Terrorism: Impact on

Pakistan’s socio,
political, economic
security and strategic
policy
Presented by Mass Communication
Students of National University of
Modern Languages Islamabad

Zara Habib
Rida Hamna Iftikhar
Ahmed Bilal
Abu Bakar Khan
Muhammad Asim Khan
 What is “Terrorism”?

Definition:
“It means to use force or aggression against
a person, group or govt. The aim of such destructive
activity is to create fear & alarm in the masses.”

• An organized terrorist group can use political or

religious motives for the justification of their
actions.

• Irish Republican Army, Tamil Tiger, ISIS.

 Beginning of terrorism in
Pakistan:
• Terrorism started right after independence of Pakistan
and continued till 1950’s, 1960’s and 1970’s.

• Independent Baluchistan movements.

1. Prince Agha Abdul Karim Baloch and Muhammad

Rahim started insurgency attacks on army in 1950’s.
2. BLF(Baloch Liberation Front) founded in 1964.
3. Khair Bakhsh Marri, Attaullah Mengal and Ghaus
Bakhsh Bizenjo started arms struggle against the state
in 1970’s.

• RAW, KHAD, KGB supported them.

 Terrorism in Pakistan
during 1980’s:

• Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979.

• Pakistan supported Mujahedeen groups in the war.
• In retaliation terrorism started in Pakistan.
1. Al-Zulfiqar.
2. Baloch insurgency.

• Iranian Revolution 1979 (sectarian violence).

1. Sipah-e-Sahaba (1985).

• RAW, KHAD, KGB and Libyan government

supported them.
 9/11 attacks and Pakistan:

• Al-Qaeda blamed was immediately blamed for 9/11

attacks.

• In 2001 America invaded Afghanistan and Taliban

govt fell.

• General Musharraf's U-Turn.

1. Help in taking down Taliban govt.
2. Giving NATO supply route.
3. Drone attacks in FATA.

• Desperation, exploitation and wrong policies created

Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan.

• RAW, NDS, CIA supported

TTP/ISIS/BLA/Blackwater.
 Social Impact of terrorism
in Pakistan:
• Extremism, Anarchy and intolerance in society.

• Cultural events effect.

• Frustration in societies.

• Sectarianism in society.

• 70,000 civilian lost their lives.

• Attacks on public areas(APS, Marrriot, Railway stations,
Universities)
• Pakistan seen as dangerous country.

• Tourism in Pakistan.

• Post war traumatic stress syndrome/ Psychological issues.

• Unemployment and hunger forced people to join terror

groups.
 Political Impact of
Terrorism in Pakistan:

• Politicians were targeted by terrorist groups such as, Sher Pao,

Asfandyar Wali, Haroon Balor, Moulana Fazlul-Rehman, Shuja
Khanzada, General Musharraf and Benazir Bhutto.

• Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan did not let ANP and other political

parties participate in their election campaigns.

• Propaganda against Pakistan’s nuclear capabilities.

• Political instability in Pakistan caused by terrorism.

• Terrorism is a hurdle in democratic system.

• International isolation of Pakistan caused by terrorism.

 Economic impacts
1. Terrorism impedes economic growth by damaging infrastructure, foreign trade,
foreign investment, domestic savings, the currency exchange rate, tourism, and
domestic capital formation, and by increasing inflation, brain drain, capital flight,
debt burden, and government expenditure, among others.
2. Pakistan army conducted military operations against the terrorists to flush them
out. For security and civil relief operations up to US $ 4 billion (2.4 percent of
average GDP) additional expenditures incurred on the annual budget.
3. In 2016-17, Pakistan economy suffered $5.47 billion and $2.07 billion on 2017-18.
Pakistani government estimates that Pakistan has suffered total losses of $126.79
billion since 9/11 attacks.
4. Terrorism destroy agriculture in Pakistan .agriculture is the main source of revenue
for the people.
5. The link between peace and economic growth is indispensable because economic
development cannot occur without peace, and peace and security without growth
may not be sustainable. Terrorism has both a direct and indirect effect on economic
growth.
6. Terrorists destroy existing plants, machines, transportation systems, workers, and
other economic resources.
7. Terrorism affects FDI in many ways. Terrorism increases insecurity and uncertainty
in the country, which causes a loss of confidence in foreign investors, causing them
to divert their resources from the host country to other, peaceful countries.
8. Pakistan tourism industry generates $20 billion in revenue and supports 3.6 million
jobs directly and indirectly, according to the World Travel and Tourism Council.
Foreign visitors generate nearly a billion US$ in exports. Terrorism destroy these
industry in the last few year .
9. The Government of Pakistan has announced a 2019–20 Defense budget of PKR1.
15 trillion (USD7. 6 billion), a 1.3% increase over the revised military expenditure
in 2018–19
 Strategic policy:
• Initial military operations against terrorist groups:
1. Operation Rah-e-Haq (2007) Swat.
2. Operation Rah-e-Rast (2009) Swat.
3. Operation Rah-e-Nijat (2009) South Wazitistan
4. Operation Zarb-e-Azb/(Khyber-1/2/3). (2014)
5. Operation Rad-ul-Fasad. (2017)

• National Action Plan initiated by government.

• FATF(Financial action task force) has put Pakistan on the grey

list.
 Conclusions and Recommendations:

1. Continuation of military operations against terrorist groups

2. Implementation of National Action Plan with utmost honesty.

3. Civil-military leaderships must get united against any kind of foreign or domestic threat.

4. Pakistani political parties must stand united despite of ideological and political differences.

5. Opposition must support the government when national interest is in stake.

6. Pakistani society must stand united.

 Any
questions?