PT.

LESTARI BANTEN ENERGI

On Job Training at Tanjung Bin Power Plant

Erick Immanuel
Trainee Engineer
Electrical Department
Electrical System at Generator
Transformer
TBPP in general 26/500 kV

GCB
UAT Trans.
26/11 kV Excitation
26/1.14
kV
load 11 kV
Generator
26 kV

load 3.3 kV

load 415V
Generator
TOSHIBA
Three Phase Synchronous Generator
Phase 3
Pole 2
Rated Power 934000 kVA
Armature Current 20741 A
Voltage 26 kV+5%
Rated Speed 3000 rpm
Frequency 50 Hz
Power Factor 0.85
Excitation Voltage 590 V
Field Current 5550 A
Stator Connection Y
Stator Winding Coolant Water
Rotor Winding Coolant Hydrogen
Stator Insulation Class F
Rotor Insulation Class F
Generator
Generator system Monitor
 Inspection Carbon Brush
 Monitor the temperature of stator winding, rotor
winding, stator core and bearing metal
 Monitor the pressure temperature inlet/outlet of
water stator cooler
 Monitor the pressure and temperature inlet/outlet
of hydrogen rotor cooler
 Monitor the conductivity of water stator cooler
 Monitor the purity of the hydrogen
 Monitor the temperature inlet/outlet cooler of
hydrogen and water cooler
 Monitor the pressure (difference with pressure H2)
and temperature of the hydrogen Sealing oil system
 Monitoring the pressure and temperature of oil
lubrication
 Monitor the Partial Discharge
 Monitor the shaft voltage
 Monitor the vibration
Generator Protection (REG 216)
21 Minimal Impedance Protection
24G Saturation (V/Hz) Protection
27 Undervoltage Protection
32.1 Reverse Power Protection (High Setting)
32.2 Reverse Power Protection (low setting)
40 Loss of excitation protection
46 Negative Sequence Protection
50BF Breaker Failure
51VVoltage Control Overcurrent Protection
59GN 95% Stator Ground Fault Protection
59 Overvoltage
64GN 100% Stator Ground Fault Protection
78 Pole Slipping Protection
81H Overfrequency Protection
81L.1 Overfrequency Protection (47.5Hz/10sec)
81L.2 Overfrequency Protection (47Hz/Inst)
87G Generator Differensial Protection
60 (VTFF) Voltage Balance Protection (VT fuse loss detection)
50 O/L Generator Overload Protection
Generator Protection

64GN 87G 87G 32.1 32.1 21 21

78 78 32.2 32.2 24G 24G
21 21 40 40 27 27
50OL 50OL 32.1 32.1
46 46 32.2 32.2
50BF 50BF 40 40
51V 51V 51V 51V
87G 87G 59, 60 59, 60
78, 78,
81H 81H
81L1 81L1
81L2 81L2
Generator Protection

Neutral
Grounding
Transformer
To protect the generator from
the damage caused of fault
current.
Generator Transformator

TMT&D Transformator
YNd1
Freq 50Hz
Phase 3
Type of Cooling ONAN/ODAF
Rated Power 445/890 MVA
HV 525 kV
LV 26 kV
Tap-changer On-load
Oil
• Transformer 90000 L
• Tap-changer 600 L
• Radiator Bank 22400 L
Generator Transformer Monitor
 Monitor any defect, abnormality sound (at fan, bushing, transformer body), leakage etc
 Monitor the Partial Discharge and DGA (on-line)
 Take a sampling oil to testing DGA and Dielectric Strengh test and also detect some
moisture at the oil (at lab)
 Monitor the oil temperature, HV winding temperature and LV winding temperature
 Monitor the Changing of the silica gel (color)
Generator Transformer Protection (REG 216)

50/51T Overcurrent Protection

51NT Ground Fault Protection
87OA Overall Differential Protection
24T Saturation (V/Hz) Protection
59NB Busbar Ground Fault Protection
87T Differential Protection
87NT Restricted Ground Fault

26T Oil Temperature Relay (2nd)

49T Overload Relay (Winding Temp 2nd)
63T1 Buchholz Relay
63T2 Tap Changer buchholz Relay
63TP Pressure Relief Device
63TC Tap Changer pressure relief device
71T Oil level low
Generator Transformer Protection
To UAT

From To
Generator Grid

To excit.
trans

24T 59NB 87T 51NT 87NT 50/51T 87OA

87T
87OA

87OA
 Motor
 To convert the electrical energy to mechanical energy

AC Motor DC Motor

Induction Motor Synchronous Motor

How to choose the motor?

 Power
 High or Low ambient Temperature
 High Altitude
 Duty Cycle
 Excessive start
 High Inertia Motor
 Voltage and Frequency variation
 Variable speed
 Overload (SF)
 Temperature that expose to the motor (insulation)
Name plate of Motor
 Manufacturer’s name
 Serial number
 Number of phase
 Rated Output
 Rated Voltage
 Rated Current
 Frequency
 Rated Speed or range of speed
 Rated power factor
 IP, IC, IM
 SF
IP (Index Protection)
IC – Method of Cooling
IC8A1W7

Circuit Arrangment

Primary Coolant

Method of Movement (Primary)

Secondary Coolant

Method of Movement (Secondary)

