THE MECHANICS OF

SPEECH

The Organs of Speech

 How speech is produced?

SPEECH
PRODUCTION

What are the

speech organs?
 THE RESPIRATORY
OR BREATHING
PARTS
a)The lungs
b)The trachea
c)The diaphragm
d)The
abdominal and rib
muscles
 THE LUNGS
 In humans the lungs occupy a
large portion of the chest cavity
from the collarbone down to the
diaphragm. The right lung is
divided into three sections, or
lobes. The left lung, with a cleft
to accommodate the heart, has
only two lobes. The two
branches of the trachea, called
bronchi, subdivide within the
lobes into smaller and smaller
 THE LUNGS
 Bronchioles terminate in
alveoli, tiny air sacs surrounded
by capillaries. When the alveoli
inflate with inhaled air, oxygen
diffuses into the blood in the
capillaries to be pumped by the
heart to the tissues of the body.
At the same time carbon
dioxide diffuses out of the blood
into the lungs, where it is
exhaled.
 THE PHONATING OR
VOCALIZING PARTS

a)The larynx
b)The vocal cords
c)The laryngeal muscles
THE RESONATING PARTS
a)The mouth
b)The jaw
c)The uvula
d)The nasal cavity
 THE ANATOMY
OF THE NOSE
The uppermost portion
of the human
respiratory system, the
nose is a hollow air
passage that functions
in breathing and in the
sense of smell. The
nasal cavity moistens
and warms incoming
air, while small hairs
and mucus filter out
harmful particles and
microorganisms.
THE ARTICULATORY PARTS
1. the articulators
a)the tongue
b)the lower lip
c)the jaw
 THE ARTICULATORY
PARTS
2. the points of articulation
a)the upper lip
b) the upper teeth
c)the alveolar ridge or teeth ridge
d)the palate
e)the uvula
SPEECH PRODUCTION
THE VOCAL ORGANS
 VOCAL TRACT
WITH SOFT PALATE
LOWERED FOR
BREATHING
 BREATHING AND AIR FLOW
LUNGS HAVE NO MUSCLES ; BREATHING
IS ACCOMPLISHED BY CHANGING THE
SIZE OF THE CHEST CAVITY IN TWO
WAYS:
1.DOWNWARD MOVEMENT OF THE
DIAPHRAGM TO LENGTHEN THE CHEST
CAVITY
2. ELEVATION OF THE RIBS TO INCREASE
THE FRONT-TO-BACK THICKNESS

TWO MUSCLE GROUPS ARE USED:

1.EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL
INTERCOSTALS THAT EXPAND AND
CONTRACT THE RIB CAGE
2. ABDOMINAL WALL AND DIAPHRAGM
WHICH CHANGE THE ABDOMINAL
CAVITY
PRODUCTION OF THE SPEECH
SOUND
The sounds of speech are
produced by the air or breath
as it is forced out from the
lungs and then modified by
the vocal organs. Briefly, this
covers the four stages of
sound production.
 FOUR STAGES OF SOUND
PRODUCTION

1) RESPIRATION
2) PHONATION
3) RESONATION
4) ARTICULATION
 RESPIRATION

It involves inhalation, the taking

in of fresh air and exhalation, the
exclusion of used air. This process
we unconsciously do when we
breathe in order to live is the same
process we have to do consciously
in order to speak.
THE VOCAL ORGANS
 PHONATION
This out-going air sends the
breath stream through the
windpipe called the trachea and
proceeds through the larynx just
behind the Adam’s apple in the
neck. It is in this sound
production room where phonation
takes place.
 RESONATION
The vocal sounds produced
through the phonation are weak.
They get modified in the
resonating chambers: the
pharynx, the nose, and the
mouth. This cavities act like
sound boxes or sounding boards
of musical instrument.
 ARTICULATION
With the use of articulators
coming in contact with the fixed
points of articulation, vocal
sounds are change into speech
sounds, syllables and words. It is
in this stage where speech is
made recognizable and
intelligible.
HOW THE BODY WORKS: SPEECH &
VOICE
STEVEN TYLER’S VOCAL CORDS
VOICE BOX
THE VOCAL CORDS UP CLOSE WHILE SINGING
Thank
you
For
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