Naming Compounds

Riddles
 Riddle # 1

What gets whiter the dirtier it gets?

Riddle # 1

A chalkboard
 Riddle # 2
This is a most unusual paragraph. How quickly
can you find out what is so unusual about it?
It looks so ordinary you’d think nothing was
wrong with it – and in fact, nothing is wrong
with it. It is unusual though. Why? Study it,
think about it, and you may find out. Try to do
it without coaching. If you work at it for a bit
it will dawn on you. So jump to it and try your
skill at figuring it out. Good luck – don’t blow
your cool!
 Riddle # 2

The Paragraph contains no letter “E”.

 Riddle # 3

What is that which goes with a car, comes with

a car, is of no use to a car, and yet the car
cannot go without it?
Riddle # 3

Noise
 Riddle # 4
I am a fruit. If you take away the first
letter of my name I become a
crime. Take away the first two
letters of my name I become an
animal. Take away the first and last
letter of my name and I become a
form of music. What am I?
Riddle # 4

Grape
 Riddle # 5

What belongs to you but others

use it more than you do?
Riddle # 5

Your name
 Learning Objectives
• discuss the rules in naming ionic compounds
and acids;

• name compounds given their formulas and

write formulas given the names of the
compound; and

• share about your given names and the

significance it has for you and your family
 Ionic Compounds

• Ionic compounds are formed from

anions and cations.
Ionic Compounds
Ionic Compounds
 Ionic Compounds

• the cation is named first, then the anion

next.

Ex. Na+ + Cl-  NaCl

sodium
chloride
• Compounds must maintain a neutral
charge (0 charge).
 Ionic Compounds

• cation’s name retains

• Monatomic anion’s name is derived

from the first part of the element’s
name together with the prefix “-ide.”
Names for common monatomic anions
Mg + Cl  ?

Mg + N  ?
 Binary Covalent Compounds
• composed of two different nonmetal elements

• Rule 1. lower group no. elements are written first;

the higher group no. elements are written second

Exception: when the compound contains oxygen

and a halogen, the name of the halogen is
the first word in the name.
 Binary Covalent Compounds
• Rule 2. If both elements are in the same group,
the element with the higher period number is
written first in the name.
• Rule 3. The second element in the name is
named as if it were an anion, i.e., by adding the
suffix -ide to the name of the element.

• Greek prefixes are used to indicate how many

atoms of each element are involved
 Binary Covalent Compounds

• composed of two different nonmetal

elements

• Greek prefixes are used to indicate how

many atoms of each element are involved
Binary Covalent Compounds
Number of Atoms Prefix
1 mono-
2 di-
3 tri-
4 tetra-
5 penta-
6 hexa-
7 hepta-
8 octa-
9 nona-
10 deca-
 Binary Covalent Compounds
• some hydrogen cations don’t use the
prefixes

• Most cations don’t use the prefix “mono-”

Ex: H 2S - hydrogen monosulfide

CO - carbon monoxide
CO2 - carbon dioxide
P 4 S3 - tetraphosphorus trisulfide
 Transition metals
• Some metals can form more than one cation.

Ex: Fe+2 Fe+3

• To name such cations, the charge of the cation is

written in Roman Numerals and enclosed in
parenthesis.

Ex: Fe (II) Fe(III)

 Transition metals
• If the element has two common oxidation states,
we use the suffixes “-ous” and “-ic”
“-ous” - lesser charge is used
“-ic” - greater charge is used

Ex: Fe+2 Fe+3

Fe(II) Fe(III)
Ferrous Ferric
 Polyatomic anions
• Polyatomic anions with different number of
oxygen in them, we use the suffix “-ate” and “-ite”.
“-ate” - greater number of oxygen atoms
“-ite” - lesser number of oxygen atoms

Ex: NO3- NO2-

Nitrate Nitrite
 Polyatomic anions
• If there are more oxygen atoms involved, we use
the prefixes “per-” and “hypo-”, depending on the
variations a particular ion has.
“per-” - for oxygen more than “-ate”
“hypo-” - for oxygen more than “-ite”

Ex: ClO4- perchlorate

ClO3- chlorate
ClO2- chlorite
ClO- hypochlorite
 Nomenclature for Common Polyatomic Ions
Name Formula Name Formula
Ammonium NH4+ Hydrogen phosphate HPO42–
Acetate C2H3O2– Hydrogen sulfate HSO4–
Bicarbonate HCO3– Hydrogen sulfite HSO3–
Carbonate CO32– Hydroxide OH–
Chlorate ClO3– Hypochlorite HClO–
Chlorite ClO4– Nitrate NO3–
Chromate CrO42– Nitrite NO2–
Cyanate CNO– Oxalate C2O42–
Cyanide CN– Perchlorate ClO4–
Dichromate Cr2O72– Phosphate PO43–
Dihydrogen phosphate H2PO4– Sulfate SO42–
 Acids
• Compounds that when ionized, makes hydrogen
(one or more) their cations.

• If there is presence of oxygen in the anion:

Rule 1 : all anions ending in “-ate” form acids that

end in “-ic”
Ex: H+ + ClO3-  HClO3
hydrogen ion chlorate ion chloric acid
 Acids

Rule 2 : all anions ending in “-ite” form acids that

end in “-ous”

Ex: H+ + ClO2-  HClO2

hydrogen ion chlorite ion chlorous acid
 Acids
• Anions with “per-” and “-ate” forms acid with
“per-” and “-ic”
Ex: HClO4 - perchloric acid

• Anions with “hypo-” and “-ite” forms acid with

“hypo-” and “-ous”
Ex: HClO - hypochlorous acid
 Acids
• Acids without oxygen use the prefix “hydro-”
and suffix “-ic”.

Ex: HCl - hydrochloric acid

HBr - hydrobromic acid
HF - hydrofluoric acid
 Seatwork

In a group of 5, each member will answer

a question on a 1/8 sheet of paper
under 1 minute.
 Give the names of the compounds:

1. NO2
2. NaF
3. CaBr2
4. Na2S
5. SiO2
 Give the names of the compounds:

1. NO2 - nitrogen dioxide

2. NaF - sodium flouride
3. CaBr2 - calcium bromide
4. Na2S - sodium sulfide
5. SiO2 - silicon dioxide
 Give the formula of the following:
1. tetraphosphorus trisulfide
2. iron (II) phosphate
3. potassium perchlorate
4. ferric carbonate
5. hydroiodic acid
 Give the formula of the following:
1. tetraphosphorus trisulfide - P4S3
2. iron (II) phosphate - Fe3(PO4)2
3. potassium perchlorate - KClO4
4. ferric carbonate - Fe2(CO3)3
5. hydroiodic acid - HI
 Complete the equation
1. Ca + SO3 
2. Ba + PO4 
3. NH4 + S 
4. Fe(III) + SO3 
5. NH4 + CO3 
 Complete the equation
1. Ca + SO3  CaSO3
2. Ba + PO4  Ba3(PO4)2
3. NH4 + S  (NH4)2S
4. Fe(III) + SO3  Fe2(SO3)3
5. NH4 + CO3  (NH4)2CO3
“ Now the LORD God had formed out of
the ground all the wild animals and all
the birds in the sky. He brought them
to the man to see what he would
name them; and whatever the man
called each living creature, that was its
name.  So the man gave names to all
the livestock, the birds in the sky and
all the wild animals.”
Genesis 2:19-20