Discovering Computers 2016

Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing Today’s
Technologies
Objectives Overview

Describe the purpose and

uses of smartphones, digital
Differentiate among Describe the relationship
cameras, portable and
laptops, tablets, desktops, between data and
digital media players, e-
and servers information
book readers, wearable
devices, and game devices

Differentiate the web from

Explain the purpose of a
the Internet, and describe
Briefly explain various input browser, a search engine,
the relationship among the
options and an online social
web, webpages, websites,
network
and web servers

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

See Page 2 2
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
for Detailed Objectives in whole or in part.
Objectives Overview

Briefly describe digital

Differentiate between wired
security risks associated
Differentiate between an and wireless technologies,
with viruses and other
operating system and and identify reasons
malware, privacy, your
applications individuals and businesses
health, and the
use networks
environment

Discuss how society uses

Identify technology used by
technology in education,
home users, small/home
government, finance, retail,
office users, mobile users,
entertainment, health care,
power users, and enterprise
science, travel, publishing,
users
and manufacturing

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

See Page 2 3
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
for Detailed Objectives in whole or in part.
Today’s Technology

• Because technology
changes, you must keep
up with the changes to
remain digitally literate
• Digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies
Pages 2 - 3 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
4
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Figure 1-1
Computers

• A computer is an electronic device, operating

under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory
Accepts Produces
data Processing informatio
(input) n (output)

The series of input, process, output and storage activities are known
as information processing cycle.

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 4 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 5
in whole or in part.
Data and Information

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 12 6
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-12 in whole or in part.
Categories of Computers
Personal computers

Mobile computers and mobile devices

Game consoles

Servers

Mainframes

Supercomputers

Embedded computers

Page 19 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 77

Computers
Laptop is a
Personal computer
you can carry from
place to place

Personal computer: Two popular architectures

are the PC and the Apple A mainframe is a large,
expensive, powerful
computer that can
A server controls handle hundreds
access or thousands of
to the hardware, connected users
software, and simultaneously
other A supercomputer is the
resources on a fastest, most powerful
network computer

Pages 4 and 6 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
8
Figures 1-2 – 1-5
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and

mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device • Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Output Device • Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that

System Unit are used to process data

• Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage

Storage Device media

Communications • Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and

Device information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

Pages 6 - 8 Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 99

The Components of a Computer

• Input Device is any hardware

component that allows you to enter
data into the computer.
• E.g. Keyboard and Pointing device
(mouse and touchpad)
• A keyboard contains keys you press to
enter data and instructions into a
computer or mobile device

Page 13 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

10
Figure 1-13
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer
• A pointing device is an
input device that allows a
user to control a small
symbol on the screen
called the pointer
• Some mobile devices and
computers enable you to
speak data instructions
using voice input and to
capture live full-motion
images using video input

Pages 13 – 14 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

11
Figures 1-14 – 1-15
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

• A scanner is a light-sensing input device that

converts printed text and images into a form the
computer can process

Page 14 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

12
Figure 1-16
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

• An output device is any hardware component

that conveys information from a computer or
mobile device to one or more people
• A printer is an output device that produces text
and graphics on a physical medium, such as paper
or other material
– A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as clothing,
prosthetics, eyewear, implants, toys, parts, prototypes,
and more
Pages 14 - 15 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
13
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

Page 15 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

14
Figure 1-17
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

• A display is an output device that visually conveys

text, graphics, and video information

Page 15 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

15
Figure 1-18
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

• Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music,

voice, and other sounds
– Earbuds
– Headphones

Page 16 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

16
Figure 1-19
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

Memory consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by
those instructions

A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on

storage media

A storage device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads)

items to and from storage media

Pages 16 - 17 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

17
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Components of a Computer

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash Drive Memory Card

Drive

Cloud Storage is an
internet Service that
provides a remote
Storage for computer
users.
Optical Disc Cloud Storage Mainly used for Backup.

Pages 17 – 19 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

18
Figures 1-20 – 1-26
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer

networks that connects millions of businesses,
government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

When a computer connects a

network it is Online.

