Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Fourth Edition
Morse and Babcock
Chapter 7
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Management Functions
Planning
Decision Making
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
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Objectives
• Explain the difference between leaders and
managers
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If your actions inspire others to dream
more, learn more, do more and become
more, you are a leader.
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Leadership
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Managers Leaders
Administer Innovate
Ask how and when Ask what and why
Maintain Develop
Short term perspective Longer term perspective
Imitate Originate
Are a copy Are original
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Leadership
• Nature of Leadership
– It is the ability to get people to do what they don’t
want to do and like it
• Leadership Traits
– Physical Qualities
– Personal Attributes
– Character Attributes
– Intellectual Qualities
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Leadership Continuum
• Autocratic
• Diplomatic
• Consultative
• Participative
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Leadership Examples
• Jack Welch
• Shackleton
• Rudy Giuliani
• Oprah Winfrey
• Bill Gates
• George Washington
• Hsun Tzu
• Bill Swanson
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Servant Leadership
• Practical philosophy which supports
people who choose to serve first,
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Motivation
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Motivation
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Motivation Theories
• McGregor
• Maslow
• Herzberg
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McGregor
Theory X and Theory Y
• Theory X – authoritarian
management style
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Maslow’s Hierarchy
• Physiological
• Safety
• Love
• Esteem
• Self-actualization
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Maslow, cont.
Higher Level
• Self-Actualization
Realizing one’s full potential;
Creativity, self-development
• Esteem
Self respect, prestige, recognition
• Affiliation
Acceptance by others, being part of
a group
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Maslow, cont.
Lower Level
• Security/Safety
Job security, predictable work
environment
• Physiological
Food, shelter, air, water
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Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
• Motivator factors that are intrinsic to
the job
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Hygiene Factors
• Salary
• Working Conditions
• Company Policies
• Relationship with Boss
• Relationship with Peers
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Motivator Factors
• Recognition
• Work Itself
• Responsibility
• Advancement
• Achievement
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Behavior modification
• Positive reinforcement
• Negative reinforcement, or avoidance
• Punishment
• Extinction
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Differences Among
Technical Professionals
• Scientists versus engineers
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