Drillpipe and Drill

Collars
Calculations
 Units conversion
•Volume
 
• 1 bbl = 42 gal
• 1 gal = 231
• 1 bbl = 231*42 = 9702
• Length
• 1m = 3.28 ft
• 1 ft = 12 in
Table 1
•Cross
  sectional area of the pipe or capacity of the
pipe
Ap =
It is expressed in the units
of contained volume per unit
length Pipe area (bbl/ft)

Ap =( ) ()*

()* ()

Ap = () bbl/ft
•annulus
  Area or capacity of the annulus

Aa = -

It is expressed in the units

of contained volume per unit
length Pipe area (bbl/ft)

Aa = () bbl/ft
•  Displacement (cross sectional area of the steel in the pipe )

• As = -

• As = () bbl/ft
Example
• A drill string is composed of 7000 ft of 5 in , 19.5
ibm/ft drill pipe and 500 ft of 8 in OD by 2.75 in ID
drill collars when drilling a 9.875 in borehole.
Assuming that the borehole remains in gauge,
compute the number of pump cycles required to
circulate mud from the surface to the bit and from
the bottom of the hole to the surface if the pump
factor is 0.1781 bbl/cycle
•  Solution
Ap =( ) ()* ()* ()
Ap = () bbl/ft
Using table 1,, the inner diameter of 5 in,, 19.5 ibm/ft drillpipe
is 4.276 in
The capacity of the drill pipe is
Ap = () bbl/ft = 0.01776 bbl/ft
The capacity of the drill collars is
Ap = () bbl/ft = 0.00735 bbl/ft
•  The number of pump cycles required to circulate
new mud to the bit is given by

= 719 cycles
• The
  annular capacity outside the drillpipe

Aa = () bbl/ft = () bbl/ft
= 0.0704 bbl/ft

The annular capacity outside the drill collars

Aa = () bbl/ft = () bbl/ft
= 0.0326 bbl/ft
•  The pump cycles required to circulate mud from the
bottom of the hole to the surface is given by

= 2858 cycles
• Flow rate q = pump factor (Fp) * pump spead (N)
• Homework
A drillstring is composed of 9000 ft of 5 in, 19.5 ibm/ft drillpipe and 1000 ft of drill
collars having a 3 in ID. Compute these items :
• A) capacity of the drill pipe in barrels. Answer 159.8 bbl
• B) capacity of the drill collars in barrels. Answer 8.7 bbl
• C) number of pump cycles required to pump surface mud to the bit. The pump is
a duplex double-acting pump with 6 in liners, 2.5 in rods, 16 in strokes, and
operates at a volumetric efficiency of 85%. Answer 1164 cycles.
• D) displacement of the drill pipe in bbl/ft. answer 0.0065 bbl/ft (neglect tool
joints).
• E) displacement of the drill collars in bbl/ft. the OD of the collars is 8 in. answer
0.0534 bbl/ft.
• F) loss in fluid level in the well if 10 stands (thribbles) of drill pipe are pulled
without filling the hole. The ID of the casing in the hole is 10.05 in. answer 64 ft.
• G) loss in fluid level in the well if one stand of drill collars is pulled without filling
the hole. Answer 108 ft.
• H) change in fluid level in the pit if the pit is 8 ft wide and 20 ft long, assuming
that the hole is filled after pulling 10 stands of drill pipe. Answer 2.5 in
• i) change in fluid level in a 3 * 3 ft trip tank assuming that the hole is filled from
the trip tank after pulling 10 stands of drill pipe . Answer 3.6 ft
• A)
  5 in OD,,,,, from table ID = 4.276
• (4.276*4.276/1029.4)= 0.017761974 bbl/ft
• Capacity of drillpipe = 0.017761974 bbl/ft *9000 ft
=159.86 bbl
• b) (3*3/1029.4)= 0.008743 bbl/ft
Capacity of drill collars = 0.008743 bbl/ft *1000 ft
= 8.743 bbl
• c) Pump cycles = total volume / pump factor
• Total volume= 159.86+8.743= 168.6 bbl
• Pump factor = (𝝅/4)2 Ls (2 –) * Ev
=(𝝅/2) 16 in (2 * - ) *0.85
= 0.144775 bbl/cycles
Pump cycles = 168.6 bbl/0.144775 = 1164.5 cycles
•• D) displacement of the drill pipe in bbl/ft = () bbl/ft
 
