Field Preventive Maintenance Program

A comprehensive preventive maintenance program can greatly reduce the

frequency of equipment failures by finding and correcting potential problems
before failures occur.

The FPM program consists of three levels of inspection.

The PM1 procedures include quick inspection, maintenance, and resistance

checks that are done after each job. PM-II procedures consists of periodic
inspections and detailed maintenance that should be performed no less than
once a year.

Additional PM2 maintenance schedules are determined at the district level,

based upon local operating conditions.

PM3 procedures cover such items as complete tool overhauls and complete tool
inspections. PM-III procedures apply only to certain tools and are documented in
the PM-II manual.

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PM1’s place in the FPM Program

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 PM1 procedure
PM1 procedures should be performed by the Service Crew (Field Engineer and
Operators) after every job or trip, for every single tool transported to and
from the wellsite.

PM1 procedures usually include visual checks of the tool's appearance and
mechanical condition, and detailed insulation and continuity checks.

O-Rings, Boots, Exposed wires, Pinched wires, Loose connectors, Oil Levels,
Pins, Snap Rings are generally the major causes

All problems must be reported to the Field Engineer. Field Engineer must fill out
a Correction Prevention Improvement (CPI) report. Depending on the problem
Field Engineer and crew may attempt to fix the problem else the Field Engineer
and crew shall RED TAG the equipment and move it to Lab for the District
Technician or Maintenance Engineer for further investigation.

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 Equipment Status
EQUIPMENT FROM THE JOB

MECHANIC ELECTRONIC CH OPERATIONS BASIC &

EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT AUX. EQUIPMENT

DOES IT NEED TO BE YES PLACE EQ. IN

WASH EQUIPMENT
and Color Tags
WASHED? WASHING AREA
YELLOW TAG – PM1
BLUE TAG NO Indicates the equipment has successfully
passed the basic PM1 and inspection and
IS IT RED TAGGED? DOES IT
HAVE ANY FAILURE REPORTED
YES is waiting for operational checks

NO
PERFORM PM-1
OR EQUIVALENT **
PERFORM REPAIR
WORK & UPDATE
MOVE EQ. TO REPAIR
AREA OR RED RACK
GREEN TAG - READY
RECORDS
Indicates that the tool has been checked by a
NO
Technical Professional and is READY for a
DOES EQ. MEET TAG EQ.
PM-1** CRITERIA? RED TAG JOB. Equipment placed on Ready Equipment
Areas, Tool Baskets, and Trucks
RED TAG
YES
TAG EQ. & MOVE TO
YELLOW TAG
RED TAG - BAD
TRANSITION AREA
UPDATE RECRDS

PERFORM PROG. Indicates that the tool is NOT Operational,

MAINTENANCE
IS PROGRAMED YES
needs to be repaired or go through a PM.
MAINTENANCE, OR
CERTIFICATION DUE? PERFORM
Equipment placed on Red Racks
CERTIFICATIONS

BLUE TAG – NOT USED

NO
PERFORM CALIBRATIONS
& OPERATIONAL CHECKS

Equipment returned from the field that was not

NO
used. Waiting for PM1 & Operational Check.
IS EQUIPMENT OK?
Equipment placed on PM1 Area

YES No Tag – Unknown Status – Requires PM-1 –

TAG EQ. & MOVE TO
GREEN TAG READY EQ. AREA
UPDATE RECORDS Unacceptable practice. At Bases Equipment
MUST be tagged. Ready Boxes MUST be
** The concept for equipment maintenance does not change based on the different types of equipment. The flow presented here is the general
4
concept that applies to all equiment.
HES equipment, Mechanical Equipment, external manufacturers may define basic and programemed maintenance with different nomenclature.
tagged. Storage Boxes MUST be tagged
 Cleaning & Washing
Most well fluids like Muds are corrosive and if left inside the Logging Tools for long will
gradually spoil the sealing surfaces of tools and tools may fail under high pressure
The following precautions must be borne in mind while cleaning
1. Do not use Steam or diesel on rubber parts
2. Do not use High Pressure Water Jet on fragile moving parts
3. After cleaning with water, use compressed air to dry the Tool (before putting on
Rack)
4. Be extra careful when washing Fibreglass bodied tools. Fibreglass can get inside
skin easily and cause itching and rashes
5. DO NOT ever poke a sharp tool like a Screwdriver inside the Tool body for cleaning

