AWS Cloud

Introduction
− Amazon provides a vast selection of products using infrastructure
based on web service.
− It is a best exmaple of web services achieved through the Service
Orented Architecture of components.
− Through hardware virtualization on Xen hypervisor, Amazon.com
has made it possible to create private virtual server that you can run
world wide.
− Amazon web services is based on SOA standards , including HTTP,
REST, and SOAP transfer protocols, open source operating system ,
application servers, and browser based access.
− Virtual private server can provision virtual private clouds connected
through virtual private network by providing security and control by
the system administrator.
• AWS has a great value position : pay for what you use.
− It also allow getting website or application up and running
quickly and robustly with little barrier.
• Amazon.com is the world's largest online retailer, and to support
this business amazon.com has build an enormous network of IT
system support to peak customer demand(high customer demand).
• AWS takes essentially unused infrastructure in amazon.com's
network and turns it into very profitable business.
• AWS represents largest pure Infrastructure as a
Service(IaaS) provider in market
• Largest component of amazon's offering is Elastic Compute
Cloud(EC2) which generate more than $220 million annually.
Amazon web service Components and Services
• Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud(EC2) : 
− It enables the creation , use, and management of virtual private servers
running the Linux or Windows operating system over Xen-hypervisor.
− AWS Free Tier includes 750 hours of Linux and Windows t2.micro
instances each month for one year. To stay within the Free Tier, use
only EC2 Micro instances.
− EC2 applications that are highly scalable and fault tolerant.

− Amazon Simple Queue Service : 

• Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a fully managed message
queuing service that enables you to decouple and scale microservices,
distributed systems, and serverless applications
AWS Components and Services
− Using SQS, you can send, store, and receive messages between
software components at any volume, without losing messages or
requiring other services to be available. 

− Amazon Simple Notification Service : 

• Web service that can publish messages from an application and
deliver them to other application or to subscriber. 
• SNS provides a method for triggering actions, allowing clients or
application to to changed information or perform updates.

− EC2 can be monitored by Amazon Cloud watch (provides a view

of resource utilization) 
 − AMI (Amazon machine Instance) in EC2 can be load balanced using the
Elastic Load balancing.
• Amazon simple Storage System (S3)
− It is online storage and backup system. Provide high speed data
transfer and provide import/Export facility of tansfer data form
amazon network to portable devices.
• Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)
− It is system for creating a virtual disk or block level storage devices tha
can be used for EC2 for both throughput and transaction intensive
workloads at any scale
− A broad range of workloads, such as relational and non-relational
databases, enterprise applications, containerized applications, big data
analytics engines, file systems, and media workflows are widely
deployed on Amazon EBS.
• Amazon SimpleDB
− It is for structured data storage that supports indexing and data
queries to both EC2 and S3. 
− It stores data in bucket without requiring of creation of database
schema.
• Amazon Relational Database Service :
− It allow you to create instance of the MYSQL database to support
website and other appliction.
− This service allow developers to port applications , their source
code, and database directly over to AWS
− It also provide facility of database backups and automated
database scaling via an API call
• Amazon Cloudfront :
− Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN)
service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs
to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds, all
within a developer-friendly environment.