= () = 0.0065 bbl/ft
• E) displacement of the drill collars in bbl/ft = () bbl/ft
= () = 0.05343 bbl/ft
• F) 10 stand = 10 * 90 = 900 ft
=>drillpipe displacement volme = (𝝅/4) )*900 ft*12 in = 56965.635 in3
volume in annular and drillpipe for loss level = (𝝅/4) ) L + (𝝅/4) ) L
=74.0526in2 L
74.0526in2 L = 56965.635 in3 => L = 56965.635 in3 / 74.0526in2 = 769.26 in = 64 ft
g) 1 stand = 90 ft
=>drill collar displacement volme = (𝝅/4) )*90 ft*12 in = 46652.651 in3
volume in annular and drill collar for loss level = (𝝅/4) ) L + (𝝅/4) ) L
=36.13 in2 L
=> 36.13 in2 L = 46652.651 in3 => L = 46652.651 in3 / 36.13 in2 = 1291.244 in=107.6 ft
h) volume of bit for loss level = 8*12*20*12*L= 23040 in2 L
volume of displacement of 10 stands drill pipe = = (𝝅/4) ) *900*12= 56965.635 in3
23040 in2 L = 56965.635 in3 => L = 56965.635 in3 / 23040 in2 = 2.5 in
i) Volume of trip tank =3*12*3*12*L = 1296 in2 L
volume of displacement of 10 stands drill pipe = = (𝝅/4) ) *900*12= 56965.635 in3
1296 in2 L = 56965.635 in3 => L = 56965.635 in3 / 1296 in2 = 43.955 in = 3.6 ft
 Homework
• The mud logger places a sample of calcium carbide in the drill
string when a connection is made. The calcium carbide reacts with
the mud reacts with the mud to form acetylene gas. The acetylene
is detected by a gas detector at the shale shaker after pumping
4500 strokes. The drill string is composed of 9500 ft of 5 in, 19.5
ibm/ft drill pipe and 500 ft of drill collars having an ID 2.875 in. the
pump is a double-acting duplex pump with (6 in liners) (2 in rods)
and (14 in strokes and operates at a volumetric efficiency of 80%
• 1- estimate the number of pump cycles required to move the gas
from the surface to the bit (answer 1400 cycles,, neglect gas slip )
• 2- estimate the number of pump cycles required to move the gas
from the bit to the shale shaker(answer 3100 cycles)
• 3- if the penetration rate of the bit is 20 ft/hr and the pump speed
is 60 cycles/min., how many feet are drilled by the bit before
formation gas expelled from the rock destroyed by the bit travels
from the bit to the surface.(answer 17.2 ft )
• Pump
  factor = (𝝅/4)2 Ls (2 – ) * Ev
=(𝝅/2) 14 in (2 - ) *0.8
= 0.1233063783 bbl/cycles
• 5 in OD,,,,, from table ID = 4.276
• (4.276*4.276/1029.4)= 0.017761974 bbl/ft
• Capacity of drillpipe = 0.017761974 bbl/ft *9500 ft
=168.738753 bbl
• (2.875*2.875/1029.4)= 0.0080295561 bbl/ft
Capacity of drill collars = 0.0080295561 bbl/ft*500 ft
= 4.01477805 bbl
Total capacity = 168.738753 + 4.01477805
= 172.75353105 bbl
a) 172.75353105/pump factor = 1400 cycles or strokes
b) 4500- 1400 = 3100 cycles or strokes
c) from the bit it takes 3100 cycles for gas to reach the surface
So time from bit to surface = = 51.67 min= 0.86 hour
So feets drilled by bit before gas expelled = penetration rate * time
= 20 ft/hour * 0.86 hour = 17.2 ft
• 1.5 solution
• Tension strength = 138000(F should not exceed this value
with take into consideration the safety factor =2
• For n=8 then E=0.841 from table
• Ff = W/En =500000/(0.841*8) = 74316.3 ibf * Safety
Factor
• Safety facor= 2 then F = 148632.6 > 138000 ⨰
• For n=10, E = 0.81
• Ff = W/En =500000/(0.81*10)= 61728.4 ibf*Safety
factor
• Safety facor= 2 then F = 61728.4 < 138000 ⩗
• So n=10 because the F tension is lower than
tension strength of the drilling line