AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT CONTROL

USING IR SENSORS

BY:
E.VIKRAM (11M91A0441) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:
K.SAI KUMAR (11M91A0445) G.RAMCHANDRA KUMAR
K.RAGHU NANDAN(11M91A0447)
 ABSTRACT
 The main purpose of this project is to switch ON
and OFF street lights without manual operation.

 By using this system energy consumption is

reduced .

 IR sensors and micro controller are the main

components of the project.

 IR sensor is like our eye which detect the presence

of an object.
 INTRODUCTION
 In the present days Automated systems have less
manual operations, high flexibility, and accurate.
 Especially in the field of electronics automated
systems are giving good performance.
 our project is to control the switching of Street
Lights automatically.
 IR’s which detects the vehicle with the micro
controller are used.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Regulated Power Supply

IR

IR MICROCONTROLLER HIGH POWER

AT89S52
LED’s

IR
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

Microcontroller
(AT89S52)

IR Sensors

Light Dependent
Resistor[LDR]
Light Emitting
Diode [LED]
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

1
T1
1 5

230V AC
2 - + 4 1 3
7805
4 8 2
4 X IN4001
470uf 0 .1 u f 0 .1 u f

3
SW 1
U1 40
10uf
9 VCC 31
R ST EA
10k 1 10
P 1 .0 P 3 .0 /R XD 330

2 11
P 1 .1 P 3 .1 /T XD 330

3 12
P 1 .2 P 3 .2 /IN T 0 330
10k
4 13
E + P 1 .3 P 3 .3 /IN T 1 330

+ D 5 14
330 P 1 .4 P 3 .4 /T 0 330

MOC 7811 6 15
P 1 .5 P 3 .5 /T 1 330
10k.
7 16
E + P 1 .6 P 3 .6 /W R

+ D 8 17
330 P 1 .7 P 3 .7 /R D

MOC 7811
18 X2 Y 1 X1 19
10k

E + 33pf 33pf

+ D
330

MOC 7811
 MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52)

AT89S52

Pin diagram of AT89S52

 The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller.

 It has a 4K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash memory.

 128 bytes of RAM,32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, two data

pointers.

 two 16-bit timer,on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry.

 PIN DESCRIPTION:

VCC PORT 3
GND RST
VDD ALE
PWR/GND PSEN
PORT 0 EA
PORT 1 XTAL1
PORT 2 XTAL2
 IR SENSORS
 Infrared sensor is an electronic instrument.

 It is used to sense certain characteristics in its

surroundings by emitting infrared radiations.

 It is capable of measuring heat and detection of moving

object.

 SPECIFICATIONS:
Size: [Refer to the image beside]
TX: Transmitter
RX: Receiver
LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR(LDR)
 An LDR( light dependent resistor), offers the resistance in
response to the ambient light.

 The resistance of the LDR increases as the intensity of

light increases.

 It can act as a sensor, since a varying voltage drop can be

obtained in accordance with the varying light.
HIGH POWER LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
(LED’S)
 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light
source.

 LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices, and

are increasingly used for lighting.

 LEDs are introduced as a practical electronic

component in 1962.

Structure inside a LED

Electrical symbol & polarities of LED
WORKING OF THE PROJECT
 The working of the project can be clearly explained
by considering the street lights.
 The main aim of the project is to automatic switch
ON/OFF the street light by sensing the vehicle.
 In this project IR’s are used for sensing the
vehicles.
 Initially the street lights are in OFF state by using
the LDR’S.
 As the IR senses the vehicle the street lights
associated w.r.t that sensor will switch ON and OFF
after certain time.
 SOFTWARE USED
KEIL COMPILER

 Keil compiler is the software used in the

machine language code.
 The machine source code is converted into
hex code.
 This hex code is dumped into the
microcontroller for further processing.
 RESULT
 The main idea of this project is to reduce the
wastage of electricity.
 For this purpose IR’s and LDR’s are used as
sensors.
 The street light corresponding to that IR will
switch-ON automatically when a vehicle
passes.
 CONCLUSION

 Can overcome the crisis of natural power

production resources in forth coming days.
 Can reduce the wastage of electricity.
 Ultimately can conserve some of the natural
resources from completely getting vanished.
 REFRENCES
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.keil.com
 www.maxim-ic.com
 www.electronicsforu.com
 www.allaboutcircuits.com
Books Referred:
 Raj kamal –Microcontrollers Architecture,
Programming, Interfacing and System Design.
 Mazidi and Mazidi –Embedded Systems.
 DIP Microcontroller Manual – Microchip.
 Embedded C-Michael J Pont
THANK YOU