PROBLEM

SOLVING
INTRODUCTION
The problem solving is a process of overcoming
difficulties that appears to interfere with the
attainment of goal. It is a procedure of making
adjustment in spite of interferences.

Problem-solving requires critical thinking skills

and creativity. Problem-solving takes time and
effort, but once a problem has been addressed the
nurse can feel satisfied that the issue has been
resolved and is therefore less likely to re-emerge.
DEFINITION

According to skinner,

Problem solving is a process of overcoming

difficulties that appears to interfere. In a
problem solving, the entire subject matter is
organized in such a manner that it can be
dealt with through the problems identified
during the study.
ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF THE
PROBLEM
 The problem should be meaningful,
interesting, and worthwhile.
 It should have some correlation with life.
 It should have some correlation with other
subjects if possible.
 It should arise out of the real needs of the
patients/ health care members.
 The problem should be clearly defined.
 TYPES OF PROBLEMS
Problems come in different guises and the solver
can perceive them either as a challenge or a threat.
1. One of the most common types of problem is when
the unexpected happens.
2. Another type of problem is an assignment where
others set a goal or task.
3. A third type of problem is when a dilemma arises.
This is when it is difficult to choose the best solution
to a problem because the nurse is confronted with
something that challenges his or her personal
and/or professional values.
PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACHES
Nurses make clinical decisions using two different
approaches.

1. Rationalist approach, which involves an analysis

of a situation so that subsequent actions are
rational, logical and based on knowledge and
judgement.

2. Phenomenological perspective, where a fluid,

flexible and dynamic approach to decision-making is
required, such as when dealing with an acutely ill
patient.
CONT…
PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS
 USES OF PROBLEM SOLVING IN
NURSING
 Develop ability to analyse the problem and to take proper

judgement/solution in the critical condition that encounter in the

clinical setting.

 Problem solving method also helps the students to solve this problem

in real life situation without much stress.

 It helps to solve the similar problem in future with confidence.

 It develops critical thinking.

 It will develop mutual understanding among the group members.

 It helps the care giver/nurse to develop a skill to help the patient.

 Develop ability in nurse to select the problem solving strategy

according to patient’s abilities and life style

TIPS TO HELP WITH PROBLEM-
SOLVING
1. Think before acting.
2. Think clearly – stay open-minded.
3. Ask as many questions as you can.
4. Get good ideas from everyone and from
everywhere.
5. Be selective.
6. If a problem seems to be overwhelming, break it
into parts.
7. Make the best use of what you have.
8. Look for the opportunity in the problem.
9. Don’t wait for a problem to occur.
CONT…
10. Plan for problems before they occur.
11. Negotiate.
12. Ensure the solution fits the problem.
13. Expect success. Believe in your ability.
14. Look forward, not backward.
15. Work towards realistic goals rather than trying
to save the world. Use your skills, time, and
energy wisely.
16. Keep your sense of humor.
17. Avoid judging during the gathering of
information and development of ideas.