Instrumental/Operant Bhavana Purohit

Udayraj Singh

Conditioning Theory Aditya Pratap Singh

Nanda Gopal
  Consumer Learning is the process by which individuals acquire the
purchase and consumption knowledge and experience they apply
Introduction to future related behaviour.
  Operant conditioning was coined by behaviourist Burrhus Frederic
Introduction to Skinner
 Operant conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through
Instrumental rewards and punishments for behaviour.
Conditioning  Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a
behaviour and a consequence for that behaviour.
  Skinner’s operant conditioning chamber (AKA Skinner box) was
designed to teach rats how to push a lever. This behaviour is not
natural to rats, so operant conditioning with positive and negative
reinforcement were performed in order to teach the behaviour.

The Skinner
Box
Components
 Reinforcement – A kind of stimulus that aims to increase the
of strength in behaviour due to its consequence
Instrumental  Punishment - Any event that causes a decrease in the behaviour
Conditioning
 POSITIVE NEGETIVE

A response or behaviour is
Types of strengthened by
Are favourable events that are stopping, removing or avoiding a
presented after the behaviour
Reinforcement (Reward Learning)
negative outcome
or aversive stimulus (escape-
avoidance learning
Most effective –
When reinforcement is presented Most effective –
enthusiastically and frequently When it occurs immediately after the
behaviour and when the
 Positive
Reinforcement
 Negative
Reinforcement
 POSITIVE NEGETIVE

Types of Involves presenting an unfavourable

outcome or event following an
It involves taking something good or
desirable away to reduce the
Punishment undesirable behaviour (punishment
by application)
occurrence of particular behaviour.
(punishment by removal)

Most effective – Most effective –

When reinforcement is presented When it occurs immediately after the
enthusiastically and frequently behaviour and when the
Punishment -  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=148dowDhkVY&feature=emb
Example _logo
Reinforcement
or Punishment
Positive or
Negative
 Negative
Reinforcement
vs Positive  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LhI5h5JZi-U

Punishment
Other
Concepts
THANK YOU