Look at the pictures:

1. Observe the following pictures. (Setting/Time)

2. Compare the difference between the two pictures.

1. Observe the following pictures. (Setting/Time)

2. Compare the difference between the two
pictures.
3. How do you relate the first two pictures to the
next picture?
Subject : Art Appreciation
Name : Gilbert William C. Salazar
Topic : Art as Form and Meaning
Exercise No. : Lecture and Class Participation
 EDUCATION

art
economics

history

CULTURE
POLITICS

technology

GEOGRAPHY
Religion&philosophy
CULTURE
 Everything tangible and intangible you do and think
of in a given time and place

Accumulation of shared knowledge, experiences,
beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies,
religion, notions of time and space, roles, concepts
of the universe, material object, and possessions

 An encompassing system that allows a society to

survive
 A way of life nurtured by the sharing and
passing on of knowledge
 ARTS is a vast subdivision of culture.

The ARTS encompasses visual arts,

literary arts, and the performing arts.
ART
Art is experience
Art imitates
Art interprets
Art expresses
Art is order
Art affects, delights, and
evokes a reaction
ART

Art embodies values, the

most important of these is
beauty
ARTS and CULTURE are important because
it preserves our heritage, that gives a
medium for artistic expression.

CULTURE
art
• literature and poetry
• dance and music
• visual arts
• multi-media

ARTSTYLE EQUALS LIFESTYLE

 MEANINGS (ideas, emotions,
values: VIEW OF LIFE)

Experience & COPING

art
process

SUPPORT SYSTEM
CULTURE HISTORY

SETTING literature and poetry

dance and music
SOCIETY POWER visual arts
architecture
multi-media/trans-media/
inter-media

SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS
HEIRARCHY/POLITICS
Art as Form and Meaning
PRINCIPLES
• Artistic creations are human activities which are manifestations of a culture;
they can be studied in both their synchronic and diachronic manifestations, as
such, the Dominant Civilizations are best understood by the artistic milestones
they have produced (in a sense: Artstyle approximates Lifestyle)

• Civilizations develop from genesis to growth, then decay, and revitalization, an

order of “order-disorder-order” approach, and Art is as much a reflection of this
“classic” order particularly Art nurtured in the West

• Language and literature (including other “textual” mediums like film,

photography, theatre, etc.) are focal instruments in Art and Culture Studies
because of the knowledge system and meanings that these expressions bear
Art as Form and Meaning
PRINCIPLES
• Artistic expressions have meanings determined by the people that create them
• Artistic expressions emerge from the primeval need for survival and are manifested
in the origins of religion through myth, ritual, and magic
• The creation of Art undergoes processes that characterize and reveal the qualities
and manners of cultural change
• Artistic expressions reveal a worldview and are nurtured by political, economic, and
religious institutions, social structures, gender, modes of production, and technology
• Civilizations manifest themselves in the cultures they have nurtured, and these
cultures can be understood in the creative products these civilizations have produced
from distinct contexts
• The creation of Art is a process where process and product are important to those
who need for aesthetic view and usage
• The study of Art and its processes is holistic and interconnects with a larger
determining system
Art as Form and Meaning
Approaches to the study
• SYNCHRONIC • DIACHRONIC
Studies structure of forms Studies Art within the
independent from culture context of a milieu
(formal)

CONCEPTS CONCEPTS
medium, subject, culture, history, function,
elements, technique, form, values, worldview, myth
expressive content & religion, semiotics
Art as Form and Meaning
Approaches to the study
Synchronic:
Vertical and structural, Associative order
Formalist, studies art independent from a context. The
aesthetic properties are immediately determined.
Formal properties stylistically links one work to
another over a period of time, apart from their human
content
Contextual/Diachronic:
Horizontal and chronological, cause-effect order
Art as Form and Meaning
• The SYNCHRONIC and DIACHRONIC Approaches

Elements and principles of organization in the Arts

Basic Art Terms

MEDIUM - the physical means or stuff through which we come in contact
with the work of art; the material out of which the artist creates his work.
The artist’s choice of medium affects expressive content. (In general,
medium for the visual arts is color, tone for music, words for Literature, and
action and voice for the combined arts like theater and dance.)

TECHNIQUE - the way the artist uses his materials and medium in
expressing an idea, feeling or sensation

ELEMENTS - properties or qualities of the medium: line, color, shape,

texture, volume, etc.
Art as Form and Meaning
• The SYNCHRONIC and DIACHRONIC Approaches

Elements and principles of organization in the Arts

SUBJECT MATTER - the recognizable objects, persons or incidents

represented in a work of art. A work of art having no subject is also called
Non-Objective or Non-Representation Art.

