SEMESTER II

BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS

Session
Session 10-11
10-11 Sessions
Sessions13-15
13-15
Survey Research – Data Collection Session
Session 16
16
Scales
Scales & Measurement––Attitude
& Measurement Attitude Survey Research – Data Collection
Methods Data Preparation
Measurement-
Measurement- ComparativeVVNon-
Comparative Non- MethodsQuestionnaire
QuestionnaireDesign.
Design. Data Preparation
Qualitative
Qualitative V QuantitativeMethods
V Quantitative Coding,
Coding,Outliers,
Outliers,
comparative scales
comparative scales Methods
Observation,
Observation,Indepth
IndepthInterviews,
Interviews, Missing Values
Missing Values
Reliability
Reliability&&Validity
ValidityTests
Tests Projective
ProjectiveTechniques
Techniques(Guest
(Guest
Sessions from industry experts) Mid
Sessions Sessions from industry experts) Mid
Sessions99 Sem
Sem
Case
CaseAnalysis
Analysis––CEC
CEC22
SPSS
SPSS
Session
Session 17-22
17-22
Sessions
Sessions 88 Multivariate
MultivariateTechniques
Techniques––
SPSS
SPSSLab Introduction
Lab IntroductionMultiple
Multiple
Analysis
Analysis&&Interpretation
Interpretationofof Regression,
Regression, SPSSLab
SPSS Lab
output
output- -ANOVA
ANOVA STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE Analysis & Interpretation
Analysis & Interpretation
Business Numericals
NumericalsCase
CaseAnalysis
BusinessResearch
Research Analysis

Sessions 4– 7 Methods
Methods
Sessions 4– 7 Session
Semester Session 23-26
23-26CEC
CEC-IV
SemesterIIII
CEC 1 Case Analysis
CEC 1 Case Analysis -IV
Assignment of Group Projects Multivariate
Multivariate Techniques––
Techniques
Assignment of Group Projects
Research Design – Experimental Design ,
Research Design – Experimental Design ,
Interdependence
InterdependenceTechniques
Techniques
Validity Types - Pre , Quazi, True &
Validity Types - Pre , Quazi, True & Factor
Factor Analysis - SPSSLab
Analysis - SPSS Lab
Statistical- ANOVA- Randomized, Block, Analysis & Interpretation
Statistical- ANOVA- Randomized, Block, Analysis & Interpretation
Latin Square & Factorial (SPSS )
Latin Square & Factorial (SPSS ) Numericals
NumericalsCase
CaseAnalysis
Analysis

Session
Session 27--28
27--28
Session
Session11-3-3 Presentations
Introduction Presentations- -Projects
Projects
IntroductiontotoResearch-
Research-Meaning
Meaning
&&Definition, Significance, Overview
Definition, Significance, Overview
ofofMethodology Session
Session 29
Methodology. .Categories
Categoriesofof 29
Session Other Multivariate
Research,
Research,Research
ResearchTypes
Types&& Session30
30IBS Other Multivariate 2
Process Report Writing Techniques
Techniques
Process Report Writing
Stages of the Research Process- The First Stage
Management
Dilemma
Defining Research
Problem
Research
Formulating Report
Research
Hypothesis

Data analysis
Developing Research & interpretation
Proposal

Research Data Refining

framework -Design And Preparation

07/08/20 Data Collection 3

 Session Plan
• The First Stage of Research Process
• Two Schools of Thought
– Deductive
– Inductive
• Defining Research Problem (Simple/complex)
• Problem Identification Process
• Components of a well defined problem
• Unit of Analysis
• Research Variables
• Statement of Research Objectives

07/08/20 IBS 4
07/08/20 IBS 5
 Theory can be depicted as
something that precedes
research (as in quantitative
research) or as something that
emerges out of it (as in
07/08/20
qualitative research).
IBS 6
 The Process of Deduction

07/08/20 IBS 7
 The Process of Induction
 

07/08/20 IBS 8
 Deductive Thought –An
Illustration
• All well-executed projects have well
intergrated teams. (Reason 1)
• The ABC project has many shortfalls.
(Reason 2 )
• The ABC project team is not a very
cohesive and integrated team.
(Inference)

07/08/20 IBS 9
 Inductive Thought –An
Illustration
• What is the reason for ABC project not
executed on time?
• The probable result could be lack of
coordination in team….

