SEVEN SACRAMENTS

More… about SACRAMENTS

 * SACRAMENT
* SACRED SCRIPTURAL BASIS
* SIGNS AND SYMBOLS
* FORMULA
*MINISTER
*PURPOSE
* EFFECTS
* OTHER DATA
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE
SACRAMENTS

1. SACRAMENT OF INITIATION
2. SACRAMENT OF HEALING
3. SACRAMENT OF VOCATION
AND COMMITMENT
 SACRAMENT OF
INITIATION
1.BAPTISM
2.CONFIRMATION
3.HOLY EUCHARIST
SACRAMENT OF HEALING
1.ANOINTING OF THE
SICK
2.RECONCILIATION
SACRAMENT OF VOCATION
& COMMITMENT

1.HOLY ORDERS
2.MATRIMONY
WE BELONG TO GOD’S FAMILY
 SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM
Sacred Scripture Basis: Mt. 28:19
Origin of the word: Greek word “Baptizein” which
means to plunge or immerse.
SIGNS AND SYMBOLS:
1. Water
2. Chrism oil
3. White garment
4. Candle
FORMULA:“(N) I baptize you in the name of the
Father, and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.”
 EFFECTS OF BAPTISM

• Becomes children of God

• Cleansed from original sin
• Incorporation in the church
 FOUR MAJOR PERIODS IN
BAPTISM
1.Pre-catechumenate- catechesis &
formation in the faith
2. Catechumenate- preparatory rites
3.Purification & enlightenment
4. deepening- post Baptismal
catechesis
• Baptism of desire
+ those being prepared for Baptism
and yet, for one reason or another,
they die before they are Baptized are
considered “Baptized” by virtue of
their desire
• Baptism of blood
+those who suffer death for the sake
of the faith without receiving the
Sacrament of Baptism.
 WE GROW IN THE HOLY SPIRIT
SCRIPTURAL BASIS: Acts 19:5-6
SIGNS & SYMBOLS:
1. Chrism oil- share more completely in the mission
of Jesus Christ.
2. Laying of hands- symbolizes the gift of the Spirit
FORMULA: “(N), be sealed with the gift of the
Holy Spirit”
MINISTER: Bishop
PURPOSE: Strengthened in Christian life
 THE RITE OF CONFIRMATION
The essential part of the Confirmation rite is
when the bishop or priest places his hand
upon the head of each individual.
The bishop traces the sign of the cross on
the person’s forehead – having first
dipped his thumb in the holy oil of called
chrism-and says, “Be sealed with the Gifts
of the Holy Spirit.” The newly confirmed
person responds by saying, “Amen.”
Chrism is one of the three kinds of holy
oil which a bishop blesses each year at
his Mass on Holy Thursday. The other
two kinds of holy oil are the oil of
catechumens (used of baptism) and
the oil of the sick (used of Anointing of
the Sick). The holy oils, all of them, are
composed of pure olive oil.
 EFFECTS OF CONFIRMATION

• Roots us more firmly with God the Father

• Unites us more firmly to Christ
• Increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us
• Renders our bond with the Church more
perfect
• Gives us special strength of the Holy
Spirit to spread & defend the faith
 The Sacrament of Confirmation: Grace for
Fullness of Faith and Life

There is a close relationship between

the sacraments of Baptisms and
Confirmation.
Confirmation is a distinct and complete
sacrament in its own right, its purpose
is to perfect in us that which was begin
in Baptism.
We receive a special grace by
which our faith is deepened and
strengthened, so that it will be
strong enough not only for our
own needs but for the needs of
others with whom we shall try
to share it.
Similarly, the confirmed Christian
begins to see (or ought to) his
responsibility to Christ for his
neighbor. He becomes deeply
concerned (or ought to) with the
welfare of Christ-in-the-world-
which is the Church- and the
welfare of Christ-in-his neighbor.
 It is in this sense that
Confirmation is a spiritual
“growing up”
ADDITIONAL DATA ON CONFIRMATION

