G

Mutations

enetics
Happen
 h i
s
d ti y / h e ir MESSAGES

e re an ce
H he ri t -Process of transmission of
traits from parents to their
offsprings.
HEY Dad!!!No I'm not...

In
-Helps to explain YEAH GOOD SEN
● How children tend to D
Q WE R T Y U I O P
resemble their parents A S D F G H J K L
● How. Genetic disease
runs in a family Z X C V B N M

p Complex disordera and

multifactorial disorders are
caused by combination of
genetic and environmental
SPACE

factors.
 Variation
● Visible differences
between parents and
offsprings or between
offsprings of same
parents.
On basis of cell Variation , variation can be divided into two types :

i n al l ce lls
Germ germin a
● Occu Somatic
u r s in n if ic an t
cc ig r
● Gene
rs in soma
tic cells ● O etically s aterial fo
en m
tically insig
nific ● G vide raw
● Acqui
red in lifetim ant Pr o ! !! ! !! ! !! !
e lost in de ●
o lu tion c a u se s o s s ing
ath e v ible (c r
● Enviro
Possible ca
uses!!!!!!!!! Poss mbination
nmental fa
c
!! R eco
● Use a tor ●
● Conci
nd disuse o
f organs over) on
ous effort M utati
●
On basis of differences produced, Variation can be
divided into Continuous and Discontinuous Discontinuous
Variations ● Large,distinct and sudden
● Heritable and provide raw
material for evolution
● Not common
● Is not affected by
environmental condition
Continuous
● Small and indistinct
● Affect size,weight,shape and
colour
● Fluctuates with
environmental condition
● Not heritable
● Very common and occurs in
all organisms
Tips to remember

The physical basis of heredity is Gene while chemical

basis of heredity is Gene .
DNA

● Hereditary material which inputs

messages for all vital activities
● Transmits messages from one
generation to another

Concept of DNA as genetic material was

supported by experiment conducted by
Federick Griffith in 1928.
 Genes
Genes Genes

● Located in
● Basic unit of chromosomes linearly
heredity ● Occupies specific
● position called locus
Segment of DNA on ● Each Gene has two
a chromosome alleles
● Describes how to ● Determine phenotype
and genotype
make a certain Constitution
protein ● Duplicate or multiply
on their own
The bracnch of science
dealing with it is called
Genetics .
& DNA
V .V.Imp.