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 Resistance and Diode Checks
The following Analog Meters MUST be used for all PM1 checks. No unapproved
Meters are allowed
• RS-260
• Simpson260 / 270
• Triplett 630 NS (Do not use the APL and PLK models)
Usually Resistance Checks are divided into
•Upper Head to Housing
•Lower Head to Housing
•Upper Head to Lower Head
•Some Tools may have Head to specific Electrodes
DO NOT EVER USE MEGGER FOR PM1
CHECK FOR CORRECT POLARITY OF PROBES WHEN DOING DIODE CHECKS
DO NOT INSERT MULTIMETER PROBES INTO TOOL FEMALE CONNECTORS6
 Tool PM1 Sheet and Record
PM1 Check Page 1 of 2

DITS High Resolution Induction (HRIT) 3.11530

HRE-B Electronic Section 3.11350

Serial Number: Drawing Number:

Date: Technician:

1.Only use a Simpson 260 VOM to check the tool.

2.Zero the meter before making the resistance checks.
3.The leads on the meter must be reversed and a second reading made when Diode or Cap effect is listed under the “Resistance” heading.
Red Lead Black Lead Set selector switch to +DC

Lower Head to
Lower Head Housing Resistance Scale Measured Value
1 Diode effect 500  ± 300  to 1.8k  ± 500  R x 100

2 0.2  Rx1

3 Diode effect 2.3k  ± 500  to 80k  ± 20k  R x 100

4 Diode effect 3k  ± 1k  to 60k  ± 10k  R x 100

5, 10, 11, 16, 18, 23 25, 26, 27 3.2k  ± 0.6k  R x 100

6, 12, 17, 19, 21, 22 Diode effect 700  ± 200  to 1.8k  ± 300  R x 100

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Tool PM1 History Sheets

8
Tool type Operational checks

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 Oil Levels are Important
Some Logging Tools have Oils filled into them. Oils inside Tools can have the
following purpose
1. Provide Pressure Compensation
2. Provide Hydraulic Power to moving parts
3. Provide Electrical Insulation for connectors
Some common oils are
a. DC200 – 100 cs Silicone Oil – Silicone Static Applications
b. Exxon Turbo 2380 – Dynamic Applications
c. Exxon UniVis J26 – Hydraulic Dynamic Applications
d. Texaco Capella – Pressure Compensation, Moving Parts

Oils expand with temperature. Overfilling can damage Tool

Oils may contain air bubbles. Under filling can damage Tool
Therefore it is extremely IMPORTANT to have NO Air Bubbles and CORRECT levels
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DO NOT ever MIX two different Oils. The mixture could be worse…
Oil Evacuation / Filling Procedure

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 Solvents & Lubricants
In Logging we use a variety of sophisticated Lubricants. Refer to the individual
PM1 sheets of each Tool to see which Oils, Solvents and Lubricants are to be
used.
DO NOT mix chemicals.
ALWAYS USE the recommended Chemicals ONLY
Some common ones are
WD40 – General purpose corrosion resistant oil. Helps in opening seized threads
RTV – Silicone Rubber Sealant
Always STORE chemicals Safely. Some Solvents and Lubricants are volatile and
Inflammable

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Lubricants

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O-Rings & Backup Rings
O Rings form the Primary Seal for most Logging and
Downhole Tools
O Rings are made of an Elastomer compound. Selection of
material depends on application (media to be sealed,
temperature range, pressure/vacuum range, dynamic
motion). Design Attributes (component geometry, desired
service life, installation considerations, tolerances)
Three common materials used
by Halliburton depending on
Fluids

1. Buna-N (Nitrile) – used in

some Cased Hole
2. Viton – Most common on
Pressure
Loggingrating
Toolsrequired
decides
3. AFLASthe–Durometer
CO2 and H2S
environment
70 Duro will beonly
softer than 90
Duro
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NEVER SUBSITUTE ORings
15
O-Ring Sizes

It is easy to make a mistake.

