Disaster Readiness

and Risk Reduction

Chapter 10
Disaster Preparedness:
The Roles of the State
and the Citizens
Learning Objectives
To explain why NDRRMC was organized
To identify various government agencies (NGAs
and LGUs), Civil Society Organizations (CSOs),
and international agencies involved in disasters
To analyze the functions of the major arms of N
DRRMC
To assess disaster preparedness of individuals,
families, and communities
Section 10.1
Policies Of DRRM –
The Philippine DRRM Law
Ra 10121 and Its
Implementing Rules and Regulations
The Philippine DRMM Law:
Its Beginnings
• The 2004 Asian tsunami and the devastating
typhoons that struck the Philippines in 2009 were
motivating factors for the Philippine government to
ratify the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster
Management and Emergency Response, which paved
the way for the revamp of the NDCC.

• In 2010, the passing of the RA10121 or the Philippine

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act
essentially dissolved the NDCC in favor of the
NDRRMC.
Salient Features of the DRRM Law
• The DRRM Law created the NDRRMC, which taps
local government units (LGUs), communities, and
civil society as partners, which in effect shifted more
responsibilities to local communities on disaster
management making the new disaster body more
responsive to disaster concerns.

• Rather than spending much effort and committing

resources to activities after a disaster occurs, the
DRRM Law gives more emphasis on disaster risk
reduction and identifying vulnerability rather than
concentrating on just disaster response.
The DRRM Law
NDRRMC Functions
NDRRMC Organizational Structure
Role of LGUs
• Under RA 10121, there shall be a DRRM Council for each
region, which will be called Regional DRRM Council, and
which will act as the NDRMMC’s regional arm.
• LGUs, from the provincial to the barangay level, are also
mandated to form and operate DRRM Councils.
• Like their national counterpart, each of these offices must
come up with a Local Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan (LDRRMP) covering aspects of disaster
preparedness, response, prevention and mitigation, and
rehabilitation and recovery.
• Each local DRRM office shall have its own Chief DRRM
Officer who is supported by personnel for administration
and training, research and planning, operations, warning,
search and rescue, and emergency medical services.
Organizational Chart of the RDRRMC
Recognition of Civil Society Organiz
ations (CSOs)
• The inclusion of four Civil Society Organizations in
the organizational structure of NDRMMC makes
DRRM a more community-based undertaking.
• The CSOs in the disaster management structure
include civic organizations, NGOs (nongovernment
organizations), people’s organizations, and other
volunteer entities.
• Many social institutions like the Church, the schools,
the media, and professional associations have also
become channels for popular participation in
disaster management.
NGOs Implementing Community-based
Disaster Risk-related Activities
Section Assessment
1. What prompted the creation of a new DRRM body
under RA10121?
2. What are the advantages of giving greater
responsibility to LGUs in handling local disaster
operations?
3. How can greater involvement of CSOs lead to more
successful DRRM efforts?
Section 10.2
Information and Resources
from the Government
(Projects And Programs)
The NDRRM Plan and Knowledge Transfer
Primary Sources of Information
and Resources
• Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
 The DOST mandate is to “provide central direction,
leadership and coordination of scientific and technological
efforts and ensure that the results therefrom are geared and
utilized in areas of maximum economic and social benefits
for the people”.
 Partly because two of the lead agencies for the major
natural hazards (PHIVOLCS and PAGASA) are under its
wing, the DOST is the agency responsible in implementing
the Prevention and Mitigation aspects of NDRRMP.
Primary Sources of Information
and Resources
• Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
 The DILG is the agency tasked primarily for the preparedness
aspect of disaster reduction including the development and
implementation of a comprehensive national and local
preparedness and response policies, plans, and systems.
 Also in line with its primary function is the development of
DRRM, IEC, and CCA materials for formal education, training
programs, and for the general public, the conduct of
campaigns and development of awareness of target
population, the establishment of training institutions for
disaster preparedness and response.
 The DILG is also expected to ensure operational and self-
reliant local DRRM councils and fully functioning local DRRM
offices. For the whole DRRM effort to be more effective,
 DILG is also required to strengthen partnership and
coordination with all those involved in DRRM.
Primary Sources of Information
and Resources
• National Economic Development Authority (NEDA)
 NEDA is the lead agency in the preparation of report
providing synthesis of the overall impact of disasters
including that on the macroeconomy, poverty, incomes, and
employment.
 NEDA is also in charge of the conduct of post-disaster
needs assessment (PDNA).
 NEDA is responsible for the formulation of a recovery plan
to guide the recovery and reconstruction of the economy,
lives, and livelihoods in affected areas.
 NEDA is among the entities that should be responsible for
integrating mitigation into development plans and policies.
Media’s Role in Times of Disaster
• The Philippine Information Agency (PIA) is among
the government agencies tasked to provide accurate
and timely advice to national or local organizations
and to the public regarding disasters.
• The traditional tri-media (television, radio, and
newspaper) and internet-based media have also been
instrumental in supplementing the government’s
disaster information functions.
• The other important role the media play is resource
mobilization.
• The media, through their foundations, have also
been active not only in relief operations but also in
rehabilitation campaigns involving housing and
livelihood assistance.
Activity 1

OBJECTIVE: This activity will let the students gauge

the state of personal, family, and community
preparedness for natural hazards based on selected
DRRM criteria.
Section Assessment
1. Explain why it is important to have access to
accurate and quality disaster-related information.
2. Which are the most potent agents of knowledge
transfer in your community?
3. As individuals, what are the things that you can do
to make your family and community more prepared
for disasters?