CDI 4

DRUG EDUCATION
AND
VICE CONTROL
Drugs
 
- Any chemically active substance rendering a specific effect on the
central nervous system of man.
 
- A chemical substance that affects the functions of living cells and
alters body or mind processes when taken into the body or applied
through the skin.
 
- Is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or
behavioral change in a person taking it.
  
When are drugs harmful?
  Any drug may be harmful when taken in:
 - Excess;
- Dangerous combinations;
- By hypersensitive (allergic) person
 
Drug Abuse
 - Is the overuse or consumption of drugs other than for medical
reasons.
- Any non-medical use of drugs that cause physical, psychological, or
social damage to the user or to the people affected by the user’s
behavior.
- Using drugs without prescription.
- Abuse of drugs and other substances can lead to physical and
psychological dependence.
DRUGS COMMONLY ABUSED

 1) STIMULANT
- Drug that excite the central nervous system, increasing
alertness, decreasing fatigue, delaying sleep, also impale
appetite and cause weight loss.
a) Shabu – street names, poor man’s cocaine, S, ice,
Shabs, Ubas, bato, Siopao

Methamphetamine hydrochloride/SHABU - a type of

amphetamine also known as “poor man’s cocaine”.  Other
names are Shabu, Ubas, Siopao, Sha and Ice. 
 
b) Cocaine – an agent that produces a temporary increase
of the functional activity or efficiency of an Organism or any
of its parts.
Street names – Coke, Snow, Flake, Bow

Cocaine - is a drug from the leaves of the Coca plant, a

hrub that originated in South America. This drug affects
he central nervous system as a stimulant.
2) Opiates/Narcotic

- Group of drugs that are used medically to relieve pain, but

have a high potential for abuse.

-In medicine, the term opiate describes any of

the narcotic opioid alkaloids found as natural products in
the opium poppy plant, Papaver somniferum.

Narcotic – substance that lessens pain and/or induces

stupor.
a). Opium – is the dried latex obtained from the opium
poppy (Papaver somniferum). Opium contains up to
12% morphine, an alkaloid, which is frequently processed
chemically to produce heroin. The latex also includes codeine.
Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, is the species of plant from
which opium and poppy seeds are derived. Opium is the source of
many narcotics, including morphine (and its
derivative heroin), thebaine, codeine, papaverine and noscapine. The
Latin botanical name means the "sleep-bringing poppy", referring to
the sedative properties of some of these opiates.

b) Morphine – is a  potent opiate analgesic drug that is used to relieve

severe pain. It was first isolated in 1804 by Friedrich Serturner, first
distributed by him in 1817, and first commercially sold by Merck in
1827.

- It took its name from the Greek god of dreams Morpheus. 

-The most abundant alkaloid found in Opium, the dried sap (latex)

derived from shallowly slicing the unripe seedpods of the opium, or
common and/or edible, poppy.
 
Morphine can usually be found in tablet form, a syrup,
injection or as a suppository form.
 
- Morphine is usually taken orally via a syrup, tablet or
capsule, however, it can come in an injectable form.

C) Heroin – is processed from morphine, a naturally

occurring substance extracted from the seed pod of certain
varieties of poppy plants.

It is typically sold as a white or brownish powder or as the

black sticky substance known on the streets as "black tar
heroin”.
3) Hallucinogens
- Drugs that are derived from plants chemical substances which
affects the perception, sensation, behavior and produces
hallucination on the user.

Marijuana - is the term used to describe all the plant material like
leaves, tops, stems, flowers and roots from a cannabis plant (Cannabis
sativa), dried and prepared for smoking or taken orally as “brownies”.

-The mind altering component is the tetrahydrocannabinol; THC for

short, which is concentrated in the resin.

4) Depressants/Sedatives
- Drugs that have mild-calming or sleep-producing effect upon the
central nervous system.
- e.g. Valium
5) Inhalants -  drugs whose volatile vapors are taken in via
the nose and trachea.

- includes solvents, bases and aerosol, rugby, gasoline, hair

spray, lighter fluid and air freshener

6) Opiates/Narcotics

Opiates, sometimes called narcotics, are a group of drugs

that are used medically to relieve pain, but have a high
potential for abuse. Some opiates come from a resin taken
from the seedpod of the Asian poppy. Opiates that are
commonly abused are Opium, Morphine, Codeine, and
synthesized or manufactured opiates.
Opium - refers to the coagulated juice of the opium poppy (Papaver
Somniferum L.) and embraces every kind, class and character of
opium, whether crude or prepared; the ashes or refuse of the same.

OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or commonly known

as "Ecstasy", "X-TC", "Adam", "Eden Tablet", or by its any other name
- refers to the drug having such chemical composition, including any
of its isomers or derivatives in any form;

Sedatives - Sedative-hypnotics such as tranquilizers, sleeping pills,

and sedatives are drugs, which depress or slow down body functions.
These drugs ca be dangerous when not taken according to physician's
instructions.
Ketamine - is an anesthetic that is abused for its
hallucinogenic properties. Its predominant legitimate use is
as a veterinary anesthetic.

-can cause dream-like states and hallucinations.

 
Amphetamines
– Drug that is stimulant to the central nervous system. It is
colorless and maybe inhaled, injected or swallowed. It may
be used medically to treat depression, and obesity.
 

 
 
ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
 
1) Oral Ingestion
- Taken by the mouth and must pass through the stomach before
being absorbed in the bloodstream.
 
2) Inhalation
- Drug in gaseous from enters the lungs and is quickly absorbed by the
capillary system.
 
3) Injection
- Administered into the body by the use of a stringe or
hypodhermic needle.
 
4) Snorting
- Inhalation through the nose of drugs in gaseous form.
 
5) Buccal
- Drugs is administered by placing it in the buccal cavity
just under the lips.

DEFINITION OF TERMS
 
DRUG
–Any substance that enters the human body and can
change either the function or structure of the human
organism.
 
MEDICINES
– Drugs used in the diagnosis, cure, treatment, and prevention of
disease or for the relief of pain or discomfort.
 
THREAPEUTICS
-Use of drugs in treating and preventing disease and in preserving
health.

DRUG ABUSE
-Deliberate or unintentional continuous of mind changing chemical
substances usually for reasons other than legitimate medical
purposes, that results in any degree of physical, mental.
 
ABSTINENCE
- Cessation of use of a psycho-active substance previously abused, or
on which the user developed drug dependence.
DRUG DEPENDENCE
-Term relates to physical or psychological dependence or
both.
- Impaired control over drug-taking behavior is implied.
 
DRUG ADDICT
- Person who is physically dependent on one or more
psycho-active substances, or whose long term use has
produce tolerance, who has lost control over his intake, and
would manifest withdrawal symptoms if discontinuance
were to occur.
DRUG ADDICTION
-A chronic disorder characterized by the compulsive use of a
substance resulting in physical, psychological, or social harm
to the user and continued use despite of that harm.
OVERDOSE
- The inadvertent of deliberate consumption of much larger doses that
the habitually used by the individual in question and resulting in serious
toxic reaction or death.
POLY DRUG ABUSE
- Use of two or more psycho-active substance in quantities and with
frequencies that cause the individual significant physiological,
psychological, or sociological distress or impairment.
REHABILITATION
-Restoration of an optimum state of health by medical, physical,
psychological, social and peer group support for a chemically dependent
person and his significant others.
TOLERANCE
-Physiological adaptation to the effects of drugs so as diminish the
effects with constant dosages or to maintain the intensity and duration
of effects through increased dosage.
 
TREATMENT
-Application of planned procedures to identify and change
patterns of behavior that are mal-adoptive, destructive,
health injuring or to restore appropriate levels of physical,
psychological or social functioning.

CLANDESTINE LABORATORY
-Any facility used for the illegal manufacture of any
dangerous drug.
 
CULTIVATE OR CULTURE
-Any act of knowingly planting, growing, raising, or
permitting the planting, growing or raising of any plant
which is source of a dangerous drug.
 
ADMINISTER
-Any act of introducing any dangerous drug into the body of any
person, with or without his/her knowledge, by injection, inhalation,
ingestion or other means.
 
CHEMICAL DIVERSION
-Sale, distribution, supply or transport of legitimately imported, in
transit, manufactured or procured controlled precursors and essential
chemicals.

DELIVER
-Any act of knowingly passing a dangerous drug to another, personally
or otherwise, and by any means, with or without consideration.
 
DEN, DIVE, RESORT
-Place where any dangerous drug and essential chemical is
administered, delivered, stored for illegal purposes.
DRUG SYNDICATE
-Any organized group of two or more persons forming or
joining together with the intention of committing any
offense prescribed in RA 9165.
 
