Presented By

Mr. Vivek Wani

Mr. Sushant Shelar
Mr. Ishwar Mhaisdhune
Ms. Akansha Jadhav
Guided By
Prof. K.D.PATIL
 CONTENTS
•Introduction
•Objective of the Study
•Problem statement
•Scope of Work
•Literature Review
•Methodology
•Result and Analysis
•References
Introduction
• To obtain certain desired characteristics such as high compressive strength,
high workability, and high performance and durability parameters.

• The properties commonly modified are the heat of hydration, accelerate or

retard setting time, workability, water reduction, dispersion and air-
entrainment, impermeability and durability factors.
• Initial time of setting is the time required by the cement for its early setting.
• Cement must be applied to the place of its use before its initial setting . Generally
the initial setting time of cement (OPC) is 30 min.
• Retarding admixtures are those compound which are used to slow down the
chemical process of hydration due to which the concrete remain plastic and
workable for a longer time than normal concrete without changing its mechanical
properties such as strength.
As unlikely as this seems, sugar is actually a well known “retardant” of concrete
and is often used to help adjust the setting times, especially in emergencies.
Builders use retardants to slow down the setting of concrete, particularly in
warm weather, to make it more “plastic” and give them more time to work with
the material. There are a number of commercially available chemicals that can
be used to do this, but common salt and sugars are also effective. In the case of
sugar, the setting process is slowed down because it interferes with the chemical
reaction that causes cement to set when water is added. Concrete is made using
cement, which is a combination of crushed and heated limestone, clay and
gypsum; aggregate, such as gravel and sand; and water. Adding water causes a
chemical reaction called hydration, where hydrogen from the water combines
with calcium, sulphate, aluminium and silicon from the cement.
• Adsorption of retarding compound on the
nuclei of Calcium Hydroxide which defers the
growth which is necessary for the hydration
process.

• The retarding admixtures tend to form a film

around the cement particles thereby
preventing these materials
• Current market rate of Sugar is Rs. 38-48 /- per kg
which is less than the market rate of Chemical
Retarders which is Rs. 87-120 /- per liter.

• So basically we can save Rs. 49-72 /- per liter by

using Sugar instead of Chemical Retarder.
• It improves workability of concrete and helps in better placement and handling.
• It delays the setting time of concrete in order to give time for it to be placed.
• Due to the retarding action, the 1-day strength is reduced but the ultimate
strength of concrete is improved.
• The appearance of the concrete is greatly improved and finished concrete has
better texturing.
• The rates of drying shrinkage and creep increase due to the addition of retarding
admixtures which can cause cracks and long-term failure.
• Sugar interferes with the cement binding process in the concrete. Note that
concrete and cement are not the same.
• Concrete is made by combining cement, water and a filler material called an
“aggregate,” like gravel or sand.
• Most cement is made from limestone and clay.
• It reacts with water to form a hardening paste that binds the aggregate together
to produce hard concrete.
• This hardening process is called hydration
 Objectives of Study
• To study the change in setting time of cement
by using sugar.
• Replacing chemical retarders by natural Sugar.
• To study the effect of sugar on compressive
strength of concrete.
• To promote sugar as an optimum retarder.
 Scope of project

• We can get easy and user friendly retarder.

• In case of transportation of cement mortor we can use this instant
retarder instead of waiting for the availibility of chemical retarder.
• We can improve the compressive strength just by adding sugar instead of
addition of chemical admixtures.
• We can replace pollution causing chemical admixtures by environment
friendly admixture i.e. sugar.
 Problem statement
• In situation where there is a pollution due to use of chemical admixtures,
chemical retarders are also added to delay the setting time of cement,
thereby facilitating the transportation. The cost of procuring these
chemicals is increasing rapidly and most developing countries are finding it
difficult to cope. Therefore, where cheaper alternatives can be found, to
replace or supplement the conventional retarders , their use would be a
welcome benefit for the poorer less developed countries.
• Pollution and increase in heat of hydration related problems associated
with chemical admixtures.
• Also they are not as easily available as sugar.
 Literature study
Sr No Title of Paper Author Year
1 Experimental study of Effect of Sugar on Abhijeet 2017
Properties of Concrete Kawade

