Intermediate

Unit 1
Language and Culture
 Vocabulary

1. Greeting
2. Formal greeting
3. Informal greeting
4. Whisper
5. First language
6. Mime
 WARM UP
1. Stand up and greet the person next to you
using your first language.
GREET EACH OTHER USING ENGLISH
Repeat the exercise using another
language which is not your 1ST
and English.
Greet each other with a whisper
Greet each other as loudly as possible
Greet each other using only mime, not words.
Do know that there are other ways
to say hello
Try to list them in your exercise books.
For example
1. Hello
2. Hi
3. Hey
4. …
 Vocabulary: Greetings
Informal greetings Neutral / Formal greetings
• Hey. • Hello.
• Hi! • Good evening.
• Hiya! • Nice to meet you.
• How is it going? • Good morning.
• Morning !
• Hi there.
• How are things?
 Listening 1.
We are going to listen to different conversations
in which people are greeting each other.
For each situation I would like to answer the
questions.
1. Is the greeting between the people formal or
informal?
2. Do the people know each other?
3. Where could they be?
 Reading: The Hobbit
• An imaginary small creature like a human
described in books by J.R.R Tolkien.
 New vocabularies
• at last- previous/ most recent
• at once – on one occasion
• Cross- go one cross from one side to another.
• Gaze – look/ stare
• Leaned --- to sit or stand with part of your body
touching something as a support
• get rid of – to remove /get away of something/some
• move off
• till -untill
 Grammar: State and Action Verbs
Action Verbs
• Action verbs are used to
describe things that happen
now.
• We use them in the present
simple and present
continuous.
• Examples: run, sit, speak,
jump, watch…..etc.
State Verbs
• State verbs are used to describe
states like being, possessing ,
feeling and thinking.
• State verbs are not usually used
with the present continuous.
• Examples: agree, believe, love,
like, agree, understand, seem,
fit, feel, need, want, last,
remember, matter, realize,
hate, own, mean,..etc
 Note:

Some state verbs are used as action

verbs in informal contexts.
Example: I am loving it.
 Vocabulary and pronunciation
Warm up -speaking
Ask each other these questions
a) Do you use English at work? If so, what for?
b) Did you use English at work? If so, what for?
c) Is English used in your country in any particular jobs?
Useful phrases
use the following phrases:
- I use English at work to …………………….
- I sometimes use English because ………………………………
- Often use English because ………………………………..
- People who work as …………………….. Use English to ……..
- People who work in ………………………….. Use English to ……….
 English for Specific Purpose
• People who work as …use
………English.
• For Example:
People who work as engineers
use technical English.
• Chemist= scientific
• Engineer= technical
• Pilot= aviation
• lawyer= legal
• Manager= business
• Doctor = medical
 Vocabulary
• air traffic control officer
• emergency
• engine
• safety
 Present Simple and Present Continuous

Affirmative Negative Question

Present I/ You/ We/ They speak I/ You/ We/ They do not Do I / You/ We/they speak
Simple Russian. speak Russian. Russian?
He/ She/ It speaks He/ She/ It does not Does he/ she/ it speak
Russian. speak Russian. Russian?

Present I am speaking French. I am not speaking French. Am I speaking French?

Continuous You / We/ They are You / We/ They are not Are you / we/ they speaking
speaking French. speaking French. French?
He/ She/ It is speaking He/ She/ It is not Is he/she/it speaking
French. speaking French. French?
 Present Simple and Present Continuous

Present Simple Present Continuous

• Use the present simple to • Use the present continuous to
talk about habits and talk about things that are
routines and about things happening now and about
that are always true. temporary and changing
situations.
• We don’t usually use the
present continuous with state
verbs.

What are state verbs?

Give some examples?
 Speaking: Useful phrases
• I speak…..as first language
• I speak ……….as foreign language
• I speak ………quite well/ fluently
• I speak a few words of ….
• At the moment I am learning……
 Extend Your Vocabulary
Look
• Look at=
move your eyes so you can see.
• Look after some thing=
take care of.
• Look for something=
to find it
• Look around somewhere =
see what is there
• Look up something=
to find it in a book, a list or
using compute.
Examples
• Why are you looking at me?
• She looks after her child.
• I am looking for my book.
try • I am looking around the
museum.
• He is looking up a word in
the dictionary.
try
 WARM UP
1. Can you name a city that has a lot of culture?
2. Why do you think it has culture?
That make a city have a lot of culture are:
a) art
b) museums
c) monuments
d) history
e) theatre
 Extend your vocabulary
LOOK
1. If you look at something , you move your eyes
so you can see
2. If you look after something, you take care of it.
3. If you look around somewhere, you see what is
there .
4. If you look up something, you try and find it in a
book, a list or using a computer.
5. If you look for something, you try find it.
 Grammar : Questions
• In questions with be the verb
goes before the subject.
Example: Is she a famous
composer?
• In present simple or past
simple questions, the
auxiliary verb do/did goes
before subject.
When does the country have
election?
Where did the first president
come from?
• In questions with modals,
questions in the present or
past continuous and present
or past perfect the subject
goes between the auxiliary
verb (can, will, is, was, has
etc) and the main verb .
Examples : Where can I study
English?
Have you taken a citizenship
test?
 Collocations
What is collocation?
Collocation is the combination of words formed
when two or more words are often used
together in a way that sounds correct.
 Collocations for describing places
• international airport
• ancient monuments
• tourist attractions
• designer boutiques
• cultural events
• modern architecture
 Culture
Culture culture
• Culture with capital C refers • culture with a small c refers
to music, literature, and the to beliefs, values, traditions
visual arts. It also includes and the everyday life of a
facts and statistics about a particular community.
national group and society. • Example:
• Examples: Do Somali people hug each
What colour is the Somali flag? other when they meet?
 Subject / Object questions
Object questions
• When a question word is the
object of a present simple
question use do or does.
Example :
Which city do you like best?
• When a question word is the
object of past simple question
use did.
• Example :
Where did you live when you were
in America?
Subject questions
• When a question word is the
subject of a present simple or
past simple question, we don’t
use do/does/or did.
Example :
Who coloured the picture?
Who said that?
 Recommendations
Making recommendations Replying to recommendations
• I would suggest…. • That sounds good.
• You shouldn’t miss… • That is good.
• I can really recommend • That is a good idea.
• What about…? • That is great.
• You could try…. • That sounds great.
• There are lots of good… • I think we will do that..
• I don’t think we will do….
 Debate
When you visit a new place it is better to stay in
somebody’s home than staying in a hotel.
 Vocabulary
Cultural terms New words
• barbie= barbecue • adapt
• bucks= dollars • enable
• wee= small • outsider
• robots= traffic lights • unconscious
• shaadi= a wedding • personality
 In addition, as well
• Use in addition at the • Use as well at the end of
beginning of a sentence. a sentence.
In addition to his flat in London,
Invite Ali and Husain as
he has a villa in Italy.
well.

• Use in addition or as well as • Use also with a verb in the

before a noun. middle of the sentence.
I can speak English, Arabic as well as She is a photographer and also
French. writes books.
In addition to English, I also speak
Arabic.
 Writing a report (1)
1. A Paragraph:
Before you start writing, make a plan and organise your ideas in
paragraphs. A paragraph can be defined as a group of sentences
about a single idea or topic.

2.Topic sentences:
Writers often state the main idea of the paragraph in the first
sentence. This is known as the topic sentence and it helps
the reader follow the structure of the writing.

3. Supporting Sentences:
The sentences after the topic sentence are called supporting
sentences. They provide details, examples, a definition or
explanation of the topic sentence, and should follow a logical
order.
 Writing Rules
• You should have a separate book for writing.
• Improve your handwriting.
• Do not write with red pen.
• Use your own words not the dictionary examples.
• Check the dictionary for spelling only and may be the
meaning.
• Pay attention to capitalization.
• Learn where to put full stop at the end of the sentence.
• A statement ends with a full stop and a question ends with a
question mark.
• Pay attention to word order.
 Writing Assignments
• Write a report on languages in your country. Talk
about the mother tongue, the official language/
languages, the medium of education and other
dialects.

• Write about a town you have visited or know

about. Include a mixture of ‘capital C’ and ‘small
c’.
 Book Report
• Title : Name of the book
• Author : The writer
• Setting : The time and the place in
which the action of the book happens.
Example: The book has its setting in a
wartime prison camp.
• Main Characters: Most important
people in the story
• Review of the book:
1. Write a summary of the story.
2. Write your opinion about the book.
Example:
This is a very interesting story that makes
you read again and again.
The story is boring though you can learn
some new vocabularies.
• What was the most interesting
thing you learned?
Examples: learned about a country,
moral lesson(being honest, telling
the truth, being patient), how to
solve a problem……etc.
Would you recommend this book to a
friend?
Example: Yes, I would strongly
recommend this book to a friend
because he/she can learn the
importance of being honest as well
as plenty of words and useful
expressions that can improve his
writing and speaking.
 Today’s Proverb

• Proverb :
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
• Explanation:
People with problems expect their friends to help them.