Nouns

A noun is a word for a person, place, or thing.

Everything we can see or talk about is represented by a
word that names it. That "naming" word is called
a noun.
How To Spot • A common noun answers the
a Common question "What is it?“
Noun and a
Proper
Noun
• A proper noun answers the question "What's
its name?"
 A concrete noun is something you
can perceive with at least one of
your senses.
Concrete
Nouns Q: Who cares about concrete
nouns?
A: Creative writers.
Creative writers like to capture
abstract ideas using concrete nouns.
 Abstract nouns are the names of things and ideas that
you cannot see or touch.

Q: Who cares about abstract nouns?

A: Creative writers.
Abstract Many creative writers (particularly poets),
consider abstract nouns "the enemy." Even
Nouns though abstract nouns cover many of the topics
that poets like to address (e.g., love, loss, sadness,
loneliness), poets know that using abstract nouns
(e.g., I was in love; she felt loneliness) tells their
readers little. For creative writers, the challenge is
often to capture these abstract feelings using
concrete nouns.
 • Be aware that classifying a noun as concrete or
abstract may depend on context or even the
classifier's definition of perceivable.

Concrete • Common nouns (e.g., man, dog)

• Proper nouns (e.g., Simon, Bonzo)
nouns • Countable nouns (e.g., bear, country)
can be • non-countable nouns (e.g., music, tennis)
• Collective nouns (e.g., choir, group)
• Concrete Nouns Can Be Singular or Plural
• Most concrete nouns are countable nouns,
• which means they can be singular or plural.
 Abstract Noun Examples
An employer should appraise the ability of his employees.
He felt he would burst with anger and shame.
I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity.
Her dedication to her work was admirable.
He listened in disbelief to this extraordinary story.
He is admired for the elegance of his writing.
Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years.
The economic growth dipped to a low point last year.
May Christmas and the New Year be filled with happiness for you
He has no hope of passing the examination.
Inflation is considered to be undesirable because of its adverse e
on income distribution.
Countable and Non-countable
Nouns
• A countable noun is a noun with both a singular and a plural form
(e.g., dog/dogs, pie/pies).  which can be counted.
• A non-countable noun is a noun without a plural form (e.g., oxygen,
patience). 
• Some Nouns Can Be Countable or Non-countable
Generally, non-countable nouns cannot be pluralized. However, some
can be pluralized when talking about categories of that noun. This is
most common with non-countable nouns in the food and liquid
categories.
Collective Nouns
• Collective nouns are words that denotes a group of
individuals (e.g. assembly, family, crew ).
• Q: Who cares about collective nouns?
A: We all should.
• Collective nouns can be treated as singular or plural. It
depends on the sense of your sentence.
Compound nouns 
• Compound nouns are nouns made up of more than
one word. (e.g. court-martial, pickpocket, water
bottle).
• Q: Who cares about compound nouns?
A: We all should.
• Some compound nouns are two words (e.g., peace
pipe), some are hyphenated (e.g., play-off), and some
have become single words (e.g., eyeopener).
Gender-specific Nouns

• A gender-specific noun is a noun that refers specifically to someone or

something male or a female. In English, the gender of most nouns is
,,‫) ک‬. However, if a noun refers to something obviously
neuter (‫ھسرا‬
male or female, then its gender will be masculine or feminine (as
determined by the meaning).

https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/gender-specific_
noun.htm
Unless its meaning makes it obviously male (e.g., boy, king, boar) or female (e.g., princess, hen, mare), a noun
in English is neuter by default.
There's no apostrophe in the possessive determiner its. If you write it's, try to expand it to it is or it has. If
you can't then it is wrong.
•When writing about someone whose gender is unknown, don't use he/she, his/her, etc. Use they, their, etc.
For example:
• Any person who thinks he/she needs they need an interview should book one through his/her their
line manager.
•Use they when talking about a non-binary person. https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/neuter.htm
 Gerunds have verb-like properties

Gerunds are great for creating shorter, smoother

sentences.

‫تفصیل سے یہاں سے پڑھیں‬

https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/gerunds.htm
Possessive • nouns that show ownership or
Nouns possession.
 Verbal Noun
• A verbal noun is a noun that has no verb-like properties despite
being derived from a verb.
Verbal
Verb Example in a Sentence
Noun

To build Building It was a lovely building .

The money will fund the building of a bridge.

‫تفصیل سے یہاں سے پڑھیں‬

To arrive arrival Their arrival has been delayed.
https://www.grammar-monster.com/gloss
m
To repeat repetition I do not want another repetition of yesterday.

To decide decision That was an awful decision by the referee.

To attack attack He mounted a surprise attack with the Romans.

(Note: With some verbs, the verbal noun is identical to the base form of the verb.)