VISUAL FORM (Aural Form in Music) - the particular manner in which

the elements exist or appear; the specific manner in which they were
used by the artist in terms of arts and the whole -- whether or not  in
interaction, relationship, or fusion with subject matter -- in order to
express an idea, feeling, or sensation
Art as Form and Meaning
• The SYNCHRONIC and DIACHRONIC Approaches

Elements and principles of organization in the Arts

EXPRESSIVE CONTENT (or expressive significance) - the ideas,

feelings, sensations (theme, message, meaning) presented in a work
of art. Expressive content arises from the effect of visual or aural form
or, if there is subject matter, from the combined effect or “unique fusion” of
subject matter and particular visual form. In trying to determine the
expressive content of a work of art with subject matter, we may ask
ourselves: What attitude, feeling, idea or statement about the subject
matter is the artist trying to convey through the specific form that he
used?
Art as Form and Meaning
• The SYNCHRONIC and DIACHRONIC Approaches

MEDIUM. The tangible means through which we come into contact with a work of
Art.
CLASSIFICATIONS are often determined according to
the mediums these forms utilize:

SPACE – VISUAL ARTS

Painting, Sculpture, Photography and Architecture

TIME – AURAL - TEMPORAL ARTS

Music and Literature

COMBINED – MULTI-MEDIA ARTS

Theatre, Dance, Film, Performance Art
AESTHETICS

• Time-space continuum
• Values
• Function
Principles that • Process
define what is • Means of production
•
beautiful Relationships: expression,
producer, audience-
consumer
Qualities of ART
Palpable: it is experienced through a medium or
mediums
Qualities of Art
Functional: it fulfills some social role in the community
Qualities of Art
• Expresses a reality, a
lifestyle
• A people’s way of
understanding their
world
• Forms are loaded with
values

Art is living, interactive, and evolving.

It is always CONTEMPORARY
If Art is not static, what do we make of
PRESERVATION?

Objects, beliefs, behavior, and knowledge

kept in their original states

ART WORKS and ARTIFACTS

Works and Expressions ‘frozen’ in time
Man-made, reminders and evidences
of our past (historical and archaeological significance)

MUSEUMS and ARCHIVES

FOOD
The order of a French meal
And we have this style
Bahay Kubo
HOUSE
torogan
bungalow
jeepney
Art as experience indicates some
encounter with time that instils
knowledge, skill, & an impression.
Subject : Art Appreciation
Name : Gilbert William C. Salazar
Topic : ARTIST AND ARTISAN
Exercise No. : 1 (Art Activity)
Art Appreciation/ Artist and Artisan

ARTIST • A person who creates art

• A skilled person at drawing,
painting, etc.

ARTISAN • A person who is skilled at

making things by hands
• A worker who practices a trade
or handicrafts
Art Appreciation/ Artist and Artisan
WORK FORM ARTIST ARTISAN
Poem x  
Furniture   x
Building   x
Dance x  
Painting x  
Clothes   x
Shoes   x
Sculpture x  
Farming Tools   x
Wall Decors   x
Art Appreciation/ Artist and Artisan

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER (STORY MAP)

- is a visual & graphic display that depicts the
relationships between facts, terms and or ideas within a
learning task.
- also sometimes referred to as knowledge maps,
concept maps, story maps, cognitive organizers, advance
organizers or concept diagrams.
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
A graphic organizer that would give a visual representation of the chosen
artist/artisan in Terms medium/technique/process/people involved
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES

• Universal Appeal
• Accessibility and supply of the
MEDIUM/S • Organic/ Indigenous
material within the community
Material

• Indigenous • Passion for the art (successor)

TECHNIQUE/S might diminish through time
• Uniqueness
• Tedious/boring
• Traditional • Time consuming
CREATIVE PROCESS
• Indigenous • Effort (clientele)
• Clientele’s preference (in terms
of design)
• Exclusivity
PERSONS • Unique Design of the • Consequences of
INVOLVED Artist removing/changing of tattoo
design
Assignment
• Individual:
Select one(1) artist or artisan in your area or locality and
identify briefly his medium, technique, creative process and
persons involved(if any).

• Group:
Create and present one(1) graphic organizer selected from
any one of the member that would give a visual representation of
the chosen artist/artisan.
Critiquing: Process observer
• One group will observe, ask or give suggestions/added
information on the presentation