− Another product based service

• Alexa Web Information Service :
− That collect and expose information about the structure and
traffic patterns of the website. The information can be used to
build website, analyze historical patterns for growth and
relationship and perform data analysis on site information
• Amazon Associates web service
− It is e-comerce service, in vendors can add their products to
amazon site.
• Amazon DevPay :
− Is billing and account management service that cab be used by
business that run application on top of aws.
− It provide devpay api that help developers to implement payment
scheme
• Amazon Elastic MapReduce
− It is interactive data analysis tool for indexing , data
mining,machine learning , financial analysis.
− It is build on top of Hadoop framework using EC2 and S3
• Amazon mechanical Turk
− It is for accessing human researchers or consultants to help solve
problems on a temporary basis.
− Problems solved by human workforce have included object
identification, data duplication and data research.
− Amazon call this type of work Human Intelligence Tasks
• AWS Multifactor Authentication
− It is a special feature that uses an authentication device which are
with consumer and provide to access to aws account setting.
• Amazon Flexible Payment Service
− It is payment transfer infrastructure that provides access for
developers to charge customer to their purchase
• Amazon Fulfillment Web Service
− It allows merchants to fill orders through amazon.com fulfilment
service, with amazon handling physical delivery of goods on
merchant’s behalf.
− Merchant inventory is prepositioned in amazon fulfill centers and
amazon packs and ships the item
• Amazon Virtual Private Cloud
− Provide bridge between company’s existing network and aws
cloud.
− Vpc connects private network resources to set of aws systems over
virtual private network connection and increase security,and
management system for their aws servers
• Compute Services
− EC2,
− Elastic Beanstalk :
• Elastic Beanstalk service will automatically handle the deployment, load
balancing, auto scaling and app health monitoring.
− Lamda : : With AWS Lambda service you can upload your code and
run it on the AWS platform. Currently this service allows codes written
in Node.js, Java, C#, Go and Python languages
− Batch: With the batch service, a programmer can do hundreds or
thousands of batch wise computing within the AWS cloud.
• Storage Services
− S3 (Simple Storage Service): can upload and download file and
maintain version of system.
− EFS (Elastic File System) : it’s a file system which can be used with
ec2
 − Glacier: 
− Glacier is a archiving service. If your have a large set of data
which are not used very frequently and looking to store them
somewhere cheaply, Glacier is the service is used.
− Storage Gateway
− If app use lots of data and data is stored in the cloud.
−  gateway which transport data from AWS to your app in
somewhere else.
• Database Services
− RDS (Relational Database Service): With this service you can get
relational databases like MySQL, MSSQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle,
Arora (Amazon version of MySQL) and etc.
− DynamoDB: This is a non-relational database service (NoSQL).
This is a fully managed cloud database and supports both
document and key-value store models.
− Elasticache: This a caching service available for databases. So it
helps to improves the performance of web applications by
retrieving information from caches, instead of relying entirely on
slower disk-based databases.
− Red Shift : this facility allowed to create cluster for data (data
warehouse) and use business intelligence tool for analysis of data.
• Developer Tool Services
− CodeStart: With service CodeStar, a group of developers can
collaborate and work together easily. So basically its a project
management tool/service.
− CodeBuild: The service CodeBuild is a build service that compiles
your source code, run tests like unit tests, integration tests .
− Cloud9 :AWS Cloud9 is a cloud-based integrated development
environment (IDE) that lets you write, run, and debug your code
with just a browser. 
− It includes a code editor, debugger, and terminal. It includes a
code editor, debugger, and terminal.
Working with the Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
− EC2 virtual server platform that allows users to create and run
virtual machines on Amazon server.
− With Ec2 , server instances are launch which is called Amazon
Machine Image(AMI) running different operating system.
− Virtual server can be add or remove as needed.
− It also provide load balance servers and located different servers
in different data centers or zones thoughout the world to provide
fault tolerance.
− Instance is the emulation of a hardware platform such as x86,IA64
running on Xen hypervisor.
− A machine image is the software and operating system running
on top of the instance
• Amazon Machine Image
− AMI are operating systems running on Xen virtualization
hypervisor.
− It is broadly all into the three classes
1. Standard Instances :
It is suitable for standard server application
2. High Memory Instances