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 20 19
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-27 in whole or in part.
The Web

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a global library of information
available to anyone connected to the Internet

The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents, each of

which is called a webpage, hich can contain text, graphics, audio, and video

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers requested webpages to your

computer

Pages 20 – 21 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

20
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

Page 19 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

21
Figure 1-26
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• A browser is software that enables users with an

Internet connection to access and view webpages
on a computer or mobile device

Page 21 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

22
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• A search engine is software that finds websites,

webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other
information related to a specific topic

Page 22 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

23
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
The Web

• An online social network encourages members to

share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music,
and videos with other registered users

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 23 24
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-29 in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

• It is important that users protect their computers and

mobile devices.
• Users also should be aware of health risks and
environmental issues associated with using computers
and mobile devices.

Pages 24 - 26 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

25
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

Privacy
Viruses and Other Malware
Nearly every life event is stored in a
Malware, short for malicious software.
computer somewhere . . . in
Examples of malware include medical records, credit
viruses, worms, trojan horses, rootkits, reports, tax records, etc.
spyware, adware, and zombies.

Health Concerns
Prolonged or improper computer and mobile
device use can lead to injuries or disorders of
the hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck, and
back.
Environmental Issues
Manufacturing processes for computers and
mobile devices along with e-waste, or
discarded computers and mobile devices, are
depleting natural resources and polluting the
environment.

Pages 24 - 26 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

26
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Digital Safety and Security

• Green computing involves reducing the electricity

consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 26 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 27
in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Tools: enable you to perform maintenance-type
tasks usually related to managing devices, media,
and programs

Applications
consists of programs designed to make
users more productive and/or assist
them with personal tasks.

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 26 - 27 28
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website,
Figure 1-30 in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• Installing a program is the process of setting up

the program to work with the computer, mobile
device, printer, and/or other hardware
• Once installed, you can run a program so that you
can interact with it
• You interact with a program through its user
interface

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 28 - 29 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 29
in whole or in part.
Programs and Apps

• A software developer, sometimes called a developer

or programmer, is someone who develops programs
and apps or writes the instructions that direct the
computer or mobile device to process data into
information

Pages 29 - 30 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

30
Figure 1-31
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use

information generated by, one or more of these
communications technologies
Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS

Instant
Internet Newsgroups RSS Videoconference
messaging

Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet access messaging
points services

Pages 30 - 31 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

31
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• A communications device is hardware capable of

transferring items from computers and devices to
transmission media and vice versa

Page 31 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

32
Figure 1-32
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• Examples of wireless communications

technologies include:
Wi-Fi
uses radio signals to provide high-speed
Internet and network connections
Bluetooth
uses short-range radio signals to enable Bluetooth-
enabled computers and devices to communicate with
each other.

Cellular radio
uses the cellular network to enable high-speed
Internet connections to devices with built-in
compatible technology, such as smartphones.
Pages 31 - 32 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,
33
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

• A network is a collection of computers and

devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media

Page 32 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

34
Figure 1-33
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Communications and Networks

Home Networks Business Networks

• Connect to the Internet • Facilitate communications
• Share a single high-speed • Share hardware
Internet connection • Share data, information, and
• Access photos, music, videos, and software
other content
• Share devices
• Play multiplayer games
• Connect game consoles to the
Internet
• Subscribe to and use VoIP
• Interact with other devices in a
smart home

Page 33 © 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated,

35
or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Technology Uses

Education Government Finance Retail

Entertainment Health Care Science Travel

Publishing Manufacturing

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 35 - 41 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 36
in whole or in part.
Technology Users

Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Office User

Power User Enterprise User

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Pages 41 - 42 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 37
in whole or in part.
Chapter Summary

Various methods
Basic computer for input, output,
The Internet
concepts memory, and
storage

Digital security Uses of technology

and safety risks applications in
and precautions society

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied

Page 43 or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, 38
in whole or in part.
 Discovering Computers 2016
Tools, Apps, Devices, and the Impact of Technology

Chapter 1
Introducing Today’s
Technologies

Chapter 1 Complete