Always use the correct PN fresh
from Store (labelled)
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DO NOT Reuse ORings
 Common failures of O-Rings

Abrasion Chemical Degradation Extrusion

Machining Finish Wrong choice of material Decrease Clearance, use polymer backup rings

Installation Damage Thermal degradation Spiral Failure

Remove Sharp edges Choose correct material and Installation or Not enough
duro Lubricant on O Ring

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 How often should we change O-Rings
Even if the O-Ring looks good on visual inspection the following guideline may be
used for changing O-Rings

O Rings MUST be stored in Black or Any ULTRA Voilet blocking Plastic Wrapper.
Keep O-Rings is cool dry storage only. If a new Pack has been opened and only a
few O-Rings used, then put Silica Gel bags along with the balance O Rings

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 Backup Rings
At very high pressures, the seal must have sufficient strength to resist extrusion
into the clearance gap. The chart at right illustrates the recommended limits of the
combination of clearance gap (diametral), seal hardness, and pressure differential. 
Techniques to avoid extrusion in high-pressure applications include decreasing the
clearance gap, increasing the elastomer modulus (Mod 100) and the use of backup
rings. Backup rings can be made of many rigid polymeric materials and are used
on the low-pressure side within the gland to help prevent extrusion. Standard size
backup rings are available in many materials.

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 Soldering on Logging Tools
Normal Soldering equipment available for Radio, TVs etc. is NOT suitable for
Logging Tools. Normal Solder alloys contain 60% Tin (Sn) & 40% Lead (Pb)
Logging Tools mostly use special Solders of HMP type. These contain 93.5 Lead
(Pb) 5% Tin (Sn) 1.5% Silver (Ag).
Many types of Solders are used. Use ONLY the solder recommended in the Manual

Soldering
Temperature
is about 300-
400 degC

Most Logging Tools have very sophisticated pcbs, and use equally sophisticated
Solder Alloys and Equipment for reliable Soldering
DO NOT EVER use DESOLDERING SUCKER on pcbs. Use Desoldering Braid20
Pins, Sockets, Sleeves, Boots &
Connectors

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 Tool Joint Threads
2 Basic Threads used on Logging Tools
V-Threads – Easy to make, Symmetrical
.Used on most Light Cased Hole Tools (like
PLT). Some special V Threads can seal
(metal to metal) if tightened enough. Most V
Threads have an angle of 60 degrees

Acme Threads – Most

Open Hole and Heavy
Cased Hole Tools use
Acme or Stub Acme
threads. Acme threads
are an improvement over
the obsolete Square
threads

ALL THREADS NEED TO BE LUBRICATED TO PREVENT

SEIZURE OR GALLING 22
Simpson Analog 260 VOM
Use 2 Battery Cells Use extreme caution while Transporting

1.5 V Keep Meter in OFF / TRANSIT position

(or in some meters 500 mA position)
9V – Used for R X when transporting
10,000 ohms range
Do not use this Meter for measuring AC
of frequency > 100 Hz

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Simpson 260 Controls

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Schematic of 260 / 270

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Fluke Digital Multi-meter
Fluke 87 Most commonly used Digital
Multimeter
RMS Value of non Sinusoidal
signals
ADC
Polarity of Leads
DO NOT USE ANY OTHER
CHEAP TYPE OF DIGITAL
MULTIMETER (CHINESE OR
TAIWAN) UNLESS APPROVED
IN WRITING BY TECHNICAL
SERVICES 26
Safety Meter – SD 109
Extremely low Injection
Voltage and Current
RF Capable
AC and DC Capable
Can be used for Checking
Electrical Detonators and Rig
to Casing Voltages (Stray
current Test)

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Baroid Resistivity Meter

Used for measuring Mud Resistivity

Uses 22 Volt Battery
Scale Calibrated to read Resistivity
in ohmm directly

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 Megger
Amprobe AMB 35
Used for checking Insulation of Logging
Cable, Slip Ring
Test Voltage can be selected
250V, 500V or 1000V
DO NOT USE FOR PM1 ON ANY
OTHER EQUIPMENT UNLESS
SPECIFICALLY MENTIONED IN
MANUAL
*Also sometimes used for checking
Insulation of Feedthru wires, connectors29
in Tool Sondes