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VAIKALPA

PRE -
PRODUCTION

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PROCE
SS

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ASSISTANT
DIRECTORS
The first assistant director (AD) is the director’s right hand. First ADs plan the filming
schedule, working with the director, director of photography and other heads of
department to ensure an efficient shoot.
In pre-production, they break down the script, analyzing it for what will be needed in
terms of cast, locations, equipment and crew. They lead recces, going off to locations to
assess their suitability for filming.

Then they input the scripts into Movie Magic software, which helps them work out what
to film and when, depending on the availability of cast and locations. They write the
shooting schedule and work out how long each scene will take to film.
During filming first ADs manage the set, which leaves the directors free to focus on the
actors and framing the shots

PRE PRODUCTION

- Auditions and Casting


- Making call sheets
- Scheduling assessments
- Location scouting
- Also mostly is in resonance with every department in time of pre-production

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WRITER
Screenwriters write and develop screenplays for film. They do this either based on
an original idea, by adapting an existing story into a screenplay or by joining an
existing project (TV).
Screenwriters prepare their script in a way that enables readers to envisage the
setting, emotion and the way it will work on screen. They collaborate
with producers, directors and actors to draft and redraft their script, often working
to tight deadlines.

Screenwriters are almost always freelancers. In film, initially, screenwriters develop


roughly three drafts of a screenplay, with the third being known as ‘the polish’. This
is the version that gets pitched to a producer or film studio. Alternatively, a
screenwriter may be commissioned by a producer or studio to create a screenplay.

Once a screenplay is picked up by a studio, more screenwriters may be brought in


to work with a development producer to get it ready for production. In this case,
any new screenwriter may share a credit with the original screenwriter, or they may
be credited for additional dialogue, or as a story consultant. In some cases, the
original screenwriter may be replaced entirely by another screenwriter.

PRE PRODUCTION

- Auditions and Casting


- Making call sheets
- Scheduling assessments
- Location scouting
- Also mostly is in resonance with every department in time of pre-production

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DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Directors of photography are responsible for the photographic heart of a production.

They read the screenplay and work closely with the director to discuss the look and feel
of a film. They then research how to create the look through lighting, framing and
camera movement and what they will need in terms of kit and crew to achieve this.

On each day of filming, DoPs and their camera crews arrive early to set up and rehearse.
Working with the director, the DoPs do blocking (decide the exact movements of both
actors and camera). They discuss any special camera moves or lighting requirements
with the camera operator, gaffer and grip. Each shot is marked up for focus and framing
by the focus puller and then the DoP oversees the lighting of the set for the first take.

It’s the job of DoPs to make sure every shot is usable and flag them when they’re not.
They view the rushes (raw footage) with the director and work closely with the colourist
in post-production. On smaller productions they shoot as well.

PRE PRODUCTION

- Shot lists
- Color palette
- Equipment
- Technical scouting

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EXECUTIVE
PRODUCER
Line producers are at the heart of a production, hiring the crew, allocating the money
and making sure the filming is done safely, creatively, on budget and on time. They are
typically the most senior member of the production team, second only to the
producers.

Working closely with heads of departments, they decide how the money gets spent,
delivering the best possible product to the producer or series producer while offering
the director and heads of department enough money to realize the vision.

Line producers are ultimately responsible for all the crew and all the contracts. They
hire crew, heads of department, caterers and studio facilities, over-seeing all the deals
and paperwork. They understand the artistry of film-making, foresee pitfalls and
disasters and never let the spend extend beyond the bottom line.

During production, line producers keep track of the budget and the filming process.
They are on set and in the office, dealing with the unexpected and helping find
creative solutions. At the end of the shoot, they oversee the wrap, or winding down,
of the production and hand over to the post-production supervisor.

PRE PRODUCTION

- Accounts and budgeting


- Locations managing
- Scheduling assessments
- Pre costings
- Also mostly is in resonance with every department in time of film.

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PRODUCTION
DESIGNER
Production designers create the way a film looks. Films can be set in
any number of places; a Victorian orphanage, a Caribbean cruise
ship, or another planet, for example. They work with all the other
visual departments, costume, lighting, visual and special effects, and
graphic design. They help create the visual world in which the story is
set.

Production designers start with the script. Researching and


collaborating with the director, director of photography and other
heads of department, they imagine the screenplay visually. They draw
sketches showing mood, atmosphere, lighting, composition, colour
and texture, which are given to the art director to develop.

Then they work with other art department members to draw up a


budget. They prioritise the work schedule and allocate the
management of finances to team members performing different
tasks. They are usually freelancers.

PRE PRODUCTION

- Storyboarding
- Pre-visualisation
- Colour themes
- Environment design
- Also mostly is in resonance with every department in time of pre-
production like costume, Dop, AD’s etc creative dept’s.
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COSTUME
DESIGNER
Costume is at the core of a film. As well as contributing to the look, it helps actors feel
emotionally connected to the character they are playing through wearing the character’s
clothes.

Costume designers design, create and hire the costumes for the cast. They start by working
with directors, producers, writers, the production designer and hair and makeup designer
to contribute to the look and storytelling of the production. They research, sketch and draw
mood boards of characters and clothes to communicate the style.

They then break down the script, working out what they need to create or hire. Working
within tight budgets and deadlines, they recruit a team, organise a schedule of purchases
and ensure the costumes are created on time for fittings. With the help of the team they
schedule fittings and take photographs. These are then discussed with the producer and
director and signed off.

Once shooting starts, they are always on set whenever there are new actors or new looks

PRE PRODUCTION

- Character related visualizations


- Colour themes
- Rough material preparations
- Working with storyboarding
- Also mostly is in resonance with creative department in time of pre-production

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MUSIC
DIRECTOR
Music editors intensify the emotional impact of a film by creating the soundtrack. They
contribute mood, atmosphere and the occasional catchy theme tune.

They usually start work while the film is being edited. They work with the director to
decide on the purpose of the music, find a style to suit the story and mark the points in
the film where music is required (spotting). Then they develop the temp (temporary)
score.

Music editors then work closely with a composer, who is usually appointed by the
director, and who composes the music using the temp score as a template. The temp
score is also used by the film editors to achieve the right tempo with the cut. Music
editors often act as a bridge between the sound and picture teams.

They attend all recording sessions, helping with any revisions and design a 'click track'
which is used to help the musicians achieve synchronisation with the movie. Working
with a specialist music mixer, they create different mixes, lay down the tracks and fit
them exactly to the picture, ready for the final mix or dub.

PRE PRODUCTION

- Themes
- Character related backgrounds
- Screenplay related music development
- Technical scouting.

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