BY

ALOK MISHRA
13CE01040
PVC-Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
Poly(vinyl chloride), commonly abbreviated PVC, is the third-most widely produced plastic,
after polyethylene and polypropylene.PVC is used in construction because it is more effective than traditional
materials such as copper, iron or wood in pipe and profile applications. It can be made softer and more flexible
by the addition of plasticizers, the most widely used being phthalates.

Only this much is not the introduction……….

PVC was accidentally discovered at least twice in the 19th century,
first in 1835 by French chemist Henri Victor Regnault and
then in 1872 by German chemist Eugen Baumann . On both
occasions the polymer appeared as a white solid inside flasks of vinyl
chloride that had been left exposed to sunlight. In the early 20th
century the Russian chemist Ivan Ostromislensky and Fritz
Klatte of the German chemical company Griesheim-Elektron both
attempted to use PVC in commercial products, but difficulties in
processing the rigid, sometimes brittle polymer blocked their
efforts. Waldo Semon and the B.F. Goodrich Company developed a
method in 1926 to plasticize PVC by blending it with various additives.
 Physical Properties of PVC

PROPERTY RIGID PVC FLEXIBLE PVC

Density(g/cm^3) 1.3–1.45 1.1–1.35

Thermal conductivity(W/(m-K)) 0.14–0.28 0.14–0.17

Yield strength(psi) 4500 - 8700 1450 - 3600

Young’s modulus(psi) 490,000

Flexural strength(yield)(psi) 10,500

Compression strength(psi) 9500

Coefficient of thermal expansion 5×10−5

(/°C)
Resistivity [Ω m] 1016 1012–1015

Surface resistivity [Ω] 1013–1014 1011–1012

 Mechanical properties
• PVC has high hardness and mechanical
properties.
• The mechanical properties enhance with the
molecular weight increasing, but decrease
with the temperature increasing.
• The elastic modulus can reach to 1500-
3,000 MPa.
• The soft PVC (Flexible PVC) elastic is 1.5-15
MPa. However, elongation at break is up to
200% -450%. PVC friction is ordinary, the static
friction factor is 0.4-0.5, the dynamic friction
factor is 0.23.
 Mechanical properties
• Creep Modulus For PVC, the modulus or stress/strain relationship must
be considered in the context of the rate or duration of loading and the
temperature.

Abrasion Resistance
• Plastics generally show excellent performance under abrasive conditions.
 Thermal properties
• The heat stability of PVC is very poor, when the
temperature reaches 140 °C PVC starts to
decompose.
• Its melting temperature is 160 °C.
• The linear expansion coefficient of the PVC is small
and has flame retardancy, the oxidation index is
up to 45 or more.
• Therefore, the addition of a heat stabilizer
during the process is necessary in order to
ensure the product's properties.
 Electrical properties
• PVC is a polymer with good insulation
properties but because of its higher polar
nature the electrical insulating property is
inferior to non polar polymers such
as polyethylene and polypropylene.
• As the dielectric constant, dielectric loss
tangent value and volume resistivity are high,
the corona resistance is not very good, it is
generally suitable for medium or low voltage
and low frequency insulation materials.
Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (uPVC) for
construction
$ Flooring
$ Pipes
$ Covering
$ CABLE
$ window frames
$ fascia, and siding or weatherboarding
$ AND MANY MORE…
Application near ourselves…
 Flooring

• Flexible PVC flooring is inexpensive and used in a

variety of buildings covering the home, hospitals,
offices, schools, etc.
• Complex and 3D designs are possible due to the prints
that can be created which are then protected by a clear
wear layer. A middle vinyl foam layer also gives a
comfortable and safe feel.
• The smooth, tough surface of the upper wear layer
prevents the build up of dirt which prevents
microbes from breeding in areas that need to be kept
sterile, such as hospitals and clinics.
 Benefits of PVC
flooring
• Durable
• Freedom of aesthetic effects – available in a
wide range of colours and patterns
• Ease of installation, easy to clean
• Easily recyclable
• Variable thickness
 Pipes
PVC pipes have been in use for over 60 years. When compared
with traditional pipe materials, PVC offers valuable energy
savings during production, low cost distribution and a safe,
maintenance-free lifetime of service.
PVC pipes will not degrade to damage the environment and
suffer fewer breaks / leaks than other alternatives.