Age of discretion
Choice of Godparents must be:
• At least 16 years old
• Good living Catholics
• Capable and responsible to uphold
their duty
THE EUCHARIST
NOURISHES US
 SACRAMENT of the HOLY EUCHARIST
Sacred Scripture Basis: Jn. 6: 51, 54 & 56
Origin of the word:
Greek word “eucharistein” which means
‘thanksgiving’
SIGNS AND SYMBOLS: bread and wine
FORMULA: “This is my body, which will be
given up for you.”
MINISTER: Priest
PURPOSE: Nourished with spiritual food
EFFECTS: • Union with Christ
• Liberation from sin
• Reconciliation
• Builds up the church
 The Minister
The ministers of the Eucharist is
the bishop and the priest.
They celebrate the mass In
Persona Christ, which means “In
the person of Christ.” The
bishops and the priests celebrate
the Mass for free, however, the
faithful have the duty to give their
offering in order to support their
daily necessities and the needs of
the Church.
 The Matter

The matter of the Eucharist is the

bread of wheat and the wine from the
grape, because this was the matter
used by Jesus during the Last Super.
The Mass is invalid if we use any other
matter, like the bread of corn, or the
wine of coconut.
 The Form
The form of Eucharis are these words:
“Take this, all of you, and eat of it, for this
is my body, which will be given up for you.
Take this, all of you and drink from it, for
this is the chalice of my blood, the blood
of the new and eternal covenant, which
will be poured out for you and for many
for the forgiveness of sins. Do this in
memory of me.”
OTHER DATA:
• Presence sacrament
• Sacrifice sacrament
• Communion sacrament
• Pledge of future glory
• Memorial Sacrament
 Presence sacrament
In the Eucharistic celebration, Christ is
present in:
 the assembly
 the person of the priest celebrant
 the Holy Scripture and
 Substantially and unceasingly under the
Eucharistic species of bread and wine
Sacrifice sacrament
Through the Eucharist, Christ’s sacrifice of the Cross on
Calvary is made present, and its saving power exerted
for the forgiveness of sins.
The Mass and the Sacrifice of the Cross are one and the
same sacrifice, Christ as Priest and Victim, crying for the
salvation of all, is the same in the Mass on the Cross.
Only the manner of offering is different:
Christ’s bloody sacrificial death on the Cross is made
present in an unbloody manner in the ritual sacrificial
meal instituted by Christ himself at the Last Supper.
Communion sacrament
Christ instituted the Eucharist at the
Last Supper so that all who shared in
His Body and Blood might become one
body with him. The Eucharist, then,
becomes, a meal of the communion – a
sign of unity and bond of charity.
 Pledge of Future Glory
In the Eucharist Christ left us a pledge of our
own resurrection and new life, food for the
journey, and a foretaste of the heavenly
banquet (GS 36)
Celebrating the Eucharist “until he comes” is
an eschatological meal embracing the hope
of both the individual believer and the whole
world as well.
 Memorial Sacrament
At the Last Supper, Christ commanded the
apostles; “Do this in memory of me.” (Lk 22:19)
This followed the tradition of the Paschal meal
which by celebrating the memory of Yahweh’s
great saving deed in the Exodus, made it present
today through God’s action.
Likewise the Eucharist brings us into the saving
presence of the Risen Christ, precisely in his act
of perfect sacrificial Love.
 REMINDERS…
1. Observe 1 hour fasting before receiving the
Holy Communion.
2. Bodily demeanor (gestures & clothing) ought
to convey the respect, solemnity of the
moment of receiving Jesus.
3. Participate actively during the Mass like in
the Mass responses and songs. Follow or
observe instructions as well.
E
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 Jesus instituted the sacrament
of the Eucharist during the Last
Supper.
As He was eating with his Apostles, he took
the bread, and when he had said the
blessing broke it and gave it to them. He
said, “Take it, this is my body.” Then He took
the chalice, and after giving thanks, gave it
to them, and all drank from it. Then He said
to them: “This is my blood, the blood of the
covenant, which is to be poured out for the
many”
(Mark 14:22-24)
This sacrament is
called by four
different names:
 The Eucharist
Because in every
Mass we give thanks
to the Lord for what
he has done for us.
The term Eucharist is
a Greek word which
means
“Thanksgiving.”
The Lord’s Supper

Because every time

we celebrate the
Eucharist we
remember the Last
Supper of Jesus, and
we create fellowship
among the faithful.
The Holy Sacrifice of
the Mass