It is High memory instances are useful for large data throughput
application such as SQL Server database and data caching and
retrieval.
3. High CPU Instance
It is best used for applications that are processor or compute intensive.
It include rendering , data analysis and others.
Type CPU RAM storage Api name i/o performance
Micro instance 1 0.6 EBS 32/64 bits Low T1.micro
Standard instance 1 1.7 160 32 bit Moderate m1.small
Standard instance - 2 7.5 850 64 bit High m1.large
large
Standard instance- 4 15 1690 64 bit High m1.large
extra large
High memory 4 34.2 850 64 bit High m2.2xlarge
double extra large
instance
High memory extra 8 68.4 1690 64 bit High m2.4xlarge
large instance
High cpu medium 2 1.7 350 32 Moderate c1.medium
instance
High cpu extra 8 7 1690 64 bit High c1.xlarge
large instance
Pricing models
− Pricing of AMI depends on operating system used, and amount of
time that the AMI runs
− Additional charges applied for
− Amount of data transferred
− Whether elastic ip are assigned or not
− If virtual private server use of Amazon Elastic Block Storage
− Load blancing for two or more servers
• Three different pricing models for EC2
− On demand Instance : hourly rate with no long term commitment.
− Reserved Instances : Purchase of a contract for each instance used
with significantly lower hourly usage charge after paid for the
reservation
• Spot Instance :
− Method for bidding on unused EC2 capacity based on the current
spot price.
− It offeres a significantly lower price, but it varies over time but
may not be available when there is no excess capacity
Creating instance on EC2
1. click the launch instance
2. Select system image
3. Specify the number of instance , availability zone and Instance type
4. Configure instance detail
1. Select network, number of instances
2. Select subnet
3. Under advanced setting , add user data to which runs on mount of
instance
5. Add storage detail
1. Select hard-disk size
6. Name the instance
7. Configure security group
 − Add the security protocol , type security, port range , source
7 Create key pair step . Generate key pair public/private that
download from aws. If someone access to your secured server,supply
them with private key they need to connect to server.
8 Gives review and launch instance.
9 After instance is running , need to connect to the instance.
10 Use putty to connect with running instance
11 generate the private key
12 provide private key to for authorization when connect with putty
13 Provide username and password to connect with instance.
AWS simple storage service
− Data stored in instance are temporary , it is deleted when instance
is terminated.
− S3 is cloud based storage allow to store data objects upto 5gb.
− Storage containers are referred as bucket
− Bucket serve the function of a directory. There is no object
hierarchy to a bucket
− Bucket contains object not a file.
− S3 allows to create a bucket, and name must be uniq in all aws
customers.
− Access to S3 buket is through the S3 web api (soap or REST) is
slow relative to real disk storage system.
− S3 can not handle data archiving and disk backup.
− S3 allow to maintain versioning of documents, every version of
object stored in s3 bucket .
− HTTP or REST operation such as PUT, POST, COPY, or DELETE
create new object and maintained verision.
− Following task with s3 bucket through API
• Create,delete edit new bucket
• Upload or download new object into bucket
• Search for object and bucket,
• Find metadata associate with object and buckets.
• Make object/bucket for public access
• Maintain version of document
• Steps for create S3 bucket/object
− Under storage and content delivery select s3
− click create bucket give a name of bucket and select region for the
bucket.
− name must be globally uniq across the cloud
− Add the object inside bucket
− Set the access policy for accessing bucket or individual object.

− You grant access permissions to buckets and objects by using

resource-based access policies. You can associate an access policy
with a resource.
− An access policy describes who has access to resources. The
resource owner is the AWS account that creates the resource. 
− An access policy describes who has access to resources. The
resource owner is the AWS account that creates the resource.
− Bucket access permissions specify which users are allowed access to
the objects in a bucket and which types of access they have. Object
access permissions specify which users are allowed access to the
object and which types of access they have.
− or example, one user might have only read permission, while
another might have read and write permissions.
− Bucket and object permissions are independent of each other. An
object does not inherit the permissions from its bucket.  
− For example, if you create a bucket and grant write access to a
user, you can't access that user’s objects unless the user explicitly
grants you access.
− To grant access to your buckets and objects to other AWS
accounts and to the general public, you use resource-based access
policies known as access control lists (ACLs).
− To make object public over the world by selecting option make
public.