CICS

(Customer Information Control

System)

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 Table of Contents
• Introduction to CICS
• Basic Mapping Support
• Program Control
• File Control
• Queues
• Interval and Task Control
• Recovery and restart
• Program preparation
• CICS Supplied Transactions
• Screen Definition Facility
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Introduction to CICS

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 Introduction
• Customer Information Control System -CICS
developed in late 1960s as a DB/DC control
system
• CICS provides an interface between the
Operating System and application programs
• Macro Level CICS - initial version Assembler
macro to request CICS services
• Command Level CICS - high level lang.version
- commands to request CICS services - Single
command can replace series of macros 4
 CICS History
• 1968 - Package developed by Michigan
Bell and IBM on OS/360
• 1971 - CICS available for DOS & DOSE
• 1973 - Development moved to Hursley,
England
• 1987 - CICS/VM introduced
• 1992 - CICS/400 version for AS/400
• 1996 - CICS Web Interface Product
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 CICS Hardware &
Operating Systems
• IBM zSeries 900 - z/OS
• IBM S/390 - OS/390, MVS, VSE
• IBM AS/400 - OS/400
• IBM RS/6000 - AIX (Unix)
• PC Server - Windows NT/2000, OS/2
• The most popular is the S/390 using
OS/390 or MVS

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 Batch & Online :
Differences
• BATCH SYSTEM • ONLINE SYSTEM
1. Input data is prepared 1. Data is entered as
and given in sequence needed not in sequence
(file) (terminal)
2. Processing sequence is 2. Since processing seq. is
predictable and hence unpredictable, special
restarting the process in recovery/restart proc. is
case of failure is easy. reqd. in case of failure.
3. Programs and files can’t 3. Programs and files can
be shared be shared
4. Programs are scheduled 4. Transaction can be run
through jobs at any time 7
 CICS & Operating System

Operating System

CICS
Enter Code :
User’s Files &
App.Prg Database

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 DB/DC System
Terminals
Data
Base
Central System

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 CICS System Services

• Data-Communication Functions
• Data-Handling Functions
• Application Program Services
• System Services
• Monitoring Functions

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 CICS Service Diagram
CICS OS/390
VSAM File Control

DB2 SQL Application

Programming Application
Interface Program
IMS DL/I

Terminal Basic
Control Mapping Maps
Support

(VTAM,SNA,TCP/IP)

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Terminal User
 Task &Transaction
• Task :- A basic unit of work which is
scheduled by the
operating system or CICS
Ex -Read from and write to the terminal

• Transaction :- An entity which initiates

execution of a task. In CICS, transaction is
identified by the transaction identifier (Trans-
id)
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 Application Programming
Concepts
• Pseudo-Conversational

• Multitasking

• Multithreading

• Quasi-Reentrancy

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 Terminal Conversation
• Conversational : A mode of dialogue between program
and terminal based on a combination of sending
message and receiving message within the same task
– Since human response is slower than the CPU
speed, a significant amount of resource will be
wasted just waiting

• Pseudo-Conversational. A mode of dialogue between

program and terminal which appears to the operator
as a continuous conversation but which is actually
carried by a series of tasks
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 Conversational
Transaction Example
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
FIRST-PROCESS.
EXEC CICS RECEIVE ---- <= TSK1,12345 END-EXEC.
: process
EXEC CICS SEND ----- <= EMP(12345) Details
END-EXEC.
* - - - - - - Program Waits For Response - - - - -
SECOND PROCESS.
EXEC CICS RECEIVE ----- <= User Enters Data
END-EXEC.
: process
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Pseudo-Conversational
Example
Transaction TSK1 Transaction TSK2
Program PROG1 Program PROG2

PROCEDURE DIVISION. PROCEDURE DIVISION.

: :
EXEC CICS RECEIVE EXEC CICS RECEIVE
END-EXEC. END-EXEC.
: :
EXEC CICS SEND EXEC CICS SEND
END-EXEC.
END-EXEC.
EXEC CICS RETURN
EXEC CICS RETURN
TRANSID (‘TSK2’)
END-EXEC.
END-EXEC.

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 CICS Components
• Control Programs (or Management Modules)
Programs that interface between OS and app. pgm
Handle the general functions that are crucial to operation
of CICS

• Control Tables
Define the CICS environment
Functionally associated with the management module

• Control Blocks (or Areas)

Contain system type information. Eg. Task Control Area
contains information about the task
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 Management Pgms. & Ctrl.
Tables
• Programs • Tables
Program Control PCP Processing Progm Table
File control FCP PPT
Terminal Control TCP File Control Table FCT
Task Control KCP Terminal Control Table
Temporary Storage TSP TCT
Transient Data TDP Program Control Table
PCT
Storage Control SCP
Temp. Storage Table
Interval Control ICP TST
Journal Control JCP Destin. Control Table
DCT
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Basic Mapping Support

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 Topics in BMS
• Introduction to BMS
• Physical and Symbolic Map
• Map and Mapset
• Map Definition Macros
• Screen Manipulation/Handling
• Screen Design Considerations
• Interfacing with Terminal using a Map

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 Introduction to BMS
• Primary functions of BMS
– Removal of device dependent codes from Application
Program
– Removal of constant information from Application
program (Headers, Titles...)
– Construct NMDS - Native Mode Data Stream
– Text handling
– Terminal Paging & Message routing
– Contents of the screen defined thru’ BMS is called Map.
– Map is a program written in assembly language.
– BMS macros are available for Map coding.

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 Map and Mapset
• Representation of one screen format is called
Map (screen panel).
• One or more maps, linkedited together, makes
up a Mapset (load module).
• Mapset must have a entry in PPT
• Mapset name has two parts.
– Generic name 1- 7 chars. Used in App. Pgm.
– Suffix 1 char. To identify the device type
• Multimap Panel
• Dynamically constructing a screen panel with
multiple maps at the execution time
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 Types of MAPS
There are 2 types of MAPS

• Physical Map
Physical Map is a map used by CICS ( CSECT)
Ensure device independence in the application program

• Symbolic Map
Ensure device and format independence in the app prog
Symbolic Map is a map used by Application Program
(DSECT)

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Example Of Symbolic Map
01 EMPRECI.
02 FILLER PIC X(12).
02 EMPNAL PIC S9(4) COMP.
02 EMPNAF PIC X.
02 FILLER REDEFINES EMPNAF.
03 EMPNAA PIC X.
02 EMPNAI PIC X(21).

01 EMPRECO REDEFINES EMPRECI.

02 FILLER PIC X(12).
02 FILLER PIC X(03).
02 EMPNAO PIC X(21).
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 Physical & Symbolic Map - Logic
Flow
BMS
Assembler
source

Physical MAP
Symbolic MAP

Linkage editor

Load module (MVS)

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