INTRODUCTION

 The use of light for the transmission of

information is far from a new idea.
Fiber optics is a relatively new technology that
uses rays of light to send information over hair-
thin fibers at blinding speeds.
These fibers are used as an alternative to
conventional copper wire in a variety of
applications such as those associated with
security, telecommunications, instrumentation
and control, broadcast or audio/visual systems.
WHAT IS AN OPTICAL
An optical fiber is a wave guide for light
FIBER
consists of :
core inner part where wave propagates
cladding outer part used to keep wave in
core
buffer protective coating
jacket outer protective shield

can have
a
connecto
r too
 ADVANTAGES OF OPTICAL
FIBER
• Small Size
• Light Weight
• High Bandwidth
• No Short Circuits
• Fewer Repeaters
• Noise Immunity
• Transmission Security
 DISADVANTAGES OF
OPTICAL FIBER
• Cost
• Taps
• Fear of New Technologies
LOGIC BEHIND OPTICAL
FIBER TRANSMISSION
APPLICATION IN DIFFERENT
FIELDS
•SUBMERGED SYSTEM
• MILITARY APPLICATIONS
• CIVIL APPLICATIONS
• CONSUMER APPLICATIONS
• INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
• OPTICAL COMPUTING
 step-index step-index
singlemode multimode
TYPES OF FIBERS
OPTICAL COMPUTING
An optical computer is a device that uses visible
light or infrared beams, rather than electric
current, to perform digital computations.
Optical computers promise speeds, which will be
thousands, even millions of times faster than
those of today's most efficient supercomputers.
The optical computer could revolutionize
computing in much the same way that the
semiconductor chip revolutionized electronics 30
years ago.
An electric current flows at only about 10 percent
of the speed of light.
TYPES OF CABLES
DISTRIBUTION CABLE
INDOOR/OUTDOOR TIGHT BUFFER CABLE
INDOOR/OUTDOOR BREAKOUT CABLE
LOOSE TUBE CABLE
AERIAL CABLE/SELF-SUPPORTING CABLE 
HYBRID & COMPOSITE CABLE
ARMORED CABLE
SMOKE ZERO HALOGEN CABLE
 BRIEF IDEA ABOUT
CONNECTORS
• Connectors are used to join two fibers together,
or to connect a fiber to a piece of equipment
• There are two main ways of describing optical
connectors - by the family or type of connector,
and by the type of end finish that they have.
Main types of connectors include
1. Epoxy & polish
2.preloaded epoxy or no-epoxy & polish
3. No-epoxy & no-polish
 CONCLUSION
• The applications of the fiber optics field are still
emerging and developing so rapidly that, it is
impossible to keep track each and every innovations
and inventions.
• All the above compilations gives idea about the
tremendous potential associated with this field.
• The future is not so distant when scientists and
researchers will come up with more and more futuristic
products and applications using optical fibers.