07/08/20 IBS 10
 Defining Research Problem
• A gap or uncertainty which hampers the
process of decision making in existing body
of knowledge
• A large part of problem lies in knowing what
one is trying to do
– Simple & Complex problem
• Simple problem: cigarette smoking & lung
cancer (cause /effect)
• Complex problem: Interrelationships and
intervening variables

07/08/20 11
IBS
 Defining Research Problem

Action Oriented
Narrowing Down
broad objectives
to enable arrive
at meaningful
conclusion

07/08/20 12
IBS
Problem Identification Process

07/08/20 IBS 13
 Management Decision
Problem
• Self Analysis V Outsource
• Cost Benefit Analysis

07/08/20 IBS 14
 Discussion with subject
experts
• Knowledgeable
• Within & outside organisation
• To gain clarity on problem area
– For launching of organic food , researcher
might go to food experts in the Ministry of
Food & Agriculture

07/08/20 IBS 15
 Review of existing literature

– Comprehensive compilation of information from

published and unpublished sources of related data
• Different perspectives to investigate problem
• Narrowing the scope of study to relevant
significant and testable
• Post collection of data, logical collation should be
done by the researcher

07/08/20 IBS 16
 Organizational Analysis
• Data on origin/history of the firm
• Background
• Assets
• Nature of business

– ( not required in basic research)

07/08/20 IBS 17
 Qualitative Survey
– Exploratory
• Focus Group Discussions
• Pilot Surveys
– May help to get an insight into behavioural
or perceptual aspects of the problem

07/08/20 IBS 18
Components of a Well-defined
Problem
• Unit of Analysis :
– From whom research information is to be
collected
– On whom the research results are
applicable

07/08/20 IBS 19
Components of a Well-defined
Problem
• Research Variables:
– Dichotomous Variables (Two values
Male/Female)
– Continuous Variables (fit into prescribed
categories)

07/08/20 IBS 20
 Categories of Research
Variables

07/08/20 IBS 21
 Categories of Research
Variables

07/08/20 IBS 22
 From the text….
• Flexitime in an organization and
productivity of employees (IV & DV)
• Especially among female employees
(MV)
• Flexi time ->Increase in Job Satisfaction
(IVV)-> Increase in productivity (DV)–
Amongst the female employees (MV)
under tyrranical leader (EV)
07/08/20 IBS 23
 Model Building
• To study turnover intention of employees
in an organization
• TI = f(WE,OC,A,MS,TWE)
– Work Exhaustion
– Organizational commitment
– Age
– Marital Status
– Total Work Experience

07/08/20 IBS 24
 Model Building
• In turn WE may be dependent on many
factors like Job Autonomy, Work family
conflict, reward

07/08/20 IBS 25
 Statement of Research
Objective
• To find out/to study/to determine…..
• To study existing organic market
(Categorizaion of products, existing players)
– Consumer diagnostic research
(Awareness,perceptions)
– Opinion survey (Experts)
– Retail Market (Gap between demand/supply)

07/08/20 IBS 26
 Recap……
• The First Stage of Research Process
• Two Schools of Thought
– Deductive
– Inductive
• Defining Research Problem (Simple/complex)
• Problem Identification Process
• Components of a well defined problem
• Unit of Analysis
• Research Variables
• Statement of Research Objectives

07/08/20 IBS 27
 References
• 1. Business Research Methods :
Zikmund
• 2. Business Research Methods : Cooper
& Schindler
• 3.Research Methodology : Sondhi &
Chawla
• 4.Research Methods for Business : Uma
Sekharan
• 5.Research Methodology: C R Kothari
07/08/20 IBS 28