BS (RADIOLOGY,

CARDIOLOGY)
(YEAR-I, SEMESTER-I )
VOCABULARY BUILDING SKILLS
Vocabulary is all about words — the words in a language or a special
set of words you are trying to learn.

The body of words used in a particular language.

The word vocabulary can have at least three different meanings:

1. all of the words in a language

• New words are constantly being added to the vocabulary of English.
• 2. the words used in a particular context
• If you want to do an MBA you need to improve your business
vocabulary.
• My neighbour is a doctor so he has an extensive medical vocabulary.
• I've just bought a book on the vocabulary of slang.
• 3. the words an individual person knows
• The teacher says that my vocabulary is good.
• Active and passive vocabulary

• In our own individual vocabulary, there is a difference between:

• words that we understand/learn and use (our active vocabulary)
• words that we understand/learn but do not or cannot use
(our passive vocabulary)
IMPORTANCE OF VOCABULARY
• The importance of vocabulary is central to English language learning
because: Without sufficient vocabulary learners cannot understand
others,
• or express their own ideas.
• Wilkins(1972, pp. 111–112) wrote “. . . while without grammar very
little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed”.
• Lewis (1993(p. 89) wrote “ lexis is the core or heart of language” .
• content words and function words (also referred to as open-
class words and closed-class words, respectively).
• Content = information, meaning
• Function = necessary words for grammar
In other words, content words give us the most important
information while function words are used to stitch those words
together.
• Content Word Types
• Content words are usually nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. A
noun tells us which object, a verb tells us about the action happening,
or the state. Adjectives give us details about objects and people and
adverbs tell us how, when or where something is done.
• Function Word Types
• Function words help us connect important information. Function
words are important for understanding, but they add little meaning
beyond defining the relationship between two words. Function words
 include auxiliary verbs, prepositions, articles, conjunctions, and
pronouns. Auxiliary verbs are used to establish the tense, prepositions
show relationships in time and space, articles show us something that
is specific or one of many, and pronouns refer to other nouns.
HOW TO BUILD VOCABULARY
• Use New Words
• Use a word immediately after you learn it. Try to make a game out of
using a new word as soon as you learn it.
• Every day, try to slip in a new word into the conversation, an
assignment or an email to a friend. Do this as often as possible, and
repeat the word to yourself.
• Learn Roots
• Learn the roots of words. Most words in the English language are built
from a common root, prefix, and suffix, usually with an origin in the
Greek or Latin language.
• Once you learn a root, you’ll begin to understand more words that
use the same root. 
• prefixes (word beginnings)
• suffixes (word endings)
• roots (word bases)
unzipped

searched

enraged
unzipped

searched

enraged
dismount

unloading

tramping
dismount

unloading

tramping
• Use a Thesaurus
• Keep a thesaurus handy. As you write, keep a thesaurus handy and
use it when you find yourself using a word too often, or using a word
that you know doesn’t quite convey the right meaning.
• This will help you better express yourself, and you’ll also learn a new
word in the process.
• Make Synonym Word Lists
• Do you find yourself turning to the same word again and again in your
writing?
• Grab a piece of paper and write it at the top.
• Next, brainstorm or use a thesaurus to generate a list of ten to twenty
new words you can use instead. You can keep these lists in a
vocabulary notebook and add to them whenever you learn a new
synonym.
 massive extensive

Words that
Describe Large enormous
huge
Scale

immense vast
 One word Substitution is one of the integral parts of vocabulary.

• It simply means that a sentence has to be replaced with a single

word.

• This area requires a good vocabulary to solve the questions well.

Phrase One Word
Printing using a stone or a metal Lithography
plate with a completely smooth
surface
Mapping of earth and its Geography
formation
Art related to ornate, good Calligraphy
handwriting
Scientific study of bodily diseases Pathology
Study of birds Ornithology
• Improve: Spelling Skills Every Day
• Trying to improve spelling skills is a challenging task.
• But, with these strategies in hand and some patience, victory is on the
horizon.
• Continue working on your spelling frequently, read as much as you
can, and you'll soon find yourself reaching for the dictionary far less
often