O B J E C T I V E S:

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able

to:

1. Identify the characteristics and qualities of a

teacher as a researching professional.

2. Discuss concepts about research and the different

research methods applicable in education.
• The Role of a Teacher in the 21st Century is
different from what it was 10 or many years ago.

• A teacher’s use of instructional strategies or

materials work more effectively in his/her
classroom is a product of research.
• About 70% thought that colleges and
universities should place more emphasis in the
areas which focus on the graduates capability
to be innovative and think creatively.

• 64% said that it would be on the graduates

ability to solve problems.
 and

of a
Teacher as a Researching
Professional
• Professionals verify ideas and practices believed
to be effective.

• Professionals discover new ideas and practices

that are exemplified by an idea that has been
extensively researched on and utilized in schools.
• Professionals clarify ideas that are
designated to simplify things.

• Professionals discover ideas and practices

that are counter-intuitive.
R – research oriented
E – efficient
S – scientific
E – effective
A – active
R – resourceful
C – creative
H – honest
E – economical
R – religious
• Research is a systematic, controlled, empirical and
critical investigation of hypothetical propositions.
(KERLINGER, 1972)

• Research is a purposive, systematic and scientific

process of gathering, analyzing, classifying,
organizing, presenting and interpreting data for
the solution of a problem. (CALDERON AND
GONZALES, 1993)
• Research is the process of gathering data and
information to solve a particular or specific
problem. (HALPIN, 1996)

• Research in its broadest sense is an attempt to

gain solution to problems. It is the collection of
data in a rigorously controlled situation for the
purpose of prediction or explanation.
(QUINTON,2006)
Empirical Critical
Methodical Cyclical
Replicability Analytical
Logical
According To:

• Purpose
• Goal
• Level of investigation
• Choice of answers to problems
• Statistical content
• Time element
• Problem Identification
• Literature Review
• Research Design
• Data Collection
• Data Presentation, Analysis,
And Interpretation
• Formulation Of Implications
And Conclusions
Chapter I: The Problem And Its Scope
Introduction/Rationale
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework
Statement Of The Problem
Statement Of The Hypothesis
Basic Assumptions Of The Study
Scope And Limitation Of The Study
Significance Of The Study
Chapter II: Review Of Related Literature

Foreign And Local Literature

Foreign And Local Studies

Chapter III: Methodology

Design
Environment
Subjects
Instruments
Procedure
Chapter IV: Presentation, Analysis, And
Interpretation Of Data

Chapter V: Summary Of Findings,

Conclusions, And Recommendations

References:
Bibliography
Appendices
Reporter:

Shailee Ann Sebuc

Glenda Salufrania
Michelle Jardinel
The definition of counterintuitive is
something that goes against what you
believe would be logical, or something
that goes against common sense.
• Empirical research is
defined as any research
where conclusions of
the study is strictly
drawn from concretely
empirical evidence,
and therefore
“verifiable” evidence.
• Methodical
research is
conducted in a
manner without
bias using systemic
method and
procedures.
• Replicability research refers
to the possibility of
replicating someone else’s
work or results to establish
its validity.

• This is not plagiarism. It is

about being able to validate a
someone else’s work by
trying to reproduce their
result using the methods that
they have proposed.
• Logical research is
founded on
principles and
valid procedures.
• Critical research
demonstrates careful
and precise
judgment using a
higher level of
confidence.
• Analytical research is a
specific type of research that
involves critical thinking skills
and the evaluation of facts and
information relative to
the research being conducted.

• A variety of people including

students, doctors and
psychologists use analytical
research during studies to find
the most relevant information.
• Cyclical research,
as a cycle starts
with a problem
and ends with a
problem
• Predictive and Prognostic Research
– it determines the future operation
of the variables under investigation
to control or redirect such.

• Directive Research – it finds out

what should be done based on the
findings to remedy a certain
condition.

• Illuminative Research – it looks into

the interaction of the components of
the variables being investigated.
• Basic Research – it refers to
the development of theories
and principles.

• Applied Research – it refers

to the application of pure
research which is utilized
to test the efficacy of
theories and principles.
Example:

The experiment of B.F Skinner to the cat

which leads to the reinforcement
• Exploratory Research –
primarily concerned with
discovery and with generating a
theory.

• Descriptive Research –
investigates prevailing
conditions, processes, cause and
effect relationships.

• Experimental Research –
determines the effects of the
variables on each other.
• Evaluation Research – in this
research, all possible courses
of action are identified and
considered to be used as bases
in making decisions.

• Developmental Research – in
this study, the focus is on
finding or developing more
suitable system or process.
• Quantitative – this is
characterized by the use of
statistical analysis or where
inferential statistics is utilized to
determine the results of the
study.

• Qualitative – this is where

statistics is practically not
utilized but description which
involves collecting data in the
natural setting where these data
are analyzed rationally not
statistically.
• Historical Research – systematic and
critical inquiry of the whole truth of
past events using the critical method
in the interpretation of facts.

• Descriptive Research – studies the

present condition and seeks to
understand the nature,
characteristics, components and
aspects of a phenomenon.

• Experimental Research – seeks to

answer questions about cause and
effect relationship.
• Most important step in
research process. A very
difficult and challenging
and need a lot of time.

• One specific statement of

the problem.
• The process provides the
researcher the concepts or
theoretical framework of
the planned research
which provides the
information about past
researches related to the
intended study and lends
support to the researchers
assumptions and
procedures.
• The entire procedure of
planning and carrying out a
research study as well as
the description of the
sources of data, the data-
gathering procedure to
follow, the instruments to be
used and finally, the data
processing technique.
• Refers to the method of
gathering relevant data to
provide information such
as interview, questionnaire,
observation, etc..
• Manner of organizing the
collected data, analyzing,
and interpreting to give
meaning to those data based
on the specific
problems/objectives and
hypothesis.
• Brief statements based on
the findings of the study
for other researchers to
learn from.