Because in the
Eucharist we
sacramentally re-
enact the passion
and death of the
Lord.
The Memorial of Jesus’
Resurrection

Because in the
every Eucharist we
celebrate the
glorious
resurrection of
Jesus Christ.
 The bread and wine at the consecration
become the real Body and Blood of Christ-
as Jesus declared:
“This is my body, which is for you; do this in
memory of me. This chalice is the new
covenant I my blood. Whenever you drink it,
do this as a memorial of me”
(1 Corinthians 11:24-26)
 This magnificent miracle is called
Transubstantiation, which is the
sacramental act by which the
substance of the bread and wine is
changed into the substance of the
Body and Blood of Jesus.
The Graces of
the Eucharist
The sacrament of the Eucharist confers
three major spiritual graces, namely:

1. Receiving the Body and Blood of Christ:

Jesus is present in the Eucharistic species
in the real and substantial way, with his
person, body, soul, and divinity. As Jesus
declared: “He who eats my flesh and drinks
my blood lives in me and I live in him.”
(John 6:56)
 2. Atoning for the Sins of the
Living and the Dead:

The Eucharist has the power to

forgive the venial sins of the living
and also of expiating the temporal
punishment of the souls in Purgatory.
 3. Receiving Eternal Life:

The Eucharist is pledge of eternal life: as

Jesus promised: “I am the living bread
which has come down from heaven.
Anyone who does eat my flesh and drink
my blood has eternal life, and I shall raise
him up on the last day.”
(John 6: 51, 54)
Requirements for
Receiving Holy
Communion
 Only Christian Catholics
can receive Holy
Communion.
The Church invites us to
receive Holy Communion
every time we attend to the
Holy Mass, provided we are
in the state of grace.
We commit a sacrilege if we
receive it in the state of
mortal sin;
as St. Paul said: “Anyone who
eats the bread or drinks the
cup of the Lord unworthily
will be behaving unworthily
towards the body and blood
of the Lord” (1 Corinthians
11:27). Before receiving Holy
Communion we must confess
all our mortal sins.
All the faithful must attend
to the Hoy Mass every
Sunday and on all Feasts of
Obligations, and receive the
Holy Communion at least
once a year, on Easter time.
Those who attend to the
Eucharist every day will
receive countless material
and spiritual graces from the
Lord.
Jesus is present in the bread alone,
in the Blood alone, and in the Body
and Blood together. It is more
biblical to receive Holy Communion
under the two species of bread and
wine because Jesus said, “Take it and
eat, this is my body… drink all of you
from this, for this is my Blood”
(Matthew 26:26-28) However, even
if we receive the bread alone, we
receive the whole Jesus Christ, his
body, blood and soul, and divinity.
 If we really love the
Lord, we not only
participate in the Holy
Mass, but also visit him
in the Blessed
Sacrament. We should
visit the Blessed
Sacrament to adore and
thank the Lord for all the
graces He has given us.
The Eucharist (Miracle)
 SACRAMENT OF
RECONCILIATION

Biblical Basis: John 20: 21-23

Signs & Symbol: ABSOLUTION
Minister: Priest
Purpose: Forgiveness of sins
Effect: Obtain pardon from God’s
mercy
 Formula: Formula of absolution
“God the Father of mercies,
through the death and
resurrection of His Son has
reconciled the world to Himself
and sent the Holy Spirit among us
for the forgiveness of sins; through
the ministry of the Church, may
God give you pardon and peace
and I absolve you from your sins…”
 Sin is…
a. a moral attitude, power, action, or
refusal to act,
b. that leads us into evil,
c. alienates/separates us from
• our true selves,
• our neighbors, the community,
and
It often becomes “compulsive” or
“addictive,” and weakens our
power of resistance.
Despite its often glamorous cover,
sin actually injures, destroys,
dishonors, poisons, and corrupts.
OTHER DATA…

