COMMUNICATION

Definition:-
-Communication is a process of sharing information using a set
of common rules.
-Communication is a process by which information is
exchanged between individuals through a common system of
symbols, signs or behavior.
PURPOSES:-
 To collect assessment data
 To initiate intervention
 To evaluate outcome of intervention
 To initiate change which help in promoting health
To take measures for preventing legal problems associated
with nursing practice
 To analyze factors affecting the health team
 COMMUNICATION
 Definition:-It is a process by which two or more
persons exchange or share ideas ,facts, feelings
or impressions.
 Purposes:-In community communication is to
educate the public or certain specific groups
towards the development of attitude & behavior
that are likely to promote health & welfare. The
purpose of communication is classified in three
headings-
 Information
 Propaganda(publicity)
 Entertainment
 LEVELS
Level 1-Conventional acquaintances a person communicates with strangers
to have casual quaintances in the conventional level.
Ex:-First encounter between the nurse and patient

Level 2 –Exploratory associates

Ex:-Relationship with collegues,neighbours,teaching to public etc

Levels 3-Participate friends

Ex:-Nurse and Doctor

Levels 4-Intimacy (closest

friends) Ex:-Two close friends
 ELEMENTS
According to Berlo there are 4 elements they are as followes
o S-Source(sender-encoder):-The person who initiates
conversations or sending message.
o M-Message:-Message consist of verbal or nonverbal
information to the receiver.
o C-Channel:-The medium used to convey the
message
o R-Receiver:-Listener, observer who interprets
message.
MODES OF COMMUNICATION:-
By which communication occurs

1 Verbal Communication

2 Nonverbal Communication
 TYPES
 Formal communication:-conversation between officials on
various positions.ex:nursing superintendent & staff nurse.
 Informal communication:-conversation between peoples
on non official matter. ex:Interaction between two close
friends
 One way communication:-It always flows in one direction
there is no feedback. ex: lecturer delivered by teacher in
class room.
 Two way communication:-In conversation feedback is
present. ex: group discussion
 Visual communication:-Message is conveyed using
symbols. ex: displayed posters or models in the
exhibition
 Telecommunication:-Communicating in distant places with
help of electromagnetic appliances. Ex:
 SKILLS FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
 Confidence
 Critical thinker
 Analytical
 Openmindness
 Active listener
 Empathetic
 Honest
 Confidentiality
 Knowledgeable
 Systematic
 Tactfulness
 PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION

SENDE MESSAG
R E

FEEDBAC
CHANNELS
K

RECEIVE
R
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
1- PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIER:
 Difficulty in hearing
 Difficulty in vision
 Difficulty in expression
2- PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER:
 Emotional disturbance
 Fear
 Level of intelligent
 Ego

3- ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER:
 Lack of ventilation
 Lack of privacy
 Over crowding

4 – CULTURAL BARRIER:
 Level of knowledge & understanding
 Customs
 Belief
 Religion
 Language
 IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION

 Information

 Education

 Motivation

 Counseling

 Reduce stress

 Health promotion
 NURSE PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
 Introduction:-NPR is a basic requirements of nursing
practice. These relationship find encouragement when we
are feeling down & comfort when we are hurting.

 Definition:-It is an interaction between two persons in which

the nurse offers a series of purposeful activities & practice
that are useful to particular patient.

 Types of relationships:-
 Social relationship
 Intimate relationship
 Therapeutic relationship
 characteristics
•It is an intellectual and emotional bond between
the nurse and mainly focused on the client.
• It respects the client as an individual.
• Considering family relationship and values.
•Maximizing the clients abilities to participating in
decision making.
• It respects client confidentiality.
•It is based on the mutual trust, respect and
acceptance.
Developing Helping Relationship

The following points are important, to develop a

nurse- client relationship or helping relationship.
• listen actively.
• Be honest.
• Be aware of cultural differences.
• Maintain client confidentiality.
• Know your rolls and your limitations.
Phases of Relationship
Pre-interaction phase

Introductory phase

Working phase

Termination phase
 Patient teaching

Teaching is given to enhance specific learning of

patient. Patient teaching is a creative interpersonal
experience, differs from other forms of teaching
by its client oriented relationship.

Definition: Patient teaching is a process involves

teaching the patient about reducing the health risk
factors, increasing clients level of wellness and
taking specific protective health measures.
 Role of nurse in patient teaching
 Nurse is to identify clients learning needs.
 Motivate the client.
 Involving client actively.
 Topic of the client teaching should match
with clients need.
 The teaching should be simple to complex.
 She should provide peaceful environment
while teaching.
 She should observe the emotional
and physiological needs.
 The nurse should be knowledgeable
and confidence
 Purposes of patient teaching
 To promote health,
 to protect health,
 to maintain health,
 to identify relevant health care needs of the
clients
 to provide psychological support during
teaching learning process,
 to keep nurse knowledgeable,
 to raise self confidence of nurse in
teaching.
 Importance of patient teaching
 Providing patient teaching is an important
independent function of nurse. As client has
a “right to know”, “right to information”, giving
information regarding clients health status
is mandatory now a days.
 Patient teaching improves nurse client
relationship.
 It helps in patients safe transition from one
level to another
 It helps client to make decision about his
health condition.
 Guidelines for effective patient
teaching
Development and maintenance of rapport between
nurse and client is important.
 Time for delivering teaching should be as clients
convenience.
 Nurse should have all communication skills.
 Local language should be perfectly used.
 Use of A.V.Aids faster learning and grasp the client
attention.
 Teaching with demonstration is effective.
 Repetition is necessary in teaching process.
 Active involvement of nurse and client is important