Classification

of implant and
abutments.
Learning objective
 Define
and classify various
implant/abutment: C1

 Explain the use of each: C2

A prosthetic device made of alloplastic material(s)
implanted into the oral tissues beneath the
mucosal or/and periosteal layer, and on/or within
the bone to provide retention and support for a
fixed or removable dental prosthesis; a substance
that is placed into or/and upon the jaw bone to
support a fixed or removable dental prosthesis
CLASSIFICATION OF
DENTAL IMPLANTS
 Classification
 Based on implant design
 Based on attachment mechanism
 Based on macroscopic body design
 Based on the surface of the implant
 Based on the type of the material
1. ENDOSTEAL IMPLANT
A implant which is placed into the
alveolar bone and/or basal bone of the
mandible or maxilla
 Transect only one cortical plate
A. BLADE/PLATE IMPLANT
 Itconsist of thin plates in the form of
blade embedded into the bone
B. RAMUS FRAME IMPLANT
 Horse shoe shaped stainless steel
device Inserted into the mandible from
one retromolar pad to the other.
 It passes through the anterior
symphysis area
C. ROOT FORM IMPLANT
 Designed to mimic the shape of the
tooth for directional load distribution
Forms:
 Cylinder
 Screw root form
 Combination
2. SUBPERIOSTEAL
IMPLANT
 Placeddirectly beneath the periosteum
overlying the bony cortex
TRANSOSTEAL IMPLANT
4.INTRAMUCOSAL
IMPLANTS
 BASED ON THE
SURFACE OF THE
IMPLANT
SMOOTH SURFACE
IMPLANT
MACHINED SURFACE
IMPLANTS
TEXTURED SURFACE
IMPLANT
COATED SURFACE
IMPLANT
 BASED ON
MACROSCOPIC BODY
DESIGN OF THE
IMPLANT
 CYLINDRICAL DENTAL
IMPLANTS
 In the form of cylinder
 Depends on coating or surface condition to
provide microscopic retention and bonding
to the bone
 Pushed or tapped into a prepared bone site
 Straight, tapered or conical
 THREADED DENTAL
IMPLANTS
 The surface of the implant is threaded,
to increase the surface area of the
implant
 This results in distribution of forces over
a greater peri-implant bone volume
 PLATEAU- DENTAL
IMPLANTS
 Sloping shoulder
SOLID DENTAL IMPLANTS
 Theyare of circular cross section
without vent or hollow in the body
VENTED DENTAL
IMPLANTS
HOLLOW DENTAL IMPLANTS
 Abutment
classification
A TOOTH, A PORTION OF A TOOTH, OR
THAT PORTION OF A DENTAL IMPLANT
THAT SERVES TO SUPPOR AND/OR RETAIN
A PROSTHESIS
Based on availability
 Custom
 prefabricated
Based on the stage
 Healing abutment
 Permanent abutment
Based on angulation
 Straight
 Angulated
Based on the material
 Tooth colored
 Metal
Based on type of prosthesis
 Cement retained
 Screw retained
 Ball abutment
 Locator abutment
Based on availability
Custom abutment
Based on availability
Prefabricated abutment
Based on the stage
 Healing abutment
Based on the stage
 Permanent abutment
Based on angulation
 Straight abutment
Based on angulation
Angulated abutment
Based on the material
 Tooth coloured

 Metal
Based on type of
prosthesis
 Cement retained

 Screw retained
Based on type of
prosthesis
 Ball abutment
 Locator abutment