Dimensions
of Sin:
1. Reality
 Sin as a moral reality is an attitude, an
action or failure to act, or a power or force
that leads us into evil. Sin separates us
from, alienates us from, i.e., makes us
strangers (aliens) from our true selves
(intra-personal), our neighbors (inter-
personal), the larger community (societal),
and God, the ground and source of all
three (cf. NCDP 259-63).
2. Structure
Sin can be classified as:
• personal: as committed by the individual
person, but always in relation to others and the
community;
• social: as common negative moral attitudes
and acts;
• structural: as economic, social or political
patterns or systems that produce injustice and
harm.
3. Degree
• nature of the act
• Intention
• circumstances or
situation you are in
CIRCUMSTANCES….
 grave matter
 sufficient
knowledge
 full consent
In reference to their gravity
sins are commonly classified as
“mortal” or “venial”:
 Mortal sin, or “sin unto death”
kills our basic love relationship
with God and others. For a sin to
be considered “mortal” there
must be grave matter, sufficient
knowledge and full consent.
Venial sin is “excusable sin”
which does not involve our
fundamental core freedom,
but undermines and
weakens our love
relationships with God and
others. Some venial sins can
deeply hurt our relationships
with God and others, and
should be confessed in the
Sacrament of Reconciliation.
 TEMPTATION
Is an incitement to sin
whether by persuasion or
by the offer of some good
or pleasure.
 CONCUPISCENCE
The disorder of desires which, while
not sin in the true and proper sense,
comes from original sin and inclines
to sin. Since it remains in the
baptized, it is left to us to wrestle
with, and to resist it by the grace of
Jesus Christ.
 CONSCIENCE
The inner power which
discerns and calls us to do
what is good and to avoid evil,
according to the law God has
written in our hearts.
 FREEDOM
Is a shared capacity with
others in the community for
choosing – not anything at all –
but what is the good, in order
to become our true selves.
 CHOICE
Bear upon actions that we can do.
The actions are outward
expression of a person’s choice,
the disclosure or revelation of
that person’s moral identity, his
or her being as a moral being.
 GRAVE MATTER
Grave mater is specified by the Ten
Commandments, corresponding to
the answer of Jesus to the rich young
man: “Do not kill, Do not commit
adultery, Do not steal, Do not bear
false witness, Do not defraud, Honor
your father and your mother.” CCC 1858
 GRAVE MATTER
The gravity of sins is more or less
great: murder is graver than
theft. One must take into account
who is wronged: violence against
parents is in itself graver than
violence against a stranger.” CCC 1858
SUFFICIENT KNOWLEDGE

Of the serious nature of a

sinful action is present if one is
clearly conscious that the act
is mortally sinful
 FULL CONSENT

Is present when one freely

wills to commit an action
although one clearly knows it
is gravely sinful.
 SACRAMENT OF ANOINTING OF THE SICK

Biblical Basis: James 5: 14-15

Signs & Symbol: oil
Minister: Priest or deacon
Purpose: Healing whether physical
ailment or spiritual disease
Effect: Union of the sick person with
that of Christ- the suffering
Savior and the Healer of all.
* HOLY VIATICUM- communion given to the dying
Through the grace of the Sacrament:
a. The whole man is brought to health
b. Trust in God is encouraged and
c. Strength is given to resist the temptation of
the evil one and anxiety about death. A
return to physical health may even follow if it
will be beneficial to the sick person’s
salvation.
What is the relation between sickness and sin?
What is the Christian attitude toward sickness?
Did Christ institute this sacrament of Anointing
of the Sick?
 THREE DISTINCT ACTIONS:

1.Prayer of faith
2.Laying on of hands
3.Anointing with oil
 FORMULA
Through this holy anointing, may
the Lord in His love and mercy,
help you with the grace of the
Holy Spirit. Amen. May the Lord
who frees you from sin save you
and raise you up. Amen
 The 3 levels of Vocation:
Paraphrased from the book “The Pope and The CEO” by Andreas Widmer.

1: The Universal Vocation – To know, love

and serve God in this life so that you can
know, love and serve him eternally in the
next life.
This vocation is universal in that it applies
to every human being. The objective is to
cooperate with God in His work to save
your soul.
2. Primary Vocation – this is how we
live out our universal vocation.

