Animal nutrition

Made by Nandin-Erdene
Contents
• Diet
• Nutrients:
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
e) Minerals
f) Water
g) Fibre
• Fat and heart disease
• Starvation and malnutrition
Diet
Animals get their food from other
organisms- from plants or other
animals.

The food an animal eats everyday is called its

diet. A diet which contains all of nutrients, in
the correct amounts and proportions, is called
a balanced diet.
Nutrients
To make sure that you eat a balanced diet you must eat foods containing

You also need each kind of vitamin and mineral, fibre and water. These
substances are called nutrients. If your diet doesn’t contain all of these
nutrients, your body will not be able to work properly.
Vitamins
Vitamins are organic substances which are only needed in tiny amounts. If you
do not have enough of a vitamin, you may get a deficiency disease.
Minerals
Minerals are inorganic substances. Only small amounts of them are needed in the diet.
Fat and heart disease
The kind of fat found in animal foods is called saturated fat. These foods also contain cholesterol.
Fat deposits build up on the inside of arteries, making them stiffer and narrower.

The heart muscles run short of oxygen and cannot work properly. This is called coronary heart
disease. The deposits can also cause a blood cut, which results in a heart attack.
Fat
Dairy products such as milk, cream, butter and cheese contain a lot of saturated
fat. So do red meat and eggs. But vegetable oils are usually unsaturated fats.

Fish and white meat such as chicken do not contain much saturated fat, so eating
more of these and less red meat may help to cut down the risk of heart disease.
Obesity
People who take in more energy than they use up get fat. Being very fat is called obesity.
Obesity is dangerous to health. The extra weight placed on the legs can cause problems with
the joints, especially knees.

Most people can control their weight by eating normal, well-balanced meals and taking
regular exercise. Crash diets are not good idea, except for someone who is very overweight.