EMERGING and CONTEMPOARY

LITERATURE
Theories
 Moral and Dramatic Construction (Traditional)
 Formalism
 Psychoanalytical
 Marxism
 Reader Response
 New Historicism/Cultural Studies
 Post Colonial
 Feminist
 Gender Studies and Queer Theory
Moral and Dramatic Construction
(Traditional)
Plato and the Moral View
Art must teach morality and ethics to
be important to society.
Aristotle and the Elements of
Literature
A good story must have effective
components:
- Plot
- Character and Catharsis
(emotion/pity)
- Diction
Formalism
The reader does not need
additional knowledge, other than
what’s the text, for interpreting
the literary work
Psychoanalytical
This theory encourages a close and careful
reading and subsequent analysis of the
text.

It is also an exciting and interesting theory

because it can link a text or idea from 500
years ago with a text written today
Marxism

Emerged in 19th century

This theory encourages a careful
reading of a text.
Reader Response

Gives readers the freedom to provide meaning

to a text, allowing for multiple interpretations
of a text.
New Historicism

Assumes that every work is a product of

the historic moment that created it.
Post-Colonial Criticism

How does the literary text, explicitly or

allegorically, represent various aspects of
colonial expression?
Feminism
This theory finally examines how women
and men represented and deals with the
importance of women in literature.
Gender Studies and Queer Theory
Explores issues of sexuality,
power, and marginalized
populations (woman as other) in
literature and culture.
Writers and Their Works
Lualhati Torres Bautista
 “Tatlong Kwento ng Buhay ni Juan Candelabra” –
1982
 “Buwan, Buwan, Hulugan Mo Ako ng Sundang” –
1983
 “Dekada ‘70”- 1983
 “Bata-Bata Pa’no Ka Ginawa?”- 1983
 “Bulaklak sa City Jail” – 1984
 “Sila at ang Gabi: Isang Buong Laot at Kalahati ng
Daigdig” – 1994
Bob Ong
 “Bakit Baliktad Magbasa ang mga Pilipino?” –
2001
 “ABNKKBSNPLAko?!” – 2001
 “Alamat ng Gubat” – 2003
 “Ang Paboritong Libro ni Hudas” – 2003
 “Stainless Longganisa” – 2005
 “Macarthur” – 2007
 “Ang Mga Kaibigan ni Mama Susan – 2010
 “Lumayo Ka Nga Sa Akin” – 2011
 George Orwell
 Down and Out in Paris and London”- 1933
 “A Clergyman’s Daughter” – 1935
 Keep the Aspidistra Flying” – 1936
 “The Road to Wigan Pier” – 1937
 “Homage to Catalonia” – 1938
 “Coming Up for Air” – 1939
 “Animal Farm” – 1945
 “Nineteen Eighty-four” – 1949
Zadie Smith
 “White Teeth” – 2000
 “The Autograph Man” – 2002
 “NW” – 2002
 “Martha and Hanwell” – 2005
 “The Embassy of Cambodia” – 2013
 “Swing Time” – 2016
 “Feel Free” – 2018
 “Grand Union: Stories” – 2019
Characteristics of Contemporary
Literature
 Reality-based stories with strong characters
and a believable story;
 Often the stories are character driven
 It is ironic and reflects current political,
social, and personal issues
 May reflect a personal cynicism,
disillusionment and frustration
 Facts are questioned as are historical
perspectives;
 Often presents two contradictory arguments;
Electronic Literature and It’s
Emerging Forms
21st Century Best Selling Books
 “Life of Pi” – by Yann Martel (2001)
 “The Shack” – by William P. Young (2007)
 “The Fault in Our Stars” by John Green (2012)
 “Fifty Shades of Grey (Trilogy)” – by E.L. James (2011-2012)
 “The Hunger Games (Trilogy)” by Suzanne Collins (2008-2010)
 “Harry Potter”- by J.K. Rowling (1996-2016)
What is Electronic Literature?
It is generally defined as a “digital
born” literary work that is, “a first
generation digital object created on a
computer and (usually) meant to be
read on a computer.
Genres of Electronic Literature
Hypertext Fiction – made up of non sequential
and interlinking lexia.
Code Work
Flash Poetry
Generative Poetry
Interactive Fiction – literally is a game.
Locative Narratives
Blog Fiction – a serialized literature
published to a blog that is written in a diary
form.
https://www.Britannica.com/biography/George-Orwell#ref120660
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019- 11-23/zadie
-smith-fiction-novel-short-stories-white-teeth/11730358
https://dtc-wsuv.org/elit/elit-loc/denes-curatorial-statement/
https://litinawiredworld.fandom.com/wiki/Electronic_Literature_(Over
view)

https://elitewritings.com/blog/best-selling-books-of-21st-century.html