THE

CONTEMPORARY
WORLD
Unit 1
Lesson #1
Introduction to Globalization

Malcolm A. Sanchez
Nursing 1F
MTWThFS, 1:30PM – 3:00PM
 What is Globalization?
 Globalization can be described as a process by which the people
of the world are unified into a single
society and function together. This
fast-growing interconnectedness process
is a combination of economic,
technological, sociocultural and political
forces occurring across national borders
and cultures.
 Globalization involves:
 A stretching of social, political, and economic activities across
political frontiers.
 A growing magnitude of interconnectedness in almost every
sphere of social existence.
 An accelerating pace of global interactions and processes
associated with a deepening enmeshment of the local and the
global.
 Multidimensional Globalization
Globalization occurs on multiple and intersecting dimensions of
integration called “scapes”
• ETHNOSCAPE – global movement of people
• MEDIASCAPE – the flow of the global culture as presented
through, or perceived by, the mass media
• TECHNOSCAPE – movement of technology (mechanical and
informational) and the ability to move such technology at
rapid speeds
• FINANCESCAPE – global circulation of money
• IDEOSCAPE – realm where political ideas move around
 Effects of Globalization
 Industrial - emergence of worldwide
production markets and broader access
to a range of foreign products for
consumers and companies; particularly,
movement of material and goods
between and within national boundaries
 Financial - emergence of worldwide
financial markets and better access to
external financing for borrowers;
emergence of under or un-regulated
foreign exchange and speculative
markets
 Economic - realization of a global
common market, based on the freedom
of exchange of goods and capital.
Effects of Globalization

 Political - some use

"globalization" to mean the
creation of a world government,
or cartels of governments (e.g.
WTO, World Bank, and IMF)
which regulate the relationships
among governments and
guarantees the rights arising
from social and economic
globalization
 Effects of Globalization
 Legal/Ethical
 the creation of the international criminal court and
international justice movements;
 Crime importation and raising awareness of global
crime-fighting efforts and cooperation
 Language - the most popular language is English
 About 75% of the world's mail, telexes, and cables
are in English;
 Approximately 60% of the
world's radio programs are
in English
 About 90% of all Internet
traffic is using English.
 Effects of Globalization
 Competition - survival in the new global business market
calls for improved productivity and increased competition.
Many industries around the world do the same thing, so
industries have to upgrade their products and use
technology skillfully to compete.
 Cultural - growth of cross-cultural contacts; the desire to
increase one's standard of living and enjoy foreign products
and ideas, adopt new technology and practices, and
participate in a "world culture“; Some dislike the resulting
consumerism and loss of languages.
 Effects of Globalization
 Ecological
 Global environmental challenges such as over-population,
climate change, cross-boundary
water, air pollution, over-fishing of
the ocean & spread of invasive
species, among others can and may
be solved with international
cooperation
 Factories are built in developing
countries with less environmental regulation which may
increase pollution
 Pro-globalization people argue that economic development
historically required a "dirty" industrial stage before progress is
made, and it is argued that developing countries should not,
via regulation, be prohibited from increasing their standard of
living
 Effects of Globalization
 Social (International cultural exchange)
 increased circulation by people of
all nations with fewer restrictions
 spread of multiculturalism & better
individual access to cultural diversity
through media
 Greater international travel and
tourism
 Greater immigration, including illegal
immigration
 Spread of local consumer products (e.g.
food) to other countries
 Worldwide fads and pop culture, i.e.
Tiktok, Facebook, YouTube, Netflix;
 Worldwide sporting events such as FIFA
World Cup and the Olympic Games.
Effects of Globalization
 Technical
 development of a global telecommunications
infrastructure & greater data flow even into the
world’s most remote areas
 Mobile Phones
 Internet: creation and proliferation of information via
the internet & world wide web
 Communication satellites: broadcast information
through space around the planet nearly simultaneously
allowing for communications almost everywhere on
earth.
 Television: information from around the world can be
seen anywhere in the world
 Submarine fiber optic cable
 Increase in the number of standards applied globally;
e.g. copyright laws, patents and world trade
agreements.
 All of these effects
work together to
create globalization –
the integration of the
world’s countries into
one world economy
– where every
country depends on
others to be healthy
and viable.