Wireless Network Structu

re
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 Contents
1 Wireless Network Structure

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Full Telecom Network

S-GW P-GW CSCF MGCF

4G
eNodeB MME SBC MGW

HLR/
HSS/
3G PCRF
SGSN IP
NodeB RNC Network

MS/UE Other
Networks
2G
BTS
BSC/PCU MSC/VLR GMSC

RAN Core Network

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Mobile Network Evolution

2G 2.5G 3G 4G
150Mbps

14.4Mbps/ LTE
5.76Mbps
HSDPA/
2Mbp HSUPA
s
UMT
384Kbps S
EDG
117.2Kbp
E
s
GPR
9.6Kbps S
GSM

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2G/3G/LTE RAN Network Element

RAN Name Function

BTS Provide radio communication interface for
(GBTS/eGBTS) cellular phone.
2G Control a group of BTSs within a GSM
GSM network.
BSC Manage the handoff of calls when cellular
phone switches over from one BTS to
another.
Equivalent to the BTS description used in
NodeB
3G GSM (2G)
UMTS Equivalent to the BSC description used in
RNC
GSM (2G)
Evolved NodeB, similar to NodeB in 3G, but
4G embeds its own control functionality without
eNodeB
LTE require additional controller.

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2G/3G/4G differences

Main
RAT Carrier bandwidth Peak rate per carrier
Working Band(Hz)

GSM EDGE 900M,1800M 200kHz 473.6kbps

WCDMA R99 2.1G, 900M,1800M 5MHz 2Mbps

WCDMA R6 HSDPA 2.1G, 900M,1800M 5MHz 14.4Mbps

WCDMA R8 HSPA+ 2.1G, 900M,1800M 5MHz 42Mbps

700M,800M,900M,1.5G,1.7G,1. 1.4/3/5/10/15/20MHz
LTE 100Mbps
8G,2.1G,2.3G,2.5G (15KHz per subcarrier)

700M,800M,900M,1.5G,1.7G,1. 100MHz
LTE - Advanced >1Gbps
8G,2.1G,2.3G,2.5G (15KHz per subcarrier)

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Call Flow Between Mobile Subscribers

SMSC HLR
SCP
synchronization

Signaling
network
CN-CS
MSC GMSC

BTS
BSC
MGW PSTN
Backhaul IP bearer
network network
MGW
MGW

NodeB Internet

RNC
Backhaul network
SGSN CN-PS GGSN

WAP gateway
MMSC

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2G/3G Internet access (NET)

SMSC HLR
SCP
synchronization

Signaling
network
CN-CS
MSC GMSC

BTS
BSC
PSTN
Backhaul IP bearer
network network
MGW
MGW

NodeB Internet

RNC
Backhaul network
SGSN CN-PS GGSN

WAP gateway
MMSC

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4G Internet Access

Process Subscriber’s
signaling service profile &
MME HSS/PCRF location
information

Connect with
other
eNodeB networks
Server

Intern
et

UE eNodeB S-GW P-GW Gateway

Routing
and Charging,
Process radio Qos, IP
signal, Manage forwarding
allocation
radio resource RAN EPC Network

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Thank you
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