According to the Catholic Church

there are four primary vocations;
married life, dedicated single life
(living in the world), the priesthood
and consecrated life
(living in community).
3. Secondary Vocation – How you use your
gifts and talents in service to God while
living out your universal and primary
vocations.
For most of us it means our work or
profession. It can also apply to your family,
civic and community involvement, apostolic
work or bearing the various crosses and
trials that come your way. It’s your plan of
action for living.
Seven Attitudes or Qualities Required for an
Authentic Discernment Process
(Draw Me Into Your Friendship: The Spiritual
Exercises, A Literal Translation and a
Contemporary Reading by David Fleming, SJ, [5,
16, 24-26, 149-55, 169] Numbers refer to the
paragraph numbers of the Ignatian text. All
quotations from The Spiritual Exercises in this
booklet are taken from Fleming’s contemporary
reading of the Spiritual Exercises. )
 1. Openness
= We must approach the decision in question
with an open mind and an open heart.

= may be affected by pre-conceived outcome

based on
- self-will
- biases
- attachments ( limitations & conditions)
 2. Generosity
requires a generous spirit with which
we, with a largeness of heart, put no
conditions on what God might call us
to. This is like writing God a signed
“blank check” letting God fill in the
amount and content of the check. Only
a generous person would do this.
 3. Courage
to give up control and trustingly put the
decision in God’s hands while seeking
God’s will over our own. There’s no telling
where God might be calling us – whether
to be a religious sister or brother, a priest,
a lay minister working for the Church, a lay
missionary, or a married parent of a large
family. To be that open and generous takes
courage.
 4. Interior Freedom

To make such a prayerful,

generous, courageous decision
requires interior freedom. Ignatius
describes three types of people
and their differing approaches to
decision making.
 The first type is
“all talk and no action.”

This kind of person is full of good

intentions but remains so distracted by
his or her busyness about so many
relatively inconsequential things that
they never get around to the “one
thing necessary,” namely, God’s will for
them. Not to decide ends up being
their decision.
 The second type does everything but the
one thing necessary.
These people may do all kinds of good things in
their life but don’t face the central issue of what
God is calling them to. They are in effect putting
conditions on what God can call them to. They’ll
do good things as long as it doesn’t ask too
much of them – especially demand a total
commitment that would call them to adjust their
priorities to what God is asking of them and thus
put God’s will first in their lives.
The third type of person is the only one who
is truly free.

Their whole and deepest desire

is to do whatever God’s will is
for them with no conditions
attached. This is the attitude
necessary to authentically find
and follow God’s will for us.
HOW TO DISCERN GOD’S WILL?
Step 1: Assess if there is a need for discernment
(one good against another good)
Step 2: Ask yourself, “Am I ready to obey God
whatever His will may be?”
 Step 3: Seek a co-discerner who himself
regularly seeks, and is submitted to, God’s will.
Step 4: Pray and take time to listen to God’s
voice, using the Church’s Liturgical Readings.
 Step 5: Even as you pray and listen to God’s
word, be sensitive to circumstances, which the
Lord uses to reveal His will.
Step 6: Wait for the Lord.
Step 7: Obey without delay.
 SACRAMENT OF HOLY ORDERS

Scriptural Basis: Hebrews 5: 1 & 4

Signs & Symbols: laying on of hands
Formula: “Lord send forth upon him the Holy
Spirit, that he may be strengthened
by the gift of your sevenfold grace to
carry out faithfully the work of
ministry.”
Minister: Bishop
Purpose: Share in Christ’s ministerial priesthood
Effects: Continuation of Christ’s 3-fold ministry
here on earth:
* effective preaching of God’s Word
*lead others into the prayer of Christ
* Shepherd with the affection of Christ
OTHER DATA:
indelible spiritual character
 SACRAMENT OF HOLY MATRIMONY or
MARRIAGE
Scriptural Basis: Genesis 1:27
Signs & Symbols:
1. Candles- Jesus as their Guide
2. Arrhae- material provision
3. Rings- unconditional love
4. Veil- submission & dependence on one
another
5. cord- bind them as one
Formula: “I do”

Minister: priest

Purpose: Procreation and share in God’s

creative action in the world

Effects: 1.marriage as a sacrament

2.conjugal love and fidelity
3.serving life: offspring
 OTHER DATA:

Four Tasks of Christian Family:

1. forming a community of persons
2. serving life
3. participation in the society
development
4. sharing in the mission of the
Church