CHRISTIANIT

During the Middle-Ages

Y

Dialogue
Education
2010

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Page 3 Teacher Invader game on Christianity in the
Middle Ages
Page 4 YouTube Video - Medieval Images of Hell
Page 5-7 Background
Page 8 -11 Early Middle Ages
Page 12-17 High and Late Middle Ages
Page 18 Bibliography
Click on the image above for a game of
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3
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Like Judaism and Islam,
Christianity is classified
as an Abrahamic
religion
Christianity began as a Jewish sect in the
eastern Mediterranean, quickly grew in size and
influence over a few decades, and by the 4th
century had become the dominant religion
within the Roman Empire.
During the Middle Ages, most of
the remainder of Europe was
Christianized, with Christians also
being a (sometimes large) religious
minority in the Middle East, North
Africa, and parts of India.
With the decline and fall of
the Roman Empire in the
west, the papacy became a
political player, first visible
in Pope Leo's diplomatic
dealings with Huns and
Vandals.
Around 500, St.
Benedict set out his
Monastic Rule,
establishing a system
of regulations for the
foundation and
running of
monasteries.
From the 7th century onwards, Islam conquered
the Christian lands of the Middle East, North
Africa and much of Spain, resulting in
oppression of Christianity and numerous
military struggles, including the Crusades, the
Spanish Reconquista and wars against the
Turks.
The Middle Ages brought
about major changes
within the church. Pope
Gregory the Great
dramatically reformed
ecclesiastical structure
and administration.
In the west, from the 11th
century onward, older
cathedral schools developed
into universities (eg
University of Paris,
University of Oxford, and
University of Bologna.)
Accompanying the rise of the
"new towns" throughout
Western Europe, mendicant
orders were founded,
bringing the consecrated
religious life out of the
monastery and into the new
urban setting.
From 1095 under the pontificate of
Urban II, the Crusades were launched.
These were a series of military
campaigns in the Holy Land and
elsewhere, initiated in response to
pleas from the Byzantine Emperor
Alexios I for aid against Turkish
expansion.
Over a period stretching from the 7th to
the 13th century, the Christian Church
underwent gradual alienation, resulting
in a schism dividing it into a Western,
largely Latin branch, the Roman Catholic
Church, and an Eastern, largely Greek,
branch, the Orthodox Church. These two
churches disagree on a number of
administrative, liturgical, and doctrinal
issues, most notably papal primacy of
jurisdiction.
The Second Council of Lyon (1274)
and the Council of Florence (1439)
attempted to reunite the churches,
but in both cases the Eastern
Orthodox refused to implement the
decisions and the two principal
churches remain in schism to
the present day.
Beginning around 1184, following
the crusade against the Cathar
heresy, various institutions,
broadly referred to as the
Inquisition, were established with
the aim of suppressing heresy and
securing religious and doctrinal
unity within Christianity through
conversion and prosecution.
Gill, Robin (2001). The Cambridge companion to Christian ethics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University Press. ISBN 0521779189. 
Gunton, Colin E. (1997). The Cambridge companion to Christian doctrine. Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-47695-X. 
MacMullen, Ramsay (2006). Voting About God in Early Church Councils. New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press. ISBN 0300115962. 
Padgett, Alan G.; Sally Bruyneel (2003). Introducing Christianity. Maryknoll, N.Y.: Orbis Books.
ISBN 1570753954. 
Price, Matthew Arlen; Collins, Michael (1999). The story of Christianity. New York: Dorling
Kindersley. ISBN 0-7513-0467-0. 
Ratzinger, Joseph (2004). Introduction To Christianity (Communio Books). San Francisco: Ignatius
Press. ISBN 1586170295. 
Tucker, Karen; Wainwright, Geoffrey (2006). The Oxford history of Christian worship. Oxford
[Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513886-4. 
Wagner, Richard (2004). Christianity for Dummies. For Dummies. ISBN 0764544829. 
Webb, Jeffrey B. (2004). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Christianity. Indianapolis, Ind: Alpha
Books. ISBN 159257176X 
Woodhead, Linda (2004). Christianity: a very short introduction. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford
University Press. ISBN 0192803220
Wikipedia-Christianity- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity