EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN

By,
Mrs. Dhanashri M. Biradar
Assistant Professor
Electronics & Telecommunication Department
Sharad Institute of Technology College of
Engineering, Yadrav Ichalkaranji
Objectives:
 To explain the embedded system design
issues.
 To learn real time operating system
concepts.
 To understand the Embedded Linux
environment.
 To learn embedded software development
and testing process
Course Outcomes:
 Suggest design approach using advanced
controllers to real-life situations.
 Design interfacing of the systems with other
data handling / processing systems.
 Appreciate engineering constraints like
energy dissipation, data exchange speeds etc.
 Get to know the hardware – software co
design issues and testing methodology for
embedded system
Text/Reference Books
 J.W. Valvano, "Embedded Microcomputer System:
Real Time Interfacing", Brooks/Cole, 2000.
 Jack Ganssle, "The Art of Designing Embedded
Systems", Newness, 1999.
 V.K. Madisetti, "VLSI Digital Signal Processing",
IEEE Press (NY, USA), 1995.
 David Simon, "An Embedded Software Primer",
Addison Wesley, 2000.
 K.J. Ayala, "The 8051 Microcontroller: Architecture,
Programming, and Applications", Penram Intl, 1996
Introduction:
 We can broadly define an embedded system
as a microcontroller-based, software-driven,
reliable, real-time control system, designed
to perform a specific task.
 It can be thought of as a computer hardware
system having software embedded in it. 
 An embedded system can be either an
independent system or a part of a large
system.
Prerequisites:

 Before proceeding with this subject in detail

you should have a good understanding of the
concepts of basic electronics such as
circuits, logic gates, microcontroller ,etc.
Microcontroller Overview:

 A microcomputer made on a single

semiconductor chip is called single-chip
microcomputer.
 Since, single chip microcomputers are generally
used in control applications, they are also
called microcontrollers.
 Microcontroller contains all essential components
of a microcomputer such as CPU, RAM,
ROM/EPROM, I/O lines etc.
 Some single chip microcontrollers contain
devices to perform specific functions such as
DMA channels, A/D converter, serial port, pulse
width modulation, etc.
Microcontroller in Embedded
System
 When developing an embedded system, one
of the options is to base the computational
hardware around a microcontroller, MCU
rather than a microprocessor, MPU.
 Both approaches have their attractions, but
generally they will be found in different
applications. Typically the microcontroller,
MCU, is found in applications where size, low
power and low cost are key requirements.
 The MCU, microcontroller is different to a
microprocessor in that it contains more
elements of the overall processing engine
within the one chip.
 Bringing most of the processing engine
components onto a single chip reduces size
and cost.
Microcontroller Basics :
 Microcontrollers comprise the main elements of
a small computer system on a single chip.
 They contain the memory, and IO as well as the
CPU one the same chip.
 This considerably reduces the size, making
them ideal for small embedded systems, but
means that there are compromises in terms of
performance and flexibility.
 As microcontrollers are often intended for low
power and low processing applications.
Microcontroller Advantages & Disadvantages :

 ADVANTAGES:
 Lower cost because many elements of the
processor are contained within the one chip
resulting in lower chip cost and board cost.
 Lower power consumption.
 Integrating all components onto one chip
enables processor to be optimised for a given
application.
DISADVANTAGES:
 Less flexibility because all components are
integrated into the one chip.
 Limited performance because the size of
memory is limited by what can be
accommodated on the chip.
 MCUs tend to be application specific so the
choice may be limited.
System:
 A system is an arrangement in which all its unit
assemble work together according to a set of
rules.
 It can also be defined as a way of working,
organizing or doing one or many tasks according
to a fixed plan.
 For example, a watch is a time displaying
system. Its components follow a set of rules to
show time. If one of its parts fails, the watch will
stop working. So we can say, in a system, all its
subcomponents depend on each other.
Embedded Systems:
 Any electronic system that can process
data for a special application is an
embedded system.
 Robots, Industrial automation, and your
smart televisions are all embedded
systems.
 We are going to learn a little something
about designing an embedded system
Embedded System:
 As its name suggests, Embedded means
something that is attached to another thing.
 An embedded system can be thought of as a
computer hardware system having software
embedded in it.
 An embedded system can be an independent
system or it can be a part of a large system.
 An embedded system is a microcontroller or
microprocessor based system which is designed
to perform a specific task.