Heat Transfer

EXTENDED SUFACES(FINS)
Poster Presentation
Semester 6
Mechanical Engineering
PES University Jan-May 2020

Roll No:39 SRN:PES1201701357 Name:Ananth Pai

 
Concept Description: Fins are the extended surface protruding from a surface or body and they are meant for increasing the heat transfer rate
Introduction: Convection heat transfer between a hot solid surface and the surrounding colder fluid is between the surface and the surrounding fluid by increasing heat transfer area. Fins can be broadly classified as:
governed by the Newton’s cooling law Q(conv) = h A [T(surface) – T(surroundings)] 1. Longitudinal fin 2. Radial fin 3. Pin fin
Therefore, convection heat transfer can be increased by either of the following ways For a fin with uniform cross section cross ----
1. Increasing the temperature difference between the surface and the fluid. Qx = -k Ac dT/dx (from Fourier law of heat conduction) -----{1} (k = thermal conductivity of fin material ;Ac= Area of cross section of the
2. Increasing the convection heat transfer coefficient by enhancing the fluid flow or flow velocity over the fin )
body. Let Qx+dx = heat conducted out of the element along x-direction
3. Increasing the area of contact or exposure between the surface and the fluid. Qx+dx = Qx + dx ----{2}
Most of the times, to control the temperature difference is not feasible and increase of heat transfer Qconvected = heat transfer by convection from the surface of element to fluid
coefficient may require installation of a pump or a fan or replacing the existing one with a new one having Qconvected= h () (T - )---{3}
higher capacity, the alternative is to increase the effective surface area by extended surfaces or fins. (convection area) = perimeter of fin length of element = P dx ;T = temperature of differential element
From the three equations---
Qx = Qx+dx + Qconvected
Qx= Qx + dx + h() (T - ) ; Assuming k is constant and T - =  We get - where
Applying specific boundary conditions we get equations
1) For an very long fin(infinitely long) (-)
Applications: 2)When fin tip insulated tanh(mL) where = =
Air cooled IC engines,refrigeration condensor tubes,electric transformers,reciprocating air compressors,semiconductor
3)When fin is short and end not insulated tanh(m) where = =
devices,automobile radiator

So,when is using fins feasible?

1. Fins are generally used where convection heat
transfer coefficient (h) values are relatively low i.e.
when air or gas is the medium and heat transfer is by
natural convection.
2. Fin material should made of highly conductive
materials. Aluminium is preferred: low cost and
weight, resistance to corrosion
3. Lateral surface area i.e. of the fin should be as
high as possible.
4. Fins with parabolic and triangular profiles contain
less material and are more efficient requiring
minimum weight.
5. The efficiency of most fins used in practice is
above 90 percent