PVC is widely specified for pipeline systems for water, waste and
drainage due to its a theoretical service life of hundreds of years
for buried pipes. PVC pipes suffer no build-up, pitting, scaling or
corrosion and provide smooth surfaces reducing energy
requirements for pumping.
 Covering

• PVC sheets are also used as coverings like the

sheds in railway platforms ,air base shed ,
nurseries made of PVC.
• This is very cost effective as compared to
traditional tin shed which are very heavy and
have heat absorbent nature .
Recent mass uses of PVC
Use of PVC in LONDON OLYMPICS
 Applications of PVC in London
Olympics

• Tensile fabric structures

• Cables
• Pipes
• High performance sports surfaces and seating
• A very large amount of the PVC used, especially in temporary structures, has
been recycled thanks to technologies like Texyloop, which has been developed
with the support of Vinyl 2010. Some structures have been completely
dismantled and shipped to Brazil where they will be re-used in the football
arenas being built for the next FIFA World Cup in 2014.
 Advantages of PVC
• Lighter in weight as compared to traditional
materials like copper , wood and tin etc.
• Easily available and producible.
• Heat resistant and do not conduct
electricity.
• Can be casted to any shape.
• Can be recycled and reused.
• Can be easily shifted from one place to
another.
 Disadvantages of PVC
• It is not recommended for use above 343K
although it can be taken to 353K for short
periods
• Sensitive to UV and oxidative degradation.
• HCl is evolved when it is decomposed.
• Its production causes pollution.
 Environmental Effect
• The study 'A discussion of some of the
scientific issues concerning the use of PVC' (1)
by the Commonwealth Scientific and
Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in
Australia concluded in 2000 that PVC in its
building and construction applications has no
more effect on the environment that its
alternatives.
 INNOVATIONS
Gerflor Flooring Group (France)
TOPSILENCE: The quietest
laminate flooring
WALLCOVERING PUBBLICITA’ srl PentaSystem is an innovative passive safety system for road
Molecor Tecnologia S.L. (SPAIN)
Innovative TOPSILENCE flooring from Gerflor is a totally new
laminate product that is the quietest on the market. Its secret: a
fibre layer of acoustic insulation that absorbs sound! Easy to
install, TOPSILENCE laminated fibre provides improved comfort,
resilience and realism compared to standard wood laminate
flooring
signage which aims to replace those metal signposts which so
often cause serious injury to people and damage to vehicles.
PentaSystem consists of a polygonal outer sheath in recycled
PVC and an innovative tubular structure containing air or
nitrogen, whose function is to absorb energy in the event of a
collision, thereby providing road users with greater safety
Honour where honour is due: the SolVin Award
Innovation Gold has been accorded to the Spanish
company Molecor, for its large PVC-O pipe with a
diameter of 630 mm This innovation opens the way
for a whole new market in corrosion-resistant PVC
pipes, thanks to its dimensions which are 50% bigger
than previous generations .
http://www.solvayplastics.com/sites/solvayplastics/EN/Solvay%20Plas
tics%20Literature/Wave26_EN.pdf
 Conclusion

•
PVC is replacing traditional building materials such as
wood, metal, glass, concrete and clay in many
applications.
Versatility, cost effectiveness and an excellent record of
use mean it is the most important polymer for the
construction sector
It is used in drinking water and waste water pipes,
window frames, flooring and roofing foils, wall coverings,
cables and many other applications. These products are
often lighter , less expensive and offer many performance
advantages..
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride
• Http://wiki.answers.com
• www.pvc.org/
• http://www.pvcconstruct.org/en/p/material
• https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source
=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CFkQFjAJ&url=http%3A
%2F%2Fmts.sustainableproducts.com%2FSMaRT%2FThornton
Revised.pdf&ei=hqYTVZGiH5e3uQSPwoHwBg&usg=AFQjCNHy
-rZwVKuTxJmIZ7_0o0O_yofWmg&bvm=bv.89217033,d.c2E
• Google Images
• http://www.iom3.org/pvc-innovation-and-design
.

THANKYOU