Chapter 3

EARLY EDUCATION IN
CALAMBA AND BIÑAN
 CHAPTER 3 – RIZAL’S EARLY EDUCATION
IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN
Teaching was characterized by four
R’s :
 Reading  Writing
 Arithmetic  Religion
- Instruction was rigid and strict.
- Knowledge was forced into the minds
of pupil.
- By means of tedius memory method
EDUCATION IN SPANISH
ERA:
 Primary level to the tertiary level of
education
 Schools focused on the Christian
Doctrines
 Separate school for boys and girls

 Wealthy Filipino or the ilustrados were

accommodated in the schools
THE HERO’S FIRST TEACHER
 The first teacher of Rizal was her
mother
 A remarkable woman of good
character and fine culture

Rizal at the age of 3, learns the

alphabets and prayers.

 Doña Teodora discovered Jose’s talent

for poetry and encourage him to write
 PRIVATE TUTORS OF RIZAL

 Maestro Celestino was Jose’s first private

tutor.

 Maestro Lucas Padua was second private

tutor

 Maestro Leon Monroy became the hero’s

tutor in Spanish and Latin. he was the
classmate of Don Francisco
 Uncle Jose Alberto – gave
wise direction in the
studies of Jose

 Uncle Gregorio – instilled into the

mind of Jose the love for
education.
Work hard and perform every task
very carefully; learn to be swift as
well as thorough; be independent is
thinking; and make visual pictures of
everything.
 PRIVATE TUTORS OF RIZAL

 Tio Manuel Alberto- seeing Jose was frail

in nature, concerned himself with the physical
development of his nephew

 He also taught Jose to love for open air

and admiration for the beauty of nature.
JOSE GOES TO BIÑAN

 June 1869 – Jose goes to Biñan

with Paciano

 Carromata – transportation

 Lodged at her aunt’s house

 FIRST DAY IN BIÑAN
SCHOOL

 School of Maestro Justiniano

Aquino Cruz – formal teacher

 Rizal Described his Maestro as tall,

thin, long necked, sharp-nosed, with a
body slightly bent forward.

 The school was in maestro’s house

 FIRST SCHOOL
BRAWL

 Pedro (teachers son) (bully) –

wrestling

 Andres Saladan- arm wrestling

 Jose never run away from a fight

 PAINTING LESSONS IN
BIÑAN

 Near the school was the house of

an old painter Old Juancho, Father
inlaw of the school teacher
 Freely gave Jose painting lessons
 Jose Rizal and his classmate
Jose Guevarra become
apprentices of old Jauncho.
DAILY LIFE IN BIÑAN

Jose’s Daily Routine:

Hears mass at 4 a.m or studies lesson before
going to mass
Goes to orchard to look for a mabolo to eat
Breakfast  Goes to class at 10a.m
Lunch break  Goes back to school at
2p.m
Goes home at 5p.m  Prays again
Studies lesson and draws a little  Has supper
Plays in the street if moon is bright 
CONTINUATION: PART 2
 BEST STUDENT IN
SCHOOL

 Jose surpassed his classmates in

Spanish, Latin and other subjects

 His older classmates were jealous

and squealed to the teacher
whenever he had fights

 Jose usually receives five to six

blows.
END OF BIÑAN SCHOOLING

 Jose left Biñan after one year and a half

schooling in that town.

 Jose recieves letter from Saturnina

 Talim- the steamer that Jose rode

The Cavite Mutiny

January 20 1872, The Cavite

mutiny of 1872 was an
uprising of Filipino military
personnel of Fort San Felipe,
the Spanish arsenal in Cavite
The Mutiny based on the Spanish Perspective

Spanish historian documented the event and highlighted it as

“revolution” an attempt of the Indios to overthrow the Spanish
government in the Philippines.

Gov. Gen. Rafael Izquierdo’s official report magnified the event and
made use of it to implicate the native clergy, which was then active in
the call for secularization.

He reported to the King of Spain that the “rebels” wanted to

overthrow the Spanish government to install a new “hari” in the likes
of Fathers Burgos and Zamora.
A Response to Injustice: The Filipino Version of the Incident

- the abolition of privileges of the workers like non-payment of tributes and

exemption from force labor were the main reasons

the incident was a mere mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and laborers of
the Cavite arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the abolition of their
privileges.

Tavera believed that the Spanish friars and Izquierdo used the Cavite Mutiny
as a powerful lever by magnifying it as a full-blown conspiracy involving not
only the native army but also included residents of Cavite and Manila, and
more importantly the native clergy to overthrow the Spanish government in the
Philippines.
But What are the REAL reasonS and implications?