PRACTITIONER
-Any person who is a licensed physician, dentist, chemist,
medical technologist, nurse, midwife, veterinarian or
pharmacist in the Philippines.
 
ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING
-Illegal cultivation, culture, delivery, administration,
dispensation, manufacture, sale trading, transportation,
distribution, importation, exportation and possession of any
dangerous drugs.
PLANTING OF EVIDENCE
-Willful act by any person of maliciously and surreptitiously inserting,
placing, adding or attaching directly or indirectly, through any overt or
covert act any dangerous drugs in the person, house, effects or in the
immediate vicinity of an innocent individual for the purpose of
implicating, incriminating or imputing the commission of any violation
of RA 9165.

 
PUSHER
-Any person who sells, trades, administers, dispense, delivers or gives
away to another, distributes, dispatches in transit or transports
dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker.
 
USE
-Any act of injecting, intravenously or intramuscularly, of consuming
any dangerous drugs.
CONFINEMENT
- Refers to the residential treatment and rehabilitation of
trainees, clients and patients in a center.
 
CONFIRMATORY TEST
- An analytical test using a device, tool or equipment with
different chemical or physical principle that is more specific
which will validate and confirm the result of the screening test.

CONTROLLED DELIVERY
-The investigative technique of allowing an unlawful
consignment of any dangerous drug, essential chemical to pass
into, through out of the country under the supervision of an
authorized officer, with a view to gathering evidence to identify
any person involved in any dangerous drug related offense.
 
DISPENSE
-Any act of giving away, selling or distributing medicine or any dangerous
drug with or without the use of prescription.

DRUG DEPENDENT
-Refers to a person suffering from drug dependence.
 
FINANCIER
- Any person who pays for, raises or supplies money for, or underwrites
any of the illegal activities prescribed under RA 9165.

INSTRUMENT
- Anything that is used or intended to be used, in any manner, in the
commission of illegal drug trafficking or related offenses.
 
LABORATORY
-Refers to the facility of a private or government agency that is capable of
testing a specimen to determine the presence of dangerous drugs
PROTECTOR/CODDLER
- Any person who knowingly and willfully consents to the unlawful
acts provided in RA 9165 and uses his/her influence, power or
position in shielding, harboring, screening or facilitating the escape
of any person he/she knows or has reasonable grounds to believe
on or suspects, has violated the provisions of RA 9165 in order to
prevent the arrest, prosecution and conviction of the violator.

SCREENING TEST
-A rapid test performed to establish potential/presumptive positive
result.
 
TRADING
-Transactions involving the illegal trafficking of dangerous drugs
and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals using
electronic devices, or acting as a broker in any such transactions
whether for money or any other consideration.
-CANU was renamed as AFP NARCOM on February 1, 1983
 
-AFP NARCOM functions were absorbed by PNP Narcotics
Group in 1991
 
-PDEA was created upon enactment of RA 9165 in 2002
Signed June 7, 2002
Published June 19, 2002
Took effect July 4, 2002
 
-Creation of The new Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) as the
policy and strategy formulating body.
 
-The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) as its
implementing arm.
DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (DDB)
 
-Created by virtue of Republic Act 6425 otherwise known
as Dangerous Drug Act of 1972 subsequently repealed by
RA 9165.
 
-the policy-making & strategy-formulating body in the
planning & formulation of policies & programs on drug
prevention & control.
 
-It shall develop and adopt a comprehensive, integrated,
unified and balanced national drug abuse prevention and
control strategy.

DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (DDB)

 
-DDB composed of 17 members wherein 3 of which are
permanent members, the other 12 members are ex- officio
capacity and 2 regular members.

THREE (3) PERMANENT MEMBERS

 
- At least 7 years of training and experience in the field of
the ff: fields in law, medicine, criminology, psychology or
social work.
TWO (2
DRUG MULES or “DRUG COURIERS”

-Are individuals who transport dangerous drugs in exchange

for a huge amount of money, depending on the amount of
drugs to be delivered and the route/distance to be traveled.