IC – Method of Cooling
Circuit Arrangment
IC – Method of Cooling
Coolant

Characteristic Letter Coolant

A Air

F Freon

H Hydrogen

N Nitrogen

C Carbon dioxide

W Water

U Oil
IC – Method of Cooling
Method of Movement
IM
Type of Constructions and
Mounting Arragment

IM B.. For Horizontal,

ex IM B3, IM B5
IM B3 IM B5

IM V.. For Vertical

Ex IM V1, IM V2

IM V1 IM V2
Operating Motor
 STARTING

DOL (direct) Y-Δ Soft-starter

M M
Operating Motor
Variable Speed

 Change the frequency (for AC motor)

 Change the voltage (for DC motor)

For AC motor

 VFD (Variable Frequency Drive)

 LCI (Load Comutated Inverter)
 SFC (Static Frequency Converter)
Protection of Motor
 Overload Protection
◦ Thermal
◦ Over current Relay
 Short circuit Protection
◦ Over current Relay
◦ Differential Relay
 Undervoltage Protection
 Ground Fault
 Termal Protection
Maintenace of Motor
 Greasing
 Inspect (moisture, temperature and pressure) oil lubricating
 Testing (Megger, Resistivity of Winding)
 Rewinding
 Maintain the temperature of coolant (if any)
 Inspect the temperature of motor ( REL IR termograph or by touching first)
 Check the noise level
 Inspect the abnormality sound
 Measure the vibration (REL)
 Inspect (clean) the commutator and brush, change if needed (Synchronous
and DC motor)
Transformer Online Monitoring
 DGA
 OLTC
 Bushing
DGA online monitoring

To detect any problem inside the transformer, example : overheated oil,

overheated cellulose, partial discharge, arcing

Transformer at TBPP uses Hydran M2 from GE to analize dissolve gas in oil

transformer
DGA online monitoring

Gases that detect by Hydran M2 :

 H (Hydrogen)
2
 CO (Carbon Monoxide)
 C2H4 (Ethylene)
 C2H2 (Acethlene)
DGA online monitoring
Hydrogen
Low energy electrical
discharge produce
hydrogen and methane

Partial Discharge
DGA online monitoring
Carbon Monoxide
Overheated Cellulose can
cause large quantities of
carbon monoxide

Overheated Cellulose
DGA online monitoring
Ethylene
Thermal in oil can cause
decomposition of oil that
produce ethylene and
methane

Overheated Oil
DGA online monitoring
Acethylene
Arcing can produce large
hydrogen and Acethylene
in oil. CO and CO2 may
also be formed if the fault
involves cellulose.

Arcing
DGA online monitoring
 We do the on-line monitoring once a month to monitor and analize, in
normal condition
 If there is a high alarm (one or some of gas increase), DGA offline will be
performed
DGA online monitoring
 But when it need to take the sample for the offline DGA test, we have
make sure all (H2 CH4 C2H6 C2H4 C2H2 CO2 and CO) the gas have to
measure, so we can calculate the ratio of gas.
 The use of gas ratio to indicate a single possible fault type inside
transformer
 We can use evaluation of possble fault type by the Duval triangle or
Doernenburg ratio method or by Roger ratio method
Defect electrical yang terjadi di TBPP
 Bearing motor
 Motor (have to rewinding)
 Lingting, hvac
 VCB cannot operated (terlalu tidak pernah dan sering open-close)
 NSPB short circuit (air masuk ke dalam)
 GCB cannot operated (spring tdak charge)
 Hydrogen leakage ( check using freon gas and freon detector, bocor di kabel

CT)
 MOV (card rusak)
 Change Excitation transformer (DGA result is not in good condition)
 ESP short circuit in plate and discharge wire (the bolt is not to tighten and

the age)
 MCCB, MCB broken
 Transformer trip but no fault, because there are water inside the control box
Implementation for Banten Plant
 For generator, during operation, we have to do the visual inspection
on carbon brush every week. Measure the length of the carbon brush
so we can calculate the consumption of brush for spare availability.
We have to monitor the shaft voltage. The limit is 10V. And we have
to clean the area shaft that grounded for once a month, so the
voltage can be grounded clearly. We have to monitor partial
discharge that happened inside generator for once a month. And
then, we have to compare the data to another data that similar to
our generator or we compare to the previous data so we can see
quality insulation of the generator by time.
Implementation for Banten Plant
 For small to medium motor, we have to choose a proper
grease to greasing the bearing. Type of grease that will uses
is depend speed of the motor, temperature, load, type of
bearing. In choice of proper grease, we have to consider
availability of grease in our area, how many type of grease
that will we use, how much the grease will used so we can
keep our spare of grease in warehouse.
Implementation for Banten Plant
 For transformer, during operation, we have to online monitor the
dissolve gases in oil transformer for once a month and we analize
so we can make a conclusion the condition of transformer and the
action that we have to take. In my plan, according IEEE C57, we
make four condition (Condition I, II, III, IV) it depend of evaluation
evaluation using individual gas and TDCG concentrations. To detect
some possible fault type, fisrt we can see the key gas that arise and
second is by analysis of the separate combustible gases generated.
We can use doernenburg ratio method or rogers ratio method or
duval triangle method or the other method. But we have to use two
or three method to take the final conclusion of possible fault type
in transformer. For off line condition monitoring, we can take the
sample of oil for once a year. We do some test such as DGA,
dielectric streght, moisture and etc to know the quality of the oil
and take action such as purifying the oil or change the oil.
Thank You
PT. LESTARI BANTEN ENERGI