2 The Impact of Sugar on Setting -Time of Usman 2017

Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Paste and
Compressive Strength of Concrete.
3 Experimental Study on Strength Aftab Aalm 2016
Characteristics of Cement Concrete by
Adding Sugar Waste
4 Experimental Study On Effect of Sugar Yogesh 2015
Powder On Strength of cement Suryavanshi
5 Effect of Sugar and Jaggery on Strength Giridhar 2013
Properties of Concrete
AUTHOR: Giridhar.V,Gnaneswar . K, and
Kishore Kumar Reddy.
 Methodology
• Literature survey.
• Collection of Raw Material.
• Preparation of samples.
• Tesing for Intial setting time by using various proportion of sugar.
• Tabulation and analysis of Results.
• Testing for compressive strength using various proprtion of sugar.
• Comparitive Analysis.
• Project Report Preparation.
• Paper presentation.
• Report completion and final submission.
Testing for Initial Setting Time of Cement
Cube Casting
 Observations
Sr no Sugar content by % Initial setting time Final setting time
weight of cement
1 0.00 115 310

2 0.05 157 389

3 0.10 135 313

4 0.20 104 188

5 0.40 68 98
 Observations
Sr no Sugar content by % Compressive strength Compressive Compressive strength
weight of cement on 3 day strength on 7 days on 28 days

1 0.00 12.67 17.58 34.10

2 0.05 12.69 17.47 35.00
3 0.10 11.77 17.46 29.00
4 0.20 5.65 11.25 27.93
5 0.40 0.00 1.17 27.30
 Results and Conclusions
• Initial and Final setting time of cement delayed by 20 to 80 Minutes up to 0.10%
addition of sugar.
• After 0.10% as we increase the rate of addition of sugar then Setting time decreases
gradually.
• Compressive strength of cement is increased by 3 to 4 % upto 0.05% of addition of
sugar.
• After 0.05% as we increase the rate of addition of sugar then the compressive
strength of cement decreases gradually.
• Sugar can be introduced as effective Retarder.
• We can replace the chemical retarders by Natural Sugar.
• We can do awareness about use of natural retarders.
• We can provide Household Alternative retarder for delaying setting time.
 Referances
• Fattuhi N.I. (1988). The setting of mortar mixes subjected to different temperatures. An International Journal of Cement and
Concrete Research, Vol.15, No.1.
• Neville A.M.(1995). Properties of concrete(2nd.ED) Longman Group Limited. ,Portland Cement Association (1968). Design and
Control of Concrete Mixes (11th.ED) 5420Old Orchard Road, Skokie, Illions 60076.
• Kjellsen K.O., Det Wilter J.R. & Gjrv E.O. (1990). Pore structure of plain cement pastes hydrated at different temperatures. An
International Journal of Cement and Concrete Research, Vol.20, No.6.
• Maslehuddin M., Page C.L. & Rasheeduzzfar (1997). Temperature effects on the pore solution chemistry in contaminated cements.
Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol.49, No.178.
• Al-Gahtani H.J.; Abbasi A-G.F. & Al-Moudi O.S.B. (1998). Concrete mixing design for hot weather: Experimental and statistical
analysis. Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol.50, No.2.
• ASTM Standards for cement and concrete, 1982
• Banfil P.F.G. & Saunders D.C. (1986). The relationship between the sorption of organic compounds and cement and the retardation of
hydration. An International Journal of Cement and Concrete Research, Vol.6, No.3.
• Erdogan T.Y. (1997). Admixtures for Concrete, Middle East Technical University Ankara-Turkey.
• Thomas N.L. & Birchall J.D. (1983) The retarding action of sugars on cement hydration. An International Journal of Cement and
Concrete Research, Vol.13, No.6.
THANK YOU