Chemical Nomenclature

Covered in class: 11/25

Chemical Nomenclature

● A set of rules used to

systematically name chemicals
● Fancy way to say naming...
Binary Ionic Compound Naming

● Binary Ionic Compound: Two elements

● Name the Metal (cation) first.
● Name the Non-Metal (anion) second and
change the ending to -ide.
 Ionic Compound Naming Examples

Al₂O₃ Aluminum + oxygen = Aluminum oxide

BaCl₂ Barium + chlorine = Barium chloride
Ca₃N₂ Calcium + nitrogen = Calcium nitride
KF Potassium + fluorine= Potassium Fluoride
Notice: The numbers in the chemical formula of ionic DO NOT affect the name of the compound
when its only two elements. It will matter on other types, though. Stay tuned.
 Ionic chemical formula from name

Write the chemical formula of Lithium oxide.

Criss-Cross rule
1. Write out symbols and charge of elements
If you can’t determine the charge, you need to ask RIGHT AWAY!

2. Criss-Cross charges as subscripts

3. Combine as a formula unit

4. If the numbers are multiples, simplify

More Examples... Aluminum sulfide
Magnesium bromide

Notice: Only the digit is brought down

and not the sign.

Also, remember to reduce when

necessary, as seen in the example of
with beryllium oxide to the right.
Stop Here!
Do Now: Canvas: Binary Ionic Compounds
 Covered in class: 11/26

Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

The ionic compounds we talked about previously only

have two different types of elements.
Ionic compounds with polyatomic ions have more
than 2 types of elements in them.
polyatomic ions: charged molecules that are made up
of more than one type of element
 Polyatomic Ions- The ones to know!
These can be found on the back of the periodic table.
You do NOT need to memorize these right now, but these are the
ones we used the most often.
Chlorite (ClO₂)⁻ Hydroxide (OH)⁻
Chlorate (ClO₃)⁻ Phosphate
(PO₄)⁻³
Carbonate (CO₃)⁻² Sulfite
(SO₃)⁻²
Nitrite (NO₂)⁻
We put them in parentheses, because they are aSulfate
group and stay as a group!!
 Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomics
Criss-Cross rule (again!)
1. Write out symbols and charge of element and polyatomic

2. Criss-Cross charges as subscripts

3. Combine as a formula unit

4. If the numbers are multiples, simplify

Calcium nitrate Ca⁺ (NO₃) Ca(NO₃)₂

² ⁻
polyatomic ion
Practice writing these!

Sodium phosphate Na₃(PO₄) Na₃PO₄

Magnesium sulfite Mg(SO₃) MgSO₃

Strontium chlorate Sr(ClO₃)
₂
Naming Ionic compounds with Polyatomics
Very simple!
1. Name the first element (metal)
2. Name the polyatomic ion
Sodium carbonate
Na₂CO₃
Aluminum sulfate
Al₂(SO₄)₃
Lithium chlorite
LiClO₂
STOP HERE!
Do Now

Canvas: Ionic Compounds with Polyatomics (I will assign this

after Thanksgiving)
 Covered in class: 12/2

Transitions Metals in Ionic Compounds

Silver (Ag) is always +1 , Zinc (Zn) is always +2 ,
Cadmium (Cd) is always +2 Mark these on your P.T.

If the transition metal can have more than one charge,

we have to specify which charge is involved.
Roman Numerals are used to indicate charge.
+1 = I +2 = II +3 = III +4 = IV
 Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals
Don’t need Roman numerals,
Silver nitrate = because silver is always +1
Iron
AgNO(III)
3
oxide = Fe is +3, Roman numeral III
Fe₂O₃
Pb is +4, Roman numeral IV
Lead (IV) iodide = PbI₄
Copper (I) sulfate = Cu2SO4
If it’s a transition metal with a variable charge, it will always list the charge as a Roman numeral.
Naming compounds with transition metals
Write the name of Co₂Se₃
**Always check to see if the first is a transition metal!
Uncross the numbers--that will tell you the charge of
the transition metal!
Co⁺³Se⁻² Cobalt (III) Selenide If there is a transition metal,
ALWAYS check the charge on the
non-metal to see if agrees when
uncrossed. If it doesn’t, make the
FeO Fe⁺²O⁻ Iron (II) Oxide appropriate changes, as seen in the
Iron(II) oxide example to the left.
Write the name of these chemicals

MnF₃ Manganese (III) fluoride

NiClO3 Nickel (II) chlorate

PbO₂ Iron (IV) oxide

Sn(NO3)4 Tin (IV) nitrate

Stop Here!
Canvas: Ionic Compounds with Transition Metals
 Covered in class: 12/3 or 12/4

Naming Covalent Molecules

● Covalent molecules are named a bit

differently than ionic compounds.
● When naming covalent molecules, we now
need to pay attention to the subscripts in
the chemical formulas.
 Naming Covalent Molecules from Formulas
When naming covalent molecules, use the word parts
for numbers.
Name this chemical: N₂O₃
1st part: word part + element name
dinitrogen

2nd part: word part + element name with -ide)

trioxide Dinitrogen trioxide
 One exception!

**If the first part only has a 1, do not write mono-, instead
just write the element name
**But still do word part on second part, no matter what
SO₂ Sulfur dioxide
NH₃ Nitrogen trihydride
ClF Chlorine monofluoride
Name these chemicals:

SbCl₃ Antimony trichloride

CO Carbon monoxide

SCl₆ Sulfur hexachloride

S₂Cl₂ Disulfur dichloride
 Writing Formulas from Covalent Names
Writing formulas from names, is fairly simple. Write the
symbol, then use word part to figure out the number.

Xenon trisulfide XeS₃

Arsenic trifluoride AsF₃

Phosphorus pentabromide PBr₅

Tetraphosphorus trisulfide P₄S₃