Angles of Elevation and Depression

 Angle of Elevation – is the angle made with

the horizontal by the line of sight from an
observer to an object on a higher level than
the observer.
 Angle of Depression – is the angle made
with the horizontal by the line of sight from
an observer to an object on a lower level
than the observer.
1. From a point A on the ground 43 ft. from Philamlife
building, the angle of elevation of the top of the
building is 650. how high is the Philamlife?
2. From the top of Mt. Banahaw 135 m. high, it is
observed that the angle of depression of a ship is
210. How far is the ship from the top of the
mountain?
3. A man, standing 9 m. above the ground, observes
the angles of elevation and depression of the top
and bottom of the Rizal Monument in Luneta as
6050’ and 7030’, respectively. Find the height of the
monument.
4. A man 5 ft. tall casts a shadow of 6 ft on the
ground. Find the angle of elevation of the sun.
5. A cadet standing 120 m from the base of the
Independence Flagpole at the Luneta Park observes
from a certain point on the ground that the angle of
elevation of the top of the pole is 350. Find the height
of the flagpole.
6. On the way to the office, Susan was told that when
stands 123 ft. from the base of the building, the
angle of elevation of its top is 26030’. If her eyes are 5
ft above the ground, find the height of the building.
7. Find the height of the Manila Hotel if the
angle of elevation of its top is 610, when seen
from a point P of the street level 520 ft. from the
building.
8. A money on top of a table 1 m high is blown
by the wind on the ground with an angle of
elevation 500. How far did the money fall from
the table?
 Trigonometric Functions Of Any Angle
 Two special triangles are important in
trigonometric functions: 300-600-900 and 450-
450-900 triangles.
A. 300-600-900
Consider an equilateral triangle of side 2. If the
altitude is drawn from the vertex to the opposite
side, then the base is bisected into two equal
segments and, thus forming the 300-600-900. The
other leg is computed by Pythagorean Theorem.
 Thus, we have the following values of the
trigonometric functions of special angles 300
and 600.
Sin 300 = ½ = cos 600
Sin 600 = √3/2 = cos 300
Tan 300 = √3/3 = cot 600
Tan 600 = √3 = cot 300
B. 450-450-900
 The second special right triangle is the 450-
450-900 is simply obtained by using an
elementary theorem in Geometry that states:
If the two angles of a right are equal, then their
corresponding sides are also equal.
 The hypotenuse can be computed by using the
Pythagorean Theorem.
 Thus, we have the following values of the
trigonometric functions of the 450-450-900
Sin 450 = √2/2 = cos 450
Tan 450 = 1 = cot 450
Example:
If in a right triangle, the side opposite 600 is 9 m,
then what is the length of the hypotenuse?
Sol’n:
Sin 600 = 9/h, or h = 9/sin 600