
apparently contradictory terms appear
conjunction?

a.Oxymoron
b.Antithesis
c.Metonymy
d.Parody
• Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which two opposite ideas
are joined to create an effect. The common oxymoron
phrase is a combination of an adjective proceeded by a
noun with contrasting meanings, such as “cruel kindness,”
or “living death”.
• Open secret
• Tragic comedy
• Seriously funny
• Awfully pretty
• Foolish wisdom
• Original copies
• Liquid gas
• Antithesis, which literally means “opposite,” is a
rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put
together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect.
• Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice.
• Man proposes, God disposes.
• Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing.
• Speech is silver, but silence is gold.
• Patience is bitter, but it has a sweet fruit.
• Money is the root of all evil: poverty is the fruit of all
goodness.
• You are easy on the eyes, but hard on the heart.
• Metonymy is a figure of speech that replaces the name
of a thing with the name of something else with which it
is closely associated. We can come across examples of
metonymy both from literature and in everyday life.
• “England decides to keep check on immigration.”
(England refers to the government.)
• “The pen is mightier than the sword.” (Pen refers to
written words, and sword to military force.)
• “The Oval Office was busy in work.” (The Oval Office is a
metonymy, as it stands for people who work in the
office.)
• “Let me give you a hand.” (Hand means help.)
• A parody also called a spoof, send-up, take-
off, lampoon, play on something, caricature, or joke is a
work created to imitate, make fun of, or comment on
an original work—its subject, author, style, or some other
target—by means of satiric or ironicimitation.
• As the literary theorist Linda Hutcheon puts it, "parody … is
imitation, not always at the expense of the parodied text."
Another critic, Simon Dentith, defines parody as "any
cultural practice which provides a
relatively polemical allusive imitation of another cultural
production or practice.“
• Parody may be found in art or culture,
including literature, music (although "parody" in music has
an earlier, somewhat different meaning than for other art
forms), animation, gaming, and film.
131. In which type of novel are real people
represented in the guise of fiction
characters?

a.Picaresque novel
b.Roman a clef
c.Epistolary novel
d.Deux ex machine
• Picaresque novel.
literature. Picaresque novel, early form
of novel, usually a first-person narrative,
relating the adventures of a rogue or
lowborn adventurer (Spanish pícaro) as he
drifts from place to place and from one
social milieu to another in his effort to
survive.
• Roman à clef French for novel with a key,
is a novel about real life, overlaid with a
façade of fiction. The fictitious names in
the novel represent real people, and the
"key" is the relationship between
the nonfiction and the fiction. The "key"
may be produced separately by
the author or implied through the use
of epigraphs or other literary techniques
• An epistolary novel is a novel written as
a series of documents. The usual form is
letters, although diary entries, newspaper
clippings and other documents are
sometimes used. Recently, electronic
"documents" such as recordings and radio,
blogs, and e-mails have also come into
use.
• Deus ex machina is a Latin calque from Greek ἀπὸ
μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós), meaning
'god from the machine'.
• The term has evolved to mean a plot
device whereby a seemingly unsolvable problem is
suddenly and abruptly resolved by the inspired
and unexpected intervention of some new event,
character, ability, or object. Its function can be to
resolve an otherwise irresolvable plot situation, to
surprise the audience, to bring the tale to a happy
ending, or act as a comedic device.
132. Which among the four basic types of
assessment task in speaking requires
“parroting” back words, phrases and
sentences which students hear?

a.Imitative
b.Interactive
c.Extensive
d.Responsive
• Intensive is concentrated on a single area
or subject or into a short time; very
thorough or vigorous.
• Extensive is covering or affecting a large
area.
• Responsive is reacting quickly and
positively.
133. Ms. Reboledo, an English teacher, divided the
class into groups and gave a problem-solving
activity entitled “Lost in a Desert Island.” She
wanted to provide her students with an activity that
would allow them to signal that one who wanted to
speak. What specific speech routine used in
conversation did Ms. Reboledo adhere to?
a. Feedback
b. Interaction
c. Initiating the task
d. Turn-taking
134. Ms. Zocovia gave her class a group
assignment. The class must come up with possible
solutions to the growing number of vandalism in
their school. Each group is expected to come up
with a proposal. What kind of assessment task in
speaking is she using?

a.Intensive
b.Extensive
c.Responsive
d.Interactive
•  interactive is influencing or having an
effect on each other.
• It is a two-way flow of information
135. The principal reminded the teachers, ‘Make sure your
tasks have a linguistic (language-based) objective and
seize the opportunity to help students to perceive and use
meaningfully the building clocks of language. “What
principle of teaching speaking will the teacher follow?

a. Focus on both fluency and accuracy

b. Give students opportunities to initiate oral
communication
c. Capitalize on the natural link between speaking and
listening
d. All of the above
136. The teacher let the students listen to a
recorded oral text that provides students
models on how to use “uh-huh, right, Ok,
hmm”, etc. Which speaking strategy does the
teacher emphasize and develop?

a. Asking for clarification

b. Using conversation maintenance cues
c. Getting someone’s attention
d. Asking someone to repeat
137. Which is an engaging task of recording
experiences, ideas; insights or reflections on a
regular basis that encourages students’ to
articulate their minds than merely restating
information about a text?

a.Role play
b.Journal writing
c.Brainstorming
d.Pantomime
138. Mr. Escoto wants to measure the
language abilities of his students using
direct testing. Which of the following is not
recommended?

a.Writing letters
b.Cloze test
c.Role-play
d.Information gap task
• Cloze test is a test in which one is asked to
supply words that have been removed
from a passage in order to measure one's
ability to comprehend text.
139. Which is not an example of cultural
story?

a. Aesop’s Fables
b. Little Red Riding Hood
c. The Parable of Talents
d. The Good Earth
• The Good Earth is a novel by Pearl S. Buck published in 1931 and awarded
the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1932. The best-selling novel in the United
States in both 1931 and 1932 was an influential factor in Buck's winning
the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938. It is the first book in a trilogy that
includes Sons (1932) and A House Divided (1935).
• The novel, which dramatizes family life in a Chinese village before World War
I, has been recognized for major awards. It was included in Life Magazine's
list of the 100 outstanding books of 1924–1944.
•  In 2004, the book was returned to the bestseller list when chosen by the
television host Oprah Winfrey for Oprah's Book Club.
• The novel helped prepare Americans of the 1930s to consider Chinese as
allies in the coming war with Japan.
• A Broadway stage adaptation was produced by the Theatre Guild in 1932,
written by the father and son playwriting team of Owen and Donald Davis,
but it was poorly received by the critics, and ran only 56 performances.
However, the 1937 film, The Good Earth, which was based on the stage
version, was more successful.
140. Which pleasure in writing may relatives
of deceased writers likely enjoy?

a.Popularity
b.Readership
c.Royalty
d.Self-Expression
141. Which benefit of bylines provide?

a.Popularity
b.Readership
c.Royalty
d.Self-Expression
142. Which of the following is portmanteau
word?

a.Black gold
b.FAN-ny
c.E-book
d.Thin and tiny
• A portmanteauor portmanteau word is
a linguistic blend of words, in which parts
of multiple words or their phones (sounds)
are combined into a new word, as in smog,
coined by blending smoke and fog, or
motel, from motor and hotel.
143. Which type of research is likely to lead
to the discovery of a new theory?

a.Experimental
b.Holistic
c.Phenomenological
d.Scholarly
• The goal of
qualitative phenomenological
researchis to describe a "lived
experience" of a phenomenon. As this is a
qualitative analysis of narrative data,
methods to analyze its data must be quite
different from more traditional or
quantitative methods ofresearch.
• An experiment is a procedure carried out
to support, refute, or validate a
hypothesis. Experiments provide insight
into cause-and-effect by demonstrating
what outcome occurs when a particular
factor is manipulated. 
• Holism in science, or holistic science, is
an approach to research that emphasizes
the study of complex systems. Systems
are approached as coherent wholes whose
component parts are best understood in
context and in relation to one another and
to the whole.
• A scholarly publication is one in which the
content is written by experts in a
particular field of study - generally for the
purpose of sharing original research or
analyzing others' findings. Scholarly work
will thoroughly cite all source materials
used and is usually subject to "peer
review" prior to publication.
144. What is the aim of a research proposal?

a. To present an entire research

b. To defend findings
c. To suggest a planned study
d. To find solutions to a research problem.
145. Which term refers to approaches and/or
principles that explain variables in a study?

a.Hypothesis
b.Theoretical Basis
c.Thesis
d.Problem
146. Which term proves that there is a gap
of knowledge about the research topic?

a.Blank spot
b.Blind spot
c.Research Local
d.Research Instrument
148. Dr. Ilanan uses alternative methods of
assessment. Which will she not likely to use?

a. Multiple Choice Test

b. Oral Presentation
c. Reflective Journal Writing
d. Developing Portfolios
149. Which is known as science of
interpretation?

a. Hermeneutics
b. Literary appreciation
c. Textual exegesis
d.Documentary analysis
• Hermeneutics is a wider discipline which
includes written, verbal, and non-verbal
communication. Exegesis focuses primarily
upon the word and grammar of
texts. Hermeneutic, as a singular noun,
refers to some particular method of
interpretation
150. Teacher Eric believes that if the students in
school would force their habit of speaking in English
in the manner they speak Kapampangan, including
accent and vocabulary it might lead to fossilization
of errors and eventually lead to a linguistic
phenomenon known as __.

a. Codemixing
b. Depidginization
c. Codeswitching
d. pidginization
• Pidginization is a linguistic process that
occurs when people who do not speak the
same language come into contact. It
involves the simplification of the
contacting language and the exploitation
of linguistic common denominators.
• Thank you
• God bless
• Good luck