1. the Central Government in Madrid announced its intention to deprive the

friars of all the powers of intervention in matters of civil government and the
direction and management of educational institutions.

2. The Central Government of Spain welcomed an educational decree

promoting the fusion of sectarian schools run by the friars into a school called
Philippine Institute.

3. The Friars stated the mutiny as a vast conspiracy organized throughout the
archipelago with the object of destroying Spanish sovereignty. (revolution)
4. Convicted educated men who participated in the mutiny were
sentenced life imprisonment while members of the native clergy
headed by the GOMBURZA were tried and executed by garrote.

5. The execution of GOMBURZA was a blunder on the part of the

Spanish government, for the action severed the ill-feelings of the
Filipinos and the event inspired Filipino patriots to call for reforms
and eventually independence.

6. And leads to the awakening of nationalism and eventually to the

outbreak of Philippine Revolution of 1896.
MARTYRDOM OF GOM-BUR-ZA

February 17 1872- On February 17,

1872, three priests—Mariano Gomez,
Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora—
were killed in Bagumbayan on charges
of leading a mutiny of arsenal workers
in Cavite with the aim of overthrowing
the colonial government.
Mariano Gomez,

the Old Veteran

72 year olds, Ilustrado to the
core, liberal priest
Jacinto Zamora,

the Victim of False Identity

He was a gambler
He was 36 at the time
Pedro Burgos, the ‘King of
the Filipinos’

Secular priest who really

clamored for Filipino rights
He was 35 when he was
sentenced to die
 INJUSTICE TO HERO’S MOTHER
 In 1872, Doña Teodora was arrested
on malicious charge that she aided
his brother Jose Alberto in trying to
poison his wife

 Jose Alberto’s wife connived with the

Spanish lieutenant of guardia civil and
filed a case againts Rizal’s mother
• ISSUES BEFORE THE INCIDENT:

• A RANKING MEMBER OF THE GUARDIA CIVIL, WAS

OFFENDED WHEN HIS REQUEST FOR THE GRASS
(FODDER)WAS TURNED DOWN BY FRANCISCO MERCADO.

• BUILDING OF A SUGAR MILL ON A DISPUTED LAND

• PACIANO, WHOSE CLOSE ASSOCIATION WITH THE

EXECUTED PRIEST FATHER JOSE BURGOS, PUT HIM IN
THE LIST OF THOSE WHO WERE BEING CLOSELY WATCH
BY THE GOVERNMENT.
• JOSE ALBERTO PLANNED TO DIVORCE HIS WIFE
BECAUSE OF HER INFIDELITY

• JOSE ALBERTO’S WIFE CONNIVED WITH THE SPANISH

LIEUTENANT OF GUARDIA CIVIL AND FILED A CASE
AGAINTS RIZAL’S MOTHER

• THEN ACCUSED JOSE ALBERTO AND TEODORA OF

TRYING TO POISON JOSE ALBERTO’S WIFE. TEODORA
WAS NAMED AS AN ACCOMPLICE. JOSE ALBERTO, THE
MAIN SUSPECT.
• DOÑA TEODORA AND JOSE ALBERTO
WAS CONVICTED BY A MAYOR
WITHOUT TRIAL

• IMPRISON IN STA ROSA, LAGUNA

• 50 KILOMETERS FORCED WALK TO

STA. ROSA
 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING…

https://smallpdf.com/result#r=62bb7da33f6b6265ead4f27a46c2
fc33&t=pdf-to-ppt
Jayvee Hijada II

https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/117839/Lifestyle/Editorial-
The-real-world-Rizal
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Juan, C., & Molina, C. (2012). A Pinoy in the Spanish Cortes. InterAksyon.com. Retrieved 13 January 2015, from
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People’s Journey with God 2007 Edition (Church Renewed & Her Sacraments) by Joseph F. Ines, Esteban T. Salibay, Jr.,
Bernardo N. Sepeda, Ed.D., Felinore Angelica H. Valera, Ed.D.

Towards A New Life by Rufina Barola Legaspi

The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars by Spencer Tucker

State and Society in the Philippines by Patricio N. Abinales, Donna J. Amoroso

Philippine History by Maria Christine N. Halili

The Filipino Moving Onward by Rosario S. Sagmit, Ma. Lourdes Sagmit-Mendoza, Amparo C. Sunga

http://thesplendorofthechurch.com/2015/01/15/7-myths-about-spanish-colonial-period-that-filipinos-should-all-stop-
believing/