English material

Arranged by
Nurul Aulia
XIII-I Chemical Analysis
The material
1. If/ wish clause
2. Passive voice
3. Recount text
4. Procedure text
5. Command
1. If clause
There are 3 types of if clause
1. Real conditional sentence
2. Unreal conditional sentences in the present
3. Unreal conditional sentences in the past
Real conditional
Real conditional is conditional which may
happen a not happen

Formula:
1. Simple present tenses
2. Simple future tenses
If (S + V1+(S/ES)+ O) , (S+WILL+V1+O)
Example:
If I have much money, I will buy cars
We will do classmeeting if we are free tomorrow
Unreal conditional in the present
Is sentences which is not happen in the
present time

Formula:
1. Simple past tenses
2. Past future tenses
If (S +V2), (S+WOULD+V1)
Example:
If I were in home, I would watch TV
Fact: I am not at home
Unreal conditional in the past
Is sentences which is not happen in the past

Formula:
1. Past perfect tenses
2. Past future perfect tenses
If (S+HAD+V3), (S+WOULD+HAVE+V3)
Example:
If I had studied hard, I would have gotten good
score
Fact: I didn’t study hard
2. Passive voice
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the
action. It is not important or not known, however, who
or what is performing the action.

Kind of passive voice:

1. Simple present
2. Simple past
3. Simple future
4. Present continuous
5. Past continuous
6. Present perfect
7. Past perfect
 Tense Subject Verb Object

Simple Present Active: Rita Writes a letter.

Passive: A letter is written by Rita.

Simple Past Active: Rita Wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by Rita.

Present Perfect Active: Rita has written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written by Rita.

Future I Active: Rita will write a letter.

Passive: A letter will be written by Rita.

Hilfsverben Active: Rita can write a letter.

Passive: A letter can be written by Rita.

 Tense Subject Verb Object

Present Progressive Active: Rita is writing a letter.

Passive: A letter is being written by Rita.

Past Progressive Active: Rita was writing a letter.

Passive: A letter was being written by Rita.

Past Perfect Active: Rita had written a letter.

Passive: A letter had been written by Rita.

Future II Active: Rita will have written a letter.

Passive: A letter will have been written by Rita.

Conditional I Active: Rita would write a letter.

Passive: A letter would be written by Rita.

Conditional II Active: Rita would have written a letter.

Passive: A letter would have been written by Rita.

3. Recount text

Definition : Recount text is a text that telling the reader

about one story, action or activity. Recount is a text
which retells event or experiences in the past.
Purpose : Its goal is to entertaining or informing the
reader
Generic structure:
 Orientation : It gives the readers the background
information needed to understand the text, such as
who was involved, where it happened, and when it
happened.
Events : A series of events, ordered in a chronological
sequence.
Re-orientation :A personal comment about the event
or what happened in the end.
 Language features

-Using the simple past tense, past

continuous tense, past perfect tense,
and past perfect continuous tense.
-Using temporal sequence, e.g. On
Saturday. On Monday, On Sunday
-Focus on specific participant, e.g. I (the
writer)
-Using the conjunctions, such as:
then,before, after, etc.
-Using action verd, e.g. went, stayed
4. Procedure text
There are three definition about procedure text : (1)Texts that
explain how something works or how to use instruction /
operation manuals e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the
tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax. (2) Texts that instruct
how to do a particular activity e.g. recipes, rules for games,
science experiments, road safety rules. (3) Texts that deal with
human behavior, e.g how to live happily, how to succeed
Generic Structure of Procedure Text
# Goal : (e.g : How to make spaghetti)
# Material or Ingredient : (e.g : the material to cook omelette are
egg, onion, vegetable oil, etc. )
# Step : (e.g : first, wash the tomatoes, onion, …., second cut the
onions becomes slice. . . )
Purpose of Procedure Text
– To explain/tell (the reader) how to make/operate/do something
through a sequence of actions or steps.
– To explain steps/instruction to make/operate/do something
Language Feature of Procedure Text:
 – Use adverbial of sequence / Using temporal
conjunction (e.g: first, second, third, the last)
– Use command / imperative sentence (e.g :
put the noodles on the . . ., cut the onion. . .,
wash the tomatoes. . . )
– Using adverbials (Adverbs) to express detail
the time, place, manner accurate, for
example, for five minutes, 2 hours, etc.
– Using action verbs, e.g : make, take, boil,
cook
– Using Simple Present Tense
HOW TO MAKE A CUP Of COFFEE

 MATERIALS AND INGEDIENTS :

–2
spoons of sugar
– one
spoon of coffee powder
– hot
water
– a cup
–a
spoon
 PROCEDURE :
1. Prepare two spoons of sugar, a cup, hot water, one spoon
of coffee powder, a spoon.
2. Put one spoon of coffee powder into the cup.
3. Pour some hot water into the cup.
4. Add 2 spoons of sugar into a cup of coffee
5. Stir it well and the hot coffee is ready to drink
5. Commad positive
TO + INFINITIF
 E.g:

He told me “open your book”

He told me to open my book

Ana says “ loved me please!”

Ana says to love her
Command negative
NOT TO + INFINITIF
 E.g:
Alana told Jojo “don’t wait
For me”
Alana told Jojo not to for her

Noni screams “ don’t leave me alone”

Noni screamed not to leave her alone