Power Supply

Equipment's:

1. Transformer
2. Rectifier
3. Capacitor
4. Voltage Regulator , Voltage divider, Zener diode
 Power Supply
Transformer:
• Transformer is a device that transfers power from one circuit to another.
• Step down: High voltage and low current to low voltage and high current
used for distribution power to low voltage device such as transistor,
diode , home application etc.
• Step up: Low voltage and high current to high voltage and low current
as power transformer to transfer power to long distance.
• For isolating two circuit.
 Power Supply
• For making 12V,5Vdc power supply , we need single phase step down
transformer.
• Transformer rating: 220V/12V
 Power Supply
Diode: 1N4001,
1N4002,1N4003
 Power Supply
Rectifier Diodes:
The next step in building a dc power supply is to convert the lower
secondary ac voltage of the transformer to a pulsated dc voltage.
1. Half wave rectifier: (not economical)
1. Full wave rectifier:

Pulsated dc
Capacitor:
The pulsating dc voltage is not pure dc so s filter capacitor is placed
across the dc output terminals of the bridge rectifier.
• This capacitor smooth out the dc pulsations and gives an almost pure
dc output load voltage .
• The value of the capacitor is 500uF or more (Electrolytic)
•Voltage
  Divider:
• We can use voltage divider to get 5V dc.
• Vout =
• =
• Taking R1 = 1Kohm
• R = 714.28ohm (you do not found R = 714.28ohm in market)
• So , taking R = 500ohm
• Vout = 5.33V
• Use zener diode to stabilize the voltage at 5V.
 R1
1k

B1
16V

+16.0
Volts

R2
500 +5.33
Volts

Fig: without zener diode

 R1
1k

B1
16V

+16.0
Volts

R2
500 D1 +5.00
1N4733A Volts

With zener diode

Voltage regulator:
• LM-7805 convert 5V from (5V to 35V)
 A

D2 D1
V1
VSINE U1
DIODE DIODE
7805

1 3
VI VO

GND
2
D3 D4
C1
500uF
DIODE DIODE R1
10k

+15.4
Volts +5.01
Volts
 A

D2 D1

DIODE DIODE

V1
VSINE

R1
1k

D3 D4
C1
500uF +15.4
DIODE DIODE Volts

R2
500 D5 +4.98
1N4733A Volts
•Choosing
  Capacitor value:
• Vrms =
• Vrms = = 1.6
• ∆V = 3.5*Vrms = 3.5*1.6 = 5.6V
• C = = = 892.8uF ≈ 1000uF

∆V
THANK YOU