WIR

E
MEP
SERVICES
INTRODUCTIO
N-
 A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, flexible strand or rod of
metal. Wires are used to bear
mechanical loads or electricity and telecommunications
signals.

 Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a

hole in a die or draw plate.

 Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and

associated devices such as switches, distribution boards,
sockets, and light fittings in a structure.

 The most common material for electrical wire is

copper and aluminum, these are not the best
conductors however they are abundant and low cost. Gold is
also used in applications because it is corrosion resistant.
TYPES OF WIRE
-
There are mainly 6 types of wires are there.

 Vulcanised Indian Rubber Wire (V.I.R)

 Tough Rubber Sheathed Wire (T.R.S)
 Poly Vinyl Chloride Wire (P.V.C.)
 Lead alloy sheathed wire
 Weather Proof Wires
 Flexible Wire
V.I.R [VULCANISED INDIAN RUBBER]
WIRES-
 A VIR wire mainly consists of a tinned conductor having rubber
coating.

 Tinning of conductor prevents the sticking of rubber to the

conductor.

 Thickness of rubber mainly depends on the operating voltage to which

wire is designed.

 A cotton bradding is done over the rubber insulations to protect the

conductor against the moisture.

 Finally the wire is finished with wax for cleanliness.

 Nowadays these wires are not used since a better quality wires are
available at a cheaper rate.
T.R.S. [TOUGH RUBBER SHEATHED]
WIRES-
 This type of wire is a modification of V.I.R.
wire. It consist of the ordinary rubber coated
conductors with an additional sheath of tough
rubber.

 This layer provides better protection against

moisture and wear and tear. Also it provides
an extra insulation.

 These wires are generally available in single

conductor, two conductors or
three conductors.
 P.V.C. [POLY VINYL CHLORIDE]
WIRES-
It is called poly vinyl chloride wire. PVC coating on
copper conductor so its so many advantages as
follows.

 High dielectric strength

 High tensile strength
 More defense against moisture
 High life
 No disturb in vibration

Available in 600, 660, 1100 Voltage, Widely used Long

life Durable against water, heat, oil, UV light
LEAD ALLOY SHEATHED
WIRES -
 The ordinary wires can be used only at dry places but for
damp places these wires are covered with continuous lead
sheaths.

 The layer of lead covering is very thin like

• 0.12 cm thick.

 These wires provides little mechanical protections to the

wires.
WEATHER PROOF WIRES
-
 These types of wires are used outdoor i.e. providing a
service connection from overhead line to building etc.

 In this type of wire the conductor is not tinned and the

conductor is covered with three braids of fibrous yarn and
saturated with water proof compound.
FLEXIBLE WIRES
-
 These wires consists of number of strands instead of a single
conductor. (Strand is a very thin conductor).

 The conductor is insulated with P.V.C. material.

 These wires are very useful for household portable

appliances where flexibility of wire is more important.

 Typical specifications

 55/.01mm(55 strands of 0.1mm diameter), maximum

current 6A,used for household purposes.
Three Core Wire -
This is three core wire. It is pvc insulated wire. Its used for
1-phase.

1. Blue wire for Neutral

(Returns current to power source)

2.Brown for live wire (Provides

current to appliance)

3. Yellow wire for earth

(Takes current to ground if appliance has fault)
There is color code used for wiring &supply.
WIRE
COLOU
R
CODES
S.W.G. [STANDARD WIRE
GAUGE]-
 A Instrument which is use for measure Cross Area (gauge) of wire.

 Wire gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number.
The term 'wire' is also used more loosely to refer to a bundle of such strands, as in
"multistranded wire", which is more correctly termed a wire rope in mechanics, or a
cable in electricity.

Various uses of wire gauge.

 To measure Cross area of wire

 To measure gauge
 CABLES
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 A power cable is an assembly of two or more electrical
conductors, usually held together with an overall sheath.
The assembly is used for transmission of electrical
power. Power cables may be installed as permanent
wiring within buildings, buried in the ground, run
overhead, or exposed.

 Flexible power cables are used for portable devices,

mobile tools and machinery.
CABLE STRUCTURE
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TYPES OF CABLES
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 The types of cables basically decided based on the
voltage level for which it is manufactured material
used for the insulation such as paper,cotton,rubber etc.
the classification of cables according to the voltage
levels is,

 Low Tension Cables (L.T. Cables).

 Medium and High tension Cables (H.T. Cables).

BELTED CABLES
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 These cables are used for the voltage level up to 11
kV. The construction of belted cable is is shown in
fig.

 The cores are not in circular shape.

 The cores are insulated from each other by use of

impregnated paper.

 The gaps are filled with fibrous material like

jute.

 The belt is covered with lead sheath.

SUPER TENSION (S.T.) CABLES
-
 The S.T. cables are intended for 132 kV to 25 kV
voltage levels.

 In such cables, the following methods are

specially used to eliminate the possibility of
void formation:

 Instead of solid type insulation, low viscosity oils

under pressure is used for impregnation.

 Using inert gas at high pressure in b/w the

lead sheath & dielectric.
OIL FILLED
CABLES -
 In case of oil filled cables, the channels or ducts are
provided within or adjacent to the cores, through
which oil under pressure is circulated.

 It consists of concentric standard conductor but built

around a hallow cylindrical steel spiral core, which
acts as a channel for oil.
GAS PRESSURE CABLES
-
 An inert gas like N at high pressure is introduced
lead sheath and dielectric.

 Gas like SF6 is also used in cables.

 Pressure is about 12-15 atmosphere.

 Working power factors is also high.

 GENERAL CONSTRUCTION
-
 Conductor or Core
 Insulation
 Metallic Sheath
 Bedding
 Armouring
 Serving
COMPONENTS OF CABLE
-

Outer Sheath Armouring Inner Screening Conductor Conductor

Sheath Insulation
S.NO. SIZES ACC. HAVELLS ANCHOR POLYCAB FINOLEX
TO
LENGT
H
1. 0.5 mm 150 m 630 rs. 630 rs. 550 rs. 450 rs.

2. 0.75 mm 150 m 855 rs. 800 rs. 850 rs. 810 rs.

3. 1 mm 150 m 1165 rs. 740 rs. 990 rs. 850 rs.

4. 1.5 mm 100 m 1690 rs. 1551 rs. 1890 rs. 1200 rs.

5. 2.5 mm 90 m 2750 rs. 2110 rs. 2350 rs. 2000 rs.

6. 4 mm 90 m 4020 rs. 3950 rs. 3900 rs. 3500 rs.

7. 6 mm 90 m 6050 rs. 4400 rs. 4000 rs. 4400 rs.

8. 10 mm 100 m 8539 rs. 7548 rs. 6800 rs. 7561 rs.

9. 16 mm 100 m 14993 rs. 12569 rs. 10797 rs. 12500 rs.

10. 25 mm 75 m 25140 21000 rs. 17270 rs. 19590 rs.

THANKYOU
GROUP MEMBERS
–

AYUSHI
AAKANSH
A
rajat
RAHUL