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Session Session
Session 29-30
Session11-4-4 CEC 5
29-30
Introduction
IntroductiontotoResearch-
Research-Meaning
Meaning CEC 5
&&Definition, Significance, Overview Presentations
Presentations- -Projects
Projects
Definition, Significance, Overview
ofofMethodology
Methodology. .Categories
Categoriesofof Session
Research, Session 31-32
31-32
Research,Research
ResearchTypes
Types, , Session
Session33
33IBS
Other Multivariate
Other Multivariate 2
Process
Process- -Identification
IdentificationofofProblem
Problem Report Writing Techniques
Report Writing Techniques
Stages of the Research Process- The Second Stage
Management
Dilemma
Defining Research
Problem
Research
Formulating Report
Research
Hypothesis
Data analysis
Developing Research & interpretation
Proposal
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• Problem identification and formulation
process culminates in the hypothesis
formulation
• Any assumption that the researcher
makes on the probable direction of the
results that might be obtained on
completion of the research process is
hypothesis
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Hypothesis & Research
Problem
• Research problem usually takes
question form while hypothesis always
takes a declarative form.
• Statements can be put to empirical study
• Hypothesis is written in such a way that
it can be proven or disproven by valid
and reliable data.
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IBS
Criteria for Designing
Hypothesis
• Simple, clear , declarative form
• Should not be too broad
• Unidimesional ( One relationship at a time)
• Measurable and quantifiable to enable
statistical authenticity
• Conjectual statement based on existing
literature/theories and not on subjective
judgment
• It could be put to different statistical tests for
validity.
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Hypothesis- Two Types
1. Descriptive – A statement about magnitude, trend or
behaviour of population under study.
•Eg - Students from Science background score 90-
95% in Quantitative Methods
– The current advertisement for diet drink will have
20-25% recall rate
2. Relational – Expected relationship between two
variables.
Eg - Increase in promotional expenses lead to
increase in sales
– Higher likeability of advertisement leads to higher
recall rate
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Relational Hypothesis
Directional – One tailed hypothesis involves
use of words increase, decrease –
Non Directional – Two tailed hypothesis
Significant difference between girls’ and
boys’performance in the Semester I exam
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Hypothesis in Statistical Form
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Recap……
• The Second Stage of Research Process
07/08/20 IBS 11
References
• 1. Business Research Methods :
Zikmund
• 2. Business Research Methods :
Cooper & Schindler
• 3.Research Methodology : Sondhi &
Chawla
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