COMPUTER NETWROKS

THE NEED FOR BEING CONNECTED

• To share information with other computers, our computer must be connected to them.
• We connect our computer to a very large and powerful computer called a SERVER.
THE NETWORK
A COMPUTER NETWORK is a network of computers and hardware devices connected by
wires.
A Network consists of many people or devices connected to one another in some way.
 THE SENDING DEVICE
A SENDING DEVICE sends data over a network. When a
computer needs to use a printer or a program on a server, it
sends a request to the server This computer is a sending
device .

THE RECEIVING DEVICE

A RECEIVING DEVICE receive data or signals sent by a
sending device. In the previous example, the server is
the receiving device.
 THE TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
A TRANSMISSION MEDIUM carries signals from a sending device to a receiving device.
Example: Wires and Cables

There are three main types of cables.

I. A COAXIAL CABLE consist of a single conducting wire made of copper.

II. A TWISTED PAIR CABLE consist of two wires twisted around each other .

III. A FIBRE OPTIC CABLE carries data in the form of light signals.
 THE COMPUTER NETWORK
A COMPUTER NETWORK is a group of computers connected to each other by a transmission
medium.

I. THE HUB
A hub connects the computers in a network. Cables from all the computers are
connected to the hub. It’s also called a REPEATER.

II. THE SWITCH

A switch receives signals and delivers them to the receiving computer only.

III. THE ROUTER

Router connects two networks.
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

• PEER-TO-PEER NETWORK
In peer-to-peer network there is no central computer.

• CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK
In client/server network a central computer acts as a server .
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)

In a local area network (LAN) all the networked

computers are located in the same building.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
A metropolitan area network (MAN) combines two or
more LANs. It connects computers located in different
parts a city.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
A wide area network (wan) connects several LANs and
MANs
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

Topology means arrangement. We can arrange computers in different ways in

a network. These different arrangements are called network topologies.
There are three main network topologies:

 Bus Topology.

 Ring Topology.

 Star Topology.
BUS TOPOLOGY
In a bus topology all the computers are connected to
the server by a single cable called a BACKBONE
RING TOPOLOGY
In a ring topology all the computers are connected in a
loop. Each computer is called a NODE.
STAR TOPOLOGY
In a star topology computers are connected by a
separate cables to a hub.
Thank You.. 
PRESENTED BY

SANA KHURSHEED
VII-F