- Women are usually targeted by syndicates since they

generally generate mild suspicion from authorities and the
female body has more cavities possible to insert the drugs
in, therefore posing less detection risk.
The Task Force is composed of 13 agencies, chaired by the
Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency and co-chaired by the
Department of Foreign Affairs with the following agencies as
members
1. Bureau of Customs
2. Bureau of Immigration
3. Commission on Higher Education
4. Department of Justice
5. Department of Labor and Employment
6. Manila International Airport Authority
7. National Bureau of Investigation
8. Philippine Information Agency
9. Philippine National Police – Aviation Security Group
10. Tourism Infrastructure and Enterprise Zone Authority (formerly
Philippine Tourism Authority)
11. Office of the President thru the Office of the Executive
Secretary
MODUS OPERANDI (MO)

Couriers are usually recruited by casual acquaintances they

meet in key cities here or abroad, mostly fellow Filipinos
connected to drug syndicates like the African Drug
Syndicate (ADS), offering plane tickets, hotel
accommodation and huge amounts of money.
 
In some instances, members of syndicates befriend/marry
potential recruit then later turn him/her into a courier or
cohort. On the other hand, unwitting victims were duped by
acquaintances into carrying packages in exchange for
money, not knowing that drugs were placed inside.
National Anti-Drug Strategy & 4 Pillars of Anti-Drug
Campaign
 
THE FOUR PILLARS OF ANTI-DRUG CAMPAIGN
 
1. Drug Supply Reduction Drive
Reduce the supply of drugs
Drive the prices high and create acute shortage of drugs
Neutralize sources of drugs
 
2. Drug Demand Reduction Drive
Reduce the demand side of the drug chain
Concentrates on anti-drug advocacy efforts – public
information and treatment and rehabilitation
Targets non-users, casual drug users and addicts/recovering
persons
3. Alternative Development/Reform Programs
Development/livelihood program
Education program
Family solidarity/development program
Good governance program
Legal reforms
 
4. International Cooperation
Neutralize transnational drug syndicates
Minimize drug trafficking to and from the country
Exchange of information and technologies
Multilateral, regional, sub-regional and bilateral assistance
and cooperation
 
Dangerous Drug Test Requirements
The following shall undergo mandatory drug testing:
1. applicants for drivers license
2. applicants for Firearms license & PTCFOR
3. members of the PNP, AFP, & other LEA
4. All persons charged with criminal offense with penalty of
not less than 6 years.
5. All candidates for public office national/ local
 
The following shall undergo random drug testing:
1.students of secondary and tertiary schools;

2. officers and employees of public & private offices.

VICES

Vice – is any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of

which leads to depravity, wickedness and corruption of the
minds and the body.
 
Different Forms of Vices:
1) Drug addiction
2) Alcoholism
3) Prostitution
4) Gambling

ALCOHOLIC
-A person who has experienced physical, psychological, social
or occupational impairment as consequence of habitual,
excessive consumption of alcohol.
ALCOHOL ABUSE
-Use of ethyl alcohol or liquor in a quantity and with a
frequency that causes the individual significant physiological,
psychological, or sociological distress or impairment.
 
ALCOHOLIC DEPENDENCE
-A chronic lost of control over the consumption of alcoholic
beverages despite obvious psychological or physical harm to
the person. Increasing amount are required overtime and
abrupt discontinuance may precipitate a withdrawal
symptoms.
 
ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR
-Any beverages or compound, whether distilled, fermented, or
otherwise, which will produce intoxication or which contains in
excess of one percent of alcohol and used as a beverage.
DRUNKARD
- A person who habitually takes or use any intoxicating
alcohol liquor and while under the influence of such, or in
consequence of the effect thereof, is either dangerous to
himself or to others.

ALCOHOLISM – which is also known as “Alcohol

Dependence Syndrome” is a disease characterized by the
following:
a) Craving – strong need or compulsion to drink
b) Loss of Control – frequent inability to stop drinking once
a person has begun to drink.
c) Physical Dependence – The occurrence of withdrawal
symptoms, such as shakiness and anxiety when alcohol use
is stopped.
SOME PROBLEMS ARISING FROM ALCOHOLISM
a) Loss of employment which can lead to financial problems;
b) Marital Conflict and contribute to domestic violence;
c) Drinking at inappropriate times and behavior can lead to
legal consequences, such as public disorder (Alarm and
Scandal).
 
DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME
-In the Philippines, drunkenness in itself is not a crime because a
person may drink to excess in the privacy of his home or in the
party and commit no crime at all.
 
-It is only when a drunken person exhibits his condition publicly,
or disturbs, endangers, or injured others, that he became an
offender and therefore, subject to arrest and punishment.