TELEVISION APPLICATIONS

BY: Santosh Sharma

MITS Gwalior
 1. TELEVISION BROADCASTING
 Broadcasting means transmission in all directions by
electromagnetic waves from the transmitting station.

 Broadcasting, that deals mostly with entertainment and advertising,

is probably the most familiar use of television

 Television broadcasting initially started with monochrome picture

but around 1952 colour transmission was introduced
 2. CABLE TELEVISION
 In recent years master antenna (MATV) and community antenna (CATV)
television systems have gained widespread popularity.

 The purpose of a MATV system is to deliver a strong signal (over 1 mV)

from one or more antennas to every television receiver connected to the
system. Typical applications of a MATV system are hotels, motels, schools,
apartment buildings and so on.

 The CATV system is a cable system which distributes good quality

television signal to a very large number of receivers throughout an entire
community.
 In general, this system feeds increased TV programs to subscribers who
pay a fee for this service
 3. CLOSED CIRCUIT
TELEVISION (CCTV)
 Closed circuit television is a special application in which camera signals
are made available only to a limited number of monitors or receivers.

 The particular type of link used depends on distance between the two
locations, the number and dispersion of receivers and mobility of either
camera or receiver.

 The simplest link is a cable where video signal from the camera is
connected directly through a cable to the receiver.
 CCTV Applications
 (i) Education
 (ii) Medicine
 (iii) Business
 (iv) Surveillance
 (v) Industry
 (vi) Home
 (vii) Aerospace and Oceanography
4. THEATRE TELEVISION
 Television programs can be shown to a large audience in
theatres. Similarly cinematographic films can be telecast for
viewing on television receivers. Some examples of such
applications are as follows.

 (i) TV Programs in Theatres

 (ii) Film Recorders
 (iii) Telecine Machines and Slide Projectors
5- PICTURE PHONE AND FACSIMILE
 This is another fascinating application of television where
two people can see each other while talking over the
telephone line.
 A picture phone installation includes a unit that contains a
small picture tube and a miniature TV camera.

 Facsimile is another application of electronic transmission of

visual information, usually a still picture, over telephone
lines
6- VIDEO TAPE RECORDING (VTR)
 Video tape recording was introduced in 1956 and it proved to be a vast
improvement over the earlier method of recording motion pictures taken
from the screen of the television receiver.

 Video tape retains the ‘live’ quality of broadcasting and has the
capability of being edited and duplicated without any delay.

 The other advantages are

 (i) immediate playback capability
 (ii) convenience of repeating the recorded material as many times as
the viewer wishes
 (iii) ease of duplication for distribution to a large number of users
 7- TELEVISION VIA SATELLITE
 Geostationary communication satellites launched into synchronous
orbits around the earth in recent years have enabled not only national but
also international television programs to be relayed between a number of
ground stations around the world.

 Three artificial satellites placed in equatorial orbits at 120° from each

other cover practically the whole populated land area of the world.

 High power, highly directive land based transmitters transmit wideband

microwave signals to the geostationary satellite above the transmitter.

 Higher power satellites can provide large power flux densities so that
smaller size antennas can be used for reception
 8- TV GAMES
 Television games is a relatively new application of digital electronics and
IC technology to TV products.

 The earlier set-ups provided logic for playing question answer games on
the television screen. Later paddle type games were developed which
included generation of sounds to give a touch of reality to the game being
played. Then colour was added to the display and the challenge of contest
amongst players increased by programming the game electronics to adapt
to the player